Use regular font for whitespace before monospace text.

Clean up the code128 code a bit and use the Helvetica font for the text.

Add support for writing to a PDF file on the command-line vs. just doing
redirection.

.gitignore

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 *.1.dylib
 *.a
+*.dSYM
 *.log
 *.o
 *.so.1
@@ -8,7 +9,12 @@
 /autom4te.cache
 /config.log
 /config.status
+/configure~
 /doc/pdfio.epub
+/examples/code128
+/examples/image2pdf
+/examples/md2pdf
+/examples/pdfioinfo
 /Makefile
 /packages
 /pdfio.pc

CHANGES.md

@@ -2,16 +2,39 @@ Changes in PDFio
 ================
 
 
-v1.3.1 (August 5, 2024)
------------------------
+v1.4.0 - YYYY-MM-DD
+-------------------
+
+- Added new `pdfioDictGetKey` and `pdfioDictGetNumPairs` APIs (Issue #63)
+- Added new `pdfioArrayRemove` and `pdfioDictClear` APIs (Issue #74)
+- Added new `pdfioFileCreateNameObj` and `pdfioObjGetName` APIs for creating and
+  getting name object values (Issue #76)
+- Updated documentation (Issue #78)
+- Updated `pdfioContentTextMeasure` to support measuring PDF base fonts created
+  with `pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromBase` (Issue #84)
+- Fixed reading of PDF files whose trailer is missing a newline (Issue #80)
+- Fixed builds with some versions of VC++ (Issue #81)
+- Fixed validation of date/time values (Issue #83)
+
+
+v1.3.2 - 2024-08-15
+-------------------
+
+- Added some more sanity checks to the TrueType font reader.
+- Updated documentation (Issue #77)
+- Fixed an issue when opening certain encrypted PDF files (Issue #62)
+
+
+v1.3.1 - 2024-08-05
+-------------------
 
 - CVE 2024-42358: Updated TrueType font reader to avoid large memory
   allocations.
 - Fixed some documentation errors and added examples (Issue #68, Issue #69)
 
 
-v1.3.0 (June 28, 2024)
-----------------------
+v1.3.0 - 2024-06-28
+-------------------
 
 - Added `pdfioFileGetCatalog` API for accessing the root/catalog object of a
   PDF file (Issue #67)
@@ -21,8 +44,8 @@ v1.3.0 (June 28, 2024)
 - Optimized string pool code.
 
 
-v1.2.0 (January 24, 2024)
--------------------------
+v1.2.0 - 2024-01-24
+-------------------
 
 - Now use autoconf to configure the PDFio sources (Issue #54)
 - Added `pdfioFileCreateNumberObj` and `pdfioFileCreateStringObj` functions
@@ -45,8 +68,8 @@ v1.2.0 (January 24, 2024)
   65536 in the xref table (Issue #59)
 
 
-v1.1.4 (December 3, 2023)
--------------------------
+v1.1.4 - 2023-12-03
+-------------------
 
 - Fixed detection of encrypted strings that are too short (Issue #52)
 - Fixed a TrueType CMAP decoding bug.
@@ -54,15 +77,15 @@ v1.1.4 (December 3, 2023)
 - Added a ToUnicode map for Unicode text to support text copying.
 
 
-v1.1.3 (November 15, 2023)
---------------------------
+v1.1.3 - 2023-11-15
+-------------------
 
 - Fixed Unicode font support (Issue #16)
 - Fixed missing initializer for 40-bit RC4 encryption (Issue #51)
 
 
-v1.1.2 (October 10, 2023)
--------------------------
+v1.1.2 - 2023-10-10
+-------------------
 
 - Updated `pdfioContentSetDashPattern` to support setting a solid (0 length)
   dash pattern (Issue #41)
@@ -77,15 +100,15 @@ v1.1.2 (October 10, 2023)
   (Issue #48)
 
 
-v1.1.1 (March 20, 2023)
------------------------
+v1.1.1 - 2023-03-20
+-------------------
 
 - CVE-2023-28428: Fixed a potential denial-of-service with corrupt PDF files.
 - Fixed a few build issues.
 
 
-v1.1.0 (February 6, 2023)
--------------------------
+v1.1.0 - 2023-02-06
+-------------------
 
 - CVE-2023-24808: Fixed a potential denial-of-service with corrupt PDF files.
 - Added `pdfioFileCreateTemporary` function (Issue #29)
@@ -99,28 +122,28 @@ v1.1.0 (February 6, 2023)
 - Fixed `pdfioContentMatrixRotate` function.
 
 
-v1.0.1 (March 2, 2022)
-----------------------
+v1.0.1 - 2022-03-02
+-------------------
 
 - Added missing `pdfioPageGetNumStreams` and `pdfioPageOpenStream` functions.
 - Added demo pdfiototext utility.
 - Fixed bug in `pdfioStreamGetToken`.
 
 
-v1.0.0 (December 14, 2021)
---------------------------
+v1.0.0 - 2021-12-14
+-------------------
 
 - First stable release.
 
 
-v1.0rc1 (November 30, 2021)
----------------------------
+v1.0rc1 - 2021-11-30
+--------------------
 
 - Fixed a few stack/buffer overflow bugs discovered via fuzzing.
 
 
-v1.0b2 (November 7, 2021)
--------------------------
+v1.0b2 - 2021-11-07
+-------------------
 
 - Added `pdfioFileCreateOutput` API to support streaming output of PDF
   (Issue #21)
@@ -131,7 +154,7 @@ v1.0b2 (November 7, 2021)
 - Fixed some issues identified by a Coverity scan.
 
 
-v1.0b1 (August 30, 2021)
-------------------------
+v1.0b1 - 2021-08-30
+-------------------
 
 - Initial release

EXAMPLES.md

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+PDFio Examples
+==============
+
+The "examples" subdirectory contains example code showing how to do different
+things with PDFio.
+
+
+code128.c
+---------
+
+This example shows how to embed and use a barcode font.
+
+
+md2pdf.c
+--------
+
+This example shows how to generate pages with multiple fonts, embedded images,
+and headers and footers.

Makefile.in

@@ -258,5 +258,5 @@ clang:
 
 # Analyze code using Cppcheck <http://cppcheck.sourceforge.net>
 cppcheck:
-	cppcheck $(CPPFLAGS) --template=gcc --addon=cert.py --suppressions-list=.cppcheck $(OBJS:.o=.c) 2>cppcheck.log
+	cppcheck $(CPPFLAGS) --template=gcc --suppressions-list=.cppcheck $(OBJS:.o=.c) 2>cppcheck.log
 	test -s cppcheck.log && (echo "$(GHA_ERROR)Cppcheck detected issues."; echo ""; cat cppcheck.log; exit 1) || exit 0

configure

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #! /bin/sh
 # Guess values for system-dependent variables and create Makefiles.
-# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71 for pdfio 1.3.1.
+# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71 for pdfio 1.4.0.
 #
 # Report bugs to <https://github.com/michaelrsweet/pdfio/issues>.
 #
@@ -610,8 +610,8 @@ MAKEFLAGS=
 # Identity of this package.
 PACKAGE_NAME='pdfio'
 PACKAGE_TARNAME='pdfio'
-PACKAGE_VERSION='1.3.1'
-PACKAGE_STRING='pdfio 1.3.1'
+PACKAGE_VERSION='1.4.0'
+PACKAGE_STRING='pdfio 1.4.0'
 PACKAGE_BUGREPORT='https://github.com/michaelrsweet/pdfio/issues'
 PACKAGE_URL='https://www.msweet.org/pdfio'
 
@@ -1293,7 +1293,7 @@ if test "$ac_init_help" = "long"; then
   # Omit some internal or obsolete options to make the list less imposing.
   # This message is too long to be a string in the A/UX 3.1 sh.
   cat <<_ACEOF
-\`configure' configures pdfio 1.3.1 to adapt to many kinds of systems.
+\`configure' configures pdfio 1.4.0 to adapt to many kinds of systems.
 
 Usage: $0 [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...
 
@@ -1359,7 +1359,7 @@ fi
 
 if test -n "$ac_init_help"; then
   case $ac_init_help in
-     short | recursive ) echo "Configuration of pdfio 1.3.1:";;
+     short | recursive ) echo "Configuration of pdfio 1.4.0:";;
    esac
   cat <<\_ACEOF
 
@@ -1456,7 +1456,7 @@ fi
 test -n "$ac_init_help" && exit $ac_status
 if $ac_init_version; then
   cat <<\_ACEOF
-pdfio configure 1.3.1
+pdfio configure 1.4.0
 generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71
 
 Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -1612,7 +1612,7 @@ cat >config.log <<_ACEOF
 This file contains any messages produced by compilers while
 running configure, to aid debugging if configure makes a mistake.
 
-It was created by pdfio $as_me 1.3.1, which was
+It was created by pdfio $as_me 1.4.0, which was
 generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71.  Invocation command line was
 
   $ $0$ac_configure_args_raw
@@ -2368,9 +2368,9 @@ ac_compiler_gnu=$ac_cv_c_compiler_gnu
 
 
 
-PDFIO_VERSION="1.3.1"
-PDFIO_VERSION_MAJOR="`echo 1.3.1 | awk -F. '{print $1}'`"
-PDFIO_VERSION_MINOR="`echo 1.3.1 | awk -F. '{printf("%d\n",$2);}'`"
+PDFIO_VERSION="1.4.0"
+PDFIO_VERSION_MAJOR="`echo 1.4.0 | awk -F. '{print $1}'`"
+PDFIO_VERSION_MINOR="`echo 1.4.0 | awk -F. '{printf("%d\n",$2);}'`"
 
 
 
@@ -4935,7 +4935,7 @@ cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
 # report actual input values of CONFIG_FILES etc. instead of their
 # values after options handling.
 ac_log="
-This file was extended by pdfio $as_me 1.3.1, which was
+This file was extended by pdfio $as_me 1.4.0, which was
 generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71.  Invocation command line was
 
   CONFIG_FILES    = $CONFIG_FILES
@@ -4991,7 +4991,7 @@ ac_cs_config_escaped=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_cs_config" | sed "s/^ //; s/'/'\\\\\\\\
 cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
 ac_cs_config='$ac_cs_config_escaped'
 ac_cs_version="\\
-pdfio config.status 1.3.1
+pdfio config.status 1.4.0
 configured by $0, generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71,
   with options \\"\$ac_cs_config\\"
 

configure.ac

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ AC_PREREQ([2.70])
 
 
 dnl Package name and version...
-AC_INIT([pdfio], [1.3.1], [https://github.com/michaelrsweet/pdfio/issues], [pdfio], [https://www.msweet.org/pdfio])
+AC_INIT([pdfio], [1.4.0], [https://github.com/michaelrsweet/pdfio/issues], [pdfio], [https://www.msweet.org/pdfio])
 
 PDFIO_VERSION="AC_PACKAGE_VERSION"
 PDFIO_VERSION_MAJOR="`echo AC_PACKAGE_VERSION | awk -F. '{print $1}'`"

doc/pdfio.3

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.TH pdfio 3 "pdf read/write library" "2024-08-05" "pdf read/write library"
+.TH pdfio 3 "pdf read/write library" "2024-12-19" "pdf read/write library"
 .SH NAME
 pdfio \- pdf read/write library
 .SH Introduction
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ ZLIB (https://www.zlib.net) 1.0 or higher
 
 .PP
 IDE files for Xcode (macOS/iOS) and Visual Studio (Windows) are also provided.
-.SS Installing pdfio
+.SS Installing PDFio
 .PP
 PDFio comes with a configure script that creates a portable makefile that will work on any POSIX\-compliant system with ZLIB installed. To make it, run:
 .nf
@@ -138,6 +138,143 @@ PDFio also provides PDF content helper functions for producing PDF content that
 
     #include <pdfio\-content.h>
 .fi
+.SS Understanding PDF Files
+.PP
+A PDF file provides data and commands for displaying pages of graphics and text, and is structured in a way that allows it to be displayed in the same way across multiple devices and platforms. The following is a PDF which shows "Hello, World!" on one page:
+.nf
+
+    %PDF\-1.0                        % Header starts here
+    %âãÏÓ
+    1 0 obj                         % Body starts here
+    <<
+    /Kids [2 0 R]
+    /Count 1
+    /Type /Pages
+    >>
+    endobj
+    2 0 obj
+    <<
+    /Rotate 0
+    /Parent 1 0 R
+    /Resources 3 0 R
+    /MediaBox [0 0 612 792]
+    /Contents [4 0 R]/Type /Page
+    >>
+    endobj
+    3 0 obj
+    <<
+    /Font
+    <<
+    /F0
+    <<
+    /BaseFont /Times\-Italic
+    /Subtype /Type1
+    /Type /Font
+    >>
+    >>
+    >>
+    endobj
+    4 0 obj
+    <<
+    /Length 65
+    >>
+    stream
+    1. 0. 0. 1. 50. 700. cm
+    BT
+      /F0 36. Tf
+      (Hello, World!) Tj
+    ET
+    endstream
+    endobj
+    5 0 obj
+    <<
+    /Pages 1 0 R
+    /Type /Catalog
+    >>
+    endobj
+    xref                            % Cross\-reference table starts here
+    0 6
+    0000000000 65535 f
+    0000000015 00000 n
+    0000000074 00000 n
+    0000000192 00000 n
+    0000000291 00000 n
+    0000000409 00000 n
+    trailer                         % Trailer starts here
+    <<
+    /Root 5 0 R
+    /Size 6
+    >>
+    startxref
+    459
+    %%EOF
+.fi
+.PP
+Header
+.PP
+The header is the first line of a PDF file that specifies the version of the PDF format that has been used, for example %PDF\-1.0\.
+.PP
+Since PDF files almost always contain binary data, they can become corrupted if line endings are changed. For example, if the file is transferred using FTP in text mode or is edited in Notepad on Windows. To allow legacy file transfer programs to determine that the file is binary, the PDF standard recommends including some bytes with character codes higher than 127 in the header, for example:
+.nf
+
+    %âãÏÓ
+.fi
+.PP
+The percent sign indicates a comment line while the other few bytes are arbitrary character codes in excess of 127. So, the whole header in our example is:
+.nf
+
+    %PDF\-1.0
+    %âãÏÓ
+.fi
+.PP
+Body
+.PP
+The file body consists of a sequence of objects, each preceded by an object number, generation number, and the obj keyword on one line, and followed by the endobj keyword on another. For example:
+.nf
+
+    1 0 obj
+    <<
+    /Kids [2 0 R]
+    /Count 1
+    /Type /Pages
+    >>
+    endobj
+.fi
+.PP
+In this example, the object number is 1 and the generation number is 0, meaning it is the first version of the object. The content for object 1 is between the initial 1 0 obj and trailing endobj lines. In this case, the content is the dictionary <</Kids [2 0 R] /Count 1 /Type /Pages>>\.
+.PP
+Cross\-Reference Table
+.PP
+The cross\-reference table lists the byte offset of each object in the file body. This allows random access to objects, meaning they don't have to be read in order. Objects that are not used are never read, making the process efficient. Operations like counting the number of pages in a PDF document are fast, even in large files.
+.PP
+Each object has an object number and a generation number. Generation numbers are used when a cross\-reference table entry is reused. For simplicity, we will assume generation numbers to be always zero and ignore them. The cross\-reference table consists of a header line that indicates the number of entries, a free entry line for object 0, and a line for each of the objects in the file body. For example:
+.nf
+
+    0 6                             % Six entries in table, starting at 0
+    0000000000 65535 f              % Free entry for object 0
+    0000000015 00000 n              % Object 1 is at byte offset 15
+    0000000074 00000 n              % Object 2 is at byte offset 74
+    0000000192 00000 n              % etc...
+    0000000291 00000 n
+    0000000409 00000 n              % Object 5 is at byte offset 409
+.fi
+.PP
+Trailer
+.PP
+The first line of the trailer is just the trailer keyword. This is followed by the trailer dictionary which contains at least the /Size entry specifying the number of entries in the cross\-reference table and the /Root entry which references the object for the document catalog which is the root element of the graph of objects in the body.
+.PP
+There follows a line with just the startxref keyword, a line with a single number specifying the byte offset of the start of the cross\-reference table within the file, and then the line %%EOF which signals the end of the PDF file.
+.nf
+
+    trailer                         % Trailer keyword
+    <<                              % The trailer dictinonary
+    /Root 5 0 R
+    /Size 6
+    >>
+    startxref                       % startxref keyword
+    459                             % Byte offset of cross\-reference table
+    %%EOF                           % End\-of\-file marker
+.fi
 .SH API Overview
 .PP
 PDFio exposes several types:
@@ -167,8 +304,9 @@ pdfio_stream_t: An object stream
 You open an existing PDF file using the pdfioFileOpen function:
 .nf
 
-    pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileOpen("myinputfile.pdf", password_cb, password_data,
-                                      error_cb, error_data);
+    pdfio_file_t *pdf =
+        pdfioFileOpen("myinputfile.pdf", password_cb, password_data,
+                      error_cb, error_data);
 .fi
 .PP
 where the five arguments to the function are the filename ("myinputfile.pdf"), an optional password callback function (password_cb) and data pointer value (password_data), and an optional error callback function (error_cb) and data pointer value (error_data). The password callback is called for encrypted PDF files that are not using the default password, for example:
@@ -218,7 +356,90 @@ Each PDF file contains one or more pages. The pdfioFileGetNumPages function retu
     }
 .fi
 .PP
-Each page is represented by a "page tree" object (what pdfioFileGetPage returns) that specifies information about the page and one or more "content" objects that contain the images, fonts, text, and graphics that appear on the page. Use the pdfioPageGetNumStreams and pdfioPageOpenStream functions to access the content streams for each page.
+Each page is represented by a "page tree" object (what pdfioFileGetPage returns) that specifies information about the page and one or more "content" objects that contain the images, fonts, text, and graphics that appear on the page. Use the pdfioPageGetNumStreams and pdfioPageOpenStream functions to access the content streams for each page, and pdfioObjGetDict to get the associated page object dictionary. For example, if you want to display the media and crop boxes for a given page:
+.nf
+
+    pdfio_file_t  *pdf;             // PDF file
+    size_t        i;                // Looping var
+    size_t        count;            // Number of pages
+    pdfio_obj_t   *page;            // Current page
+    pdfio_dict_t  *dict;            // Current page dictionary
+    pdfio_array_t *media_box;       // MediaBox array
+    double        media_values[4];  // MediaBox values
+    pdfio_array_t *crop_box;        // CropBox array
+    double        crop_values[4];   // CropBox values
+    
+    // Iterate the pages in the PDF file
+    for (i = 0, count = pdfioFileGetNumPages(pdf); i < count; i ++)
+    {
+      page = pdfioFileGetPage(pdf, i);
+      dict = pdfioObjGetDict(page);
+    
+      media_box       = pdfioDictGetArray(dict, "MediaBox");
+      media_values[0] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(media_box, 0);
+      media_values[1] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(media_box, 1);
+      media_values[2] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(media_box, 2);
+      media_values[3] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(media_box, 3);
+    
+      crop_box       = pdfioDictGetArray(dict, "CropBox");
+      crop_values[0] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(crop_box, 0);
+      crop_values[1] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(crop_box, 1);
+      crop_values[2] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(crop_box, 2);
+      crop_values[3] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(crop_box, 3);
+    
+      printf("Page %u: MediaBox=[%g %g %g %g], CropBox=[%g %g %g %g]\\n",
+             (unsigned)(i + 1),
+             media_values[0], media_values[1], media_values[2], media_values[3],
+             crop_values[0], crop_values[1], crop_values[2], crop_values[3]);
+    }
+.fi
+.PP
+Page object dictionaries have several (mostly optional) key/value pairs, including:
+.IP \(bu 5
+.PP
+"Annots": An array of annotation dictionaries for the page; use pdfioDictGetArray to get the array
+
+.IP \(bu 5
+.PP
+"CropBox": The crop box as an array of four numbers for the left, bottom, right, and top coordinates of the target media; use pdfioDictGetArray to get a pointer to the array of numbers
+
+.IP \(bu 5
+.PP
+"Dur": The number of seconds the page should be displayed; use pdfioDictGetNumber to get the page duration value
+
+.IP \(bu 5
+.PP
+"Group": The dictionary of transparency group values for the page; use pdfioDictGetDict to get a pointer to the resources dictionary
+
+.IP \(bu 5
+.PP
+"LastModified": The date and time when this page was last modified; use pdfioDictGetDate to get the Unix time_t value
+
+.IP \(bu 5
+.PP
+"Parent": The parent page tree node object for this page; use pdfioDictGetObj to get a pointer to the object
+
+.IP \(bu 5
+.PP
+"MediaBox": The media box as an array of four numbers for the left, bottom, right, and top coordinates of the target media; use pdfioDictGetArray to get a pointer to the array of numbers
+
+.IP \(bu 5
+.PP
+"Resources": The dictionary of resources for the page; use pdfioDictGetDict to get a pointer to the resources dictionary
+
+.IP \(bu 5
+.PP
+"Rotate": A number indicating the number of degrees of counter\-clockwise rotation to apply to the page when viewing; use pdfioDictGetNumber to get the rotation angle
+
+.IP \(bu 5
+.PP
+"Thumb": A thumbnail image object for the page; use pdfioDictGetObj to get a pointer to the thumbnail image object
+
+.IP \(bu 5
+.PP
+"Trans": The page transition dictionary; use pdfioDictGetDict to get a pointer to the dictionary
+
+
 .PP
 The pdfioFileClose function closes a PDF file and frees all memory that was used for it:
 .nf
@@ -233,7 +454,9 @@ You create a new PDF file using the pdfioFileCreate function:
     pdfio_rect_t media_box = { 0.0, 0.0, 612.0, 792.0 };  // US Letter
     pdfio_rect_t crop_box = { 36.0, 36.0, 576.0, 756.0 }; // w/0.5" margins
     
-    pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate("myoutputfile.pdf", "2.0", &media_box, &crop_box, error_cb, error_data);
+    pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate("myoutputfile.pdf", "2.0",
+                                        &media_box, &crop_box,
+                                        error_cb, error_data);
 .fi
 .PP
 where the six arguments to the function are the filename ("myoutputfile.pdf"), PDF version ("2.0"), media box (media_box), crop box (crop_box), an optional error callback function (error_cb), and an optional pointer value for the error callback function (error_data). The units for the media and crop boxes are points (1/72nd of an inch).
@@ -244,7 +467,9 @@ Alternately you can stream a PDF file using the pdfioFileCreateOutput function:
     pdfio_rect_t media_box = { 0.0, 0.0, 612.0, 792.0 };  // US Letter
     pdfio_rect_t crop_box = { 36.0, 36.0, 576.0, 756.0 }; // w/0.5" margins
     
-    pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreateOutput(output_cb, output_ctx, "2.0", &media_box, &crop_box, error_cb, error_data);
+    pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreateOutput(output_cb, output_ctx, "2.0",
+                                              &media_box, &crop_box,
+                                              error_cb, error_data);
 .fi
 .PP
 Once the file is created, use the pdfioFileCreateObj, pdfioFileCreatePage, and pdfioPageCopy functions to create objects and pages in the file.
@@ -427,13 +652,16 @@ PDFio also includes predefined constants for creating a few standard color space
     pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
     
     // Create an AdobeRGB color array
-    pdfio_array_t *adobe_rgb = pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, 3, PDFIO_CS_ADOBE);
+    pdfio_array_t *adobe_rgb =
+        pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, 3, PDFIO_CS_ADOBE);
     
     // Create an Display P3 color array
-    pdfio_array_t *display_p3 = pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, 3, PDFIO_CS_P3_D65);
+    pdfio_array_t *display_p3 =
+        pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, 3, PDFIO_CS_P3_D65);
     
     // Create an sRGB color array
-    pdfio_array_t *srgb = pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, 3, PDFIO_CS_SRGB);
+    pdfio_array_t *srgb =
+        pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, 3, PDFIO_CS_SRGB);
 .fi
 .PP
 Font Object Functions
@@ -497,25 +725,27 @@ PDF supports many kinds of fonts, including PostScript Type1, PDF Type3, TrueTyp
 
 
 .PP
-PDFio always uses the Windows CP1252 subset of Unicode for these fonts.
+Except for Symbol and ZapfDingbats (which use a custom 8\-bit character set), PDFio always uses the Windows CP1252 subset of Unicode for these fonts.
 .PP
 The second function is pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile which creates a font object from a TrueType/OpenType font file, for example:
 .nf
 
     pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
-    pdfio_obj_t *arial = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, "OpenSans\-Regular.ttf", false);
+    pdfio_obj_t *arial =
+        pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, "OpenSans\-Regular.ttf", false);
 .fi
 .PP
 will embed an OpenSans Regular TrueType font using the Windows CP1252 subset of Unicode. Pass true for the third argument to embed it as a Unicode CID font instead, for example:
 .nf
 
     pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
-    pdfio_obj_t *arial = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, "NotoSansJP\-Regular.otf", true);
+    pdfio_obj_t *arial =
+        pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, "NotoSansJP\-Regular.otf", true);
 .fi
 .PP
 will embed the NotoSansJP Regular OpenType font with full support for Unicode.
 .PP
-Note: Not all fonts support Unicode.
+Note: Not all fonts support Unicode, and most do not contain a full complement of Unicode characters. pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile does not perform any character subsetting, so the entire font file is embedded in the PDF file.
 
 .PP
 Image Object Functions
@@ -525,7 +755,11 @@ PDF supports images with many different color spaces and bit depths with optiona
 
     pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
     unsigned char data[1024 * 1024 * 4]; // 1024x1024 RGBA image data
-    pdfio_obj_t *img = pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData(pdf, data, /*width*/1024, /*height*/1024, /*num_colors*/3, /*color_data*/NULL, /*alpha*/true, /*interpolate*/false);
+    pdfio_obj_t *img =
+        pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData(pdf, data, /*width*/1024,
+                                        /*height*/1024, /*num_colors*/3,
+                                        /*color_data*/NULL, /*alpha*/true,
+                                        /*interpolate*/false);
 .fi
 .PP
 will create an object for a 1024x1024 RGBA image in memory, using the default color space for 3 colors ("DeviceRGB"). We can use one of the color space functions to use a specific color space for this image, for example:
@@ -534,11 +768,19 @@ will create an object for a 1024x1024 RGBA image in memory, using the default co
     pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
     
     // Create an AdobeRGB color array
-    pdfio_array_t *adobe_rgb = pdfioArrayCreateColorFromMatrix(pdf, 3, pdfioAdobeRGBGamma, pdfioAdobeRGBMatrix, pdfioAdobeRGBWhitePoint);
+    pdfio_array_t *adobe_rgb =
+        pdfioArrayCreateColorFromMatrix(pdf, 3, pdfioAdobeRGBGamma,
+                                        pdfioAdobeRGBMatrix,
+                                        pdfioAdobeRGBWhitePoint);
     
     // Create a 1024x1024 RGBA image using AdobeRGB
     unsigned char data[1024 * 1024 * 4]; // 1024x1024 RGBA image data
-    pdfio_obj_t *img = pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData(pdf, data, /*width*/1024, /*height*/1024, /*num_colors*/3, /*color_data*/adobe_rgb, /*alpha*/true, /*interpolate*/false);
+    pdfio_obj_t *img =
+        pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData(pdf, data, /*width*/1024,
+                                        /*height*/1024, /*num_colors*/3,
+                                        /*color_data*/adobe_rgb,
+                                        /*alpha*/true,
+                                        /*interpolate*/false);
 .fi
 .PP
 The "interpolate" argument specifies whether the colors in the image should be smoothed/interpolated when scaling. This is most useful for photographs but should be false for screenshot and barcode images.
@@ -547,8 +789,13 @@ If you have a JPEG or PNG file, use the pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile function
 .nf
 
     pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
-    pdfio_obj_t *img = pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile(pdf, "myphoto.jpg", /*interpolate*/true);
+    pdfio_obj_t *img =
+        pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile(pdf, "myphoto.jpg",
+                                        /*interpolate*/true);
 .fi
+.PP
+Note: Currently pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile does not support 12 bit JPEG files or PNG files with an alpha channel.
+
 .PP
 Page Dictionary Functions
 .PP
@@ -790,31 +1037,44 @@ pdfioContentTextShowJustified draws an array of literal strings with offsets bet
 .SH Examples
 .SS Read PDF Metadata
 .PP
-The following example function will open a PDF file and print the title, author, creation date, and number of pages:
+The pdfioinfo.c example program opens a PDF file and prints the title, author, creation date, and number of pages:
 .nf
 
     #include <pdfio.h>
     #include <time.h>
     
     
-    void
-    show_pdf_info(const char *filename)
+    int                                     // O \- Exit status
+    main(int  argc,                         // I \- Number of command\-line arguments
+         char *argv[])                      // Command\-line arguments
     {
-      pdfio_file_t *pdf;
-      time_t       creation_date;
-      struct tm    *creation_tm;
-      char         creation_text[256];
+      const char    *filename;              // PDF filename
+      pdfio_file_t  *pdf;                   // PDF file
+      time_t        creation_date;          // Creation date
+      struct tm     *creation_tm;           // Creation date/time information
+      char          creation_text[256];     // Creation date/time as a string
     
     
+      // Get the filename from the command\-line...
+      if (argc != 2)
+      {
+        fputs("Usage: ./pdfioinfo FILENAME.pdf\\n", stderr);
+        return (1);
+      }
+    
+      filename = argv[1];
+    
       // Open the PDF file with the default callbacks...
-      pdf = pdfioFileOpen(filename, /*password_cb*/NULL, /*password_cbdata*/NULL, /*error_cb*/NULL, /*error_cbdata*/NULL);
+      pdf = pdfioFileOpen(filename, /*password_cb*/NULL,
+                          /*password_cbdata*/NULL, /*error_cb*/NULL,
+                          /*error_cbdata*/NULL);
       if (pdf == NULL)
-        return;
+        return (1);
     
       // Get the creation date and convert to a string...
       creation_date = pdfioFileGetCreationDate(pdf);
       creation_tm   = localtime(&creation_date);
-      strftime(creation_text, sizeof(creation_text), "%c", &creation_tm);
+      strftime(creation_text, sizeof(creation_text), "%c", creation_tm);
     
       // Print file information to stdout...
       printf("%s:\\n", filename);
@@ -825,11 +1085,13 @@ The following example function will open a PDF file and print the title, author,
     
       // Close the PDF file...
       pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+    
+      return (0);
     }
 .fi
 .SS Create PDF File With Text and Image
 .PP
-The following example function will create a PDF file, embed a base font and the named JPEG or PNG image file, and then creates a page with the image centered on the page with the text centered below:
+The image2pdf.c example code creates a PDF file containing a JPEG or PNG image file and optional caption on a single page. The create_pdf_image_file function creates the PDF file, embeds a base font and the named JPEG or PNG image file, and then creates a page with the image centered on the page with any text centered below:
 .nf
 
     #include <pdfio.h>
@@ -837,28 +1099,47 @@ The following example function will create a PDF file, embed a base font and the
     #include <string.h>
     
     
-    void
-    create_pdf_image_file(const char *pdfname, const char *imagename, const char *caption)
+    bool                                    // O \- True on success, false on failure
+    create_pdf_image_file(
+        const char *pdfname,                // I \- PDF filename
+        const char *imagename,              // I \- Image filename
+        const char *caption)                // I \- Caption filename
     {
-      pdfio_file_t   *pdf;
-      pdfio_obj_t    *font;
-      pdfio_obj_t    *image;
-      pdfio_dict_t   *dict;
-      pdfio_stream_t *page;
-      double         width, height;
-      double         swidth, sheight;
-      double         tx, ty;
+      pdfio_file_t   *pdf;                  // PDF file
+      pdfio_obj_t    *font;                 // Caption font
+      pdfio_obj_t    *image;                // Image
+      pdfio_dict_t   *dict;                 // Page dictionary
+      pdfio_stream_t *page;                 // Page stream
+      double         width, height;         // Width and height of image
+      double         swidth, sheight;       // Scaled width and height on page
+      double         tx, ty;                // Position on page
     
     
       // Create the PDF file...
-      pdf = pdfioFileCreate(pdfname, /*version*/NULL, /*media_box*/NULL, /*crop_box*/NULL, /*error_cb*/NULL, /*error_cbdata*/NULL);
+      pdf = pdfioFileCreate(pdfname, /*version*/NULL, /*media_box*/NULL,
+                            /*crop_box*/NULL, /*error_cb*/NULL,
+                            /*error_cbdata*/NULL);
+      if (!pdf)
+        return (false);
     
       // Create a Courier base font for the caption
       font = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromBase(pdf, "Courier");
     
+      if (!font)
+      {
+        pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+        return (false);
+      }
+    
       // Create an image object from the JPEG/PNG image file...
       image = pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile(pdf, imagename, true);
     
+      if (!image)
+      {
+        pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+        return (false);
+      }
+    
       // Create a page dictionary with the font and image...
       dict = pdfioDictCreate(pdf);
       pdfioPageDictAddFont(dict, "F1", font);
@@ -871,9 +1152,9 @@ The following example function will create a PDF file, embed a base font and the
       width  = pdfioImageGetWidth(image);
       height = pdfioImageGetHeight(image);
     
-      // Default media_box is "universal" 595.28x792 points (8.27x11in or 210x279mm)
-      // Use margins of 36 points (0.5in or 12.7mm) with another 36 points for the
-      // caption underneath...
+      // Default media_box is "universal" 595.28x792 points (8.27x11in or
+      // 210x279mm).  Use margins of 36 points (0.5in or 12.7mm) with another
+      // 36 points for the caption underneath...
       swidth  = 595.28 \- 72.0;
       sheight = swidth * height / width;
       if (sheight > (792.0 \- 36.0 \- 72.0))
@@ -890,8 +1171,8 @@ The following example function will create a PDF file, embed a base font and the
       // Draw the caption in black...
       pdfioContentSetFillColorDeviceGray(page, 0.0);
     
-      // Compute the starting point for the text \- Courier is monospaced with a
-      // nominal width of 0.6 times the text height...
+      // Compute the starting point for the text \- Courier is monospaced
+      // with a nominal width of 0.6 times the text height...
       tx = 0.5 * (595.28 \- 18.0 * 0.6 * strlen(caption));
     
       // Position and draw the caption underneath...
@@ -904,8 +1185,159 @@ The following example function will create a PDF file, embed a base font and the
       // Close the page stream and the PDF file...
       pdfioStreamClose(page);
       pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+    
+      return (true);
     }
 .fi
+.SS Generate a Code 128 Barcode
+.PP
+One\-dimensional barcodes are often rendered using special fonts that map ASCII characters to sequences of bars that can be read. The examples directory contains such a font (code128.ttf) to create "Code 128" barcodes, with an accompanying bit of example code in code128.c\.
+.PP
+The first thing you need to do is prepare the barcode string to use with the font. Each barcode begins with a start pattern followed by the characters or digits you want to encode, a weighted sum digit, and a stop pattern. The make_code128 function creates this string:
+.nf
+
+    static char *                           // O \- Output string
+    make_code128(char       *dst,           // I \- Destination buffer
+                 const char *src,           // I \- Source string
+                 size_t     dstsize)        // I \- Size of destination buffer
+    {
+      char          *dstptr,                // Pointer into destination buffer
+                    *dstend;                // End of destination buffer
+      int           sum;                    // Weighted sum
+      static const char *code128_chars =    // Code 128 characters
+                    " !\\"#$%&'()*+,\-./0123456789:;<=>?"
+                    "@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\\\]^_"
+                    "`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~\\303"
+                    "\\304\\305\\306\\307\\310\\311\\312";
+      static const char code128_start_code_b = '\\314';
+                                            // Start code B
+      static const char code128_stop = '\\316';
+                                            // Stop pattern
+    
+    
+      // Start a Code B barcode...
+      dstptr = dst;
+      dstend = dst + dstsize \- 3;
+    
+      *dstptr++ = code128_start_code_b;
+      sum       = code128_start_code_b \- 100;
+    
+      while (*src && dstptr < dstend)
+      {
+        if (*src >= ' ' && *src < 0x7f)
+        {
+          sum       += (dstptr \- dst) * (*src \- ' ');
+          *dstptr++ = *src;
+        }
+    
+        src ++;
+      }
+    
+      // Add the weighted sum modulo 103
+      *dstptr++ = code128_chars[sum % 103];
+    
+      // Add the stop pattern and return...
+      *dstptr++ = code128_stop;
+      *dstptr   = '\\0';
+    
+      return (dst);
+    }
+.fi
+.PP
+The main function does the rest of the work. The barcode font is imported using the pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile function. We pass false for the "unicode" argument since we just want the (default) ASCII encoding:
+.nf
+
+    barcode_font = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, "code128.ttf",
+                                                  /*unicode*/false);
+.fi
+.PP
+Since barcodes usually have the number or text represented by the barcode printed underneath it, we also need a regular text font, for which we can choose one of the standard 14 PostScript base fonts using the pdfioFIleCreateFontObjFromBase function:
+.nf
+
+    text_font = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromBase(pdf, "Helvetica");
+.fi
+.PP
+Once we have these fonts we can measure the barcode and regular text labels using the pdfioContentTextMeasure function to determine how large the PDF page needs to be to hold the barcode and text:
+.nf
+
+    // Compute sizes of the text...
+    const char *barcode = argv[1];
+    char barcode_temp[256];
+    
+    if (!(barcode[0] & 0x80))
+      barcode = make_code128(barcode_temp, barcode, sizeof(barcode_temp));
+    
+    double barcode_height = 36.0;
+    double barcode_width =
+        pdfioContentTextMeasure(barcode_font, barcode, barcode_height);
+    
+    const char *text = argv[2];
+    double text_height = 0.0;
+    double text_width = 0.0;
+    
+    if (text && text_font)
+    {
+      text_height = 9.0;
+      text_width  = pdfioContentTextMeasure(text_font, text,
+                                            text_height);
+    }
+    
+    // Compute the size of the PDF page...
+    pdfio_rect_t media_box;
+    
+    media_box.x1 = 0.0;
+    media_box.y1 = 0.0;
+    media_box.x2 = (barcode_width > text_width ?
+                        barcode_width : text_width) + 18.0;
+    media_box.y2 = barcode_height + text_height + 18.0;
+.fi
+.PP
+Finally, we just need to create a page of the specified size that references the two fonts:
+.nf
+
+    // Start a page for the barcode...
+    page_dict = pdfioDictCreate(pdf);
+    
+    pdfioDictSetRect(page_dict, "MediaBox", &media_box);
+    pdfioDictSetRect(page_dict, "CropBox", &media_box);
+    
+    pdfioPageDictAddFont(page_dict, "B128", barcode_font);
+    if (text_font)
+      pdfioPageDictAddFont(page_dict, "TEXT", text_font);
+    
+    page_st = pdfioFileCreatePage(pdf, page_dict);
+.fi
+.PP
+With the barcode font called "B128" and the text font called "TEXT", we can use them to draw two strings:
+.nf
+
+    // Draw the page...
+    pdfioContentSetFillColorGray(page_st, 0.0);
+    
+    pdfioContentSetTextFont(page_st, "B128", barcode_height);
+    pdfioContentTextBegin(page_st);
+    pdfioContentTextMoveTo(page_st, 0.5 * (media_box.x2 \- barcode_width),
+                           9.0 + text_height);
+    pdfioContentTextShow(page_st, /*unicode*/false, barcode);
+    pdfioContentTextEnd(page_st);
+    
+    if (text && text_font)
+    {
+      pdfioContentSetTextFont(page_st, "TEXT", text_height);
+      pdfioContentTextBegin(page_st);
+      pdfioContentTextMoveTo(page_st, 0.5 * (media_box.x2 \- text_width), 9.0);
+      pdfioContentTextShow(page_st, /*unicode*/false, text);
+      pdfioContentTextEnd(page_st);
+    }
+    
+    pdfioStreamClose(page_st);
+.fi
+.SS Convert Markdown to PDF
+.PP
+Markdown is a simple plain text format that supports things like headings, links, character styles, tables, and embedded images. The md2pdf.c example code uses the mmd library to convert markdown to a PDF file that can be distributed.
+.PP
+Note: The md2pdf example is by far the most complex example code included with PDFio and shows how to layout text, add headers and footers, add links, embed images, and format tables.
+
 
 .SH ENUMERATIONS
 .SS pdfio_cs_e
@@ -1404,6 +1836,15 @@ pdfio_valtype_t  pdfioArrayGetType (
     size_t n
 );
 .fi
+.SS pdfioArrayRemove
+Remove an array entry.
+.PP
+.nf
+bool  pdfioArrayRemove (
+    pdfio_array_t *a,
+    size_t n
+);
+.fi
 .SS pdfioContentClip
 Clip output to the current path.
 .PP
@@ -1984,6 +2425,15 @@ bool  pdfioContentTextShowf (
     ...
 );
 .fi
+.SS pdfioDictClear
+Remove a key/value pair from a dictionary.
+.PP
+.nf
+bool  pdfioDictClear (
+    pdfio_dict_t *dict,
+    const char *key
+);
+.fi
 .SS pdfioDictCopy
 Copy a dictionary to a PDF file.
 .PP
@@ -2047,6 +2497,15 @@ pdfio_dict_t * pdfioDictGetDict (
     const char *key
 );
 .fi
+.SS pdfioDictGetKey
+Get the key for the specified pair.
+.PP
+.nf
+const char * pdfioDictGetKey (
+    pdfio_dict_t *dict,
+    size_t n
+);
+.fi
 .SS pdfioDictGetName
 Get a key name value from a dictionary.
 .PP
@@ -2056,6 +2515,14 @@ const char * pdfioDictGetName (
     const char *key
 );
 .fi
+.SS pdfioDictGetNumPairs
+Get the number of key/value pairs in a dictionary.
+.PP
+.nf
+size_t  pdfioDictGetNumPairs (
+    pdfio_dict_t *dict
+);
+.fi
 .SS pdfioDictGetNumber
 Get a key number value from a dictionary.
 .PP
@@ -2338,8 +2805,9 @@ specifies the font nane:
 .IP \(bu 5
 "ZapfDingbats"
 .PP
-Base fonts always use the Windows CP1252 (ISO-8859-1 with additional
-characters such as the Euro symbol) subset of Unicode.
+Aside from "Symbol" and "Zapf-Dingbats", Base fonts use the Windows CP1252
+(ISO-8859-1 with additional characters such as the Euro symbol) subset of
+Unicode.
 .SS pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile
 Add a font object to a PDF file.
 .PP
@@ -2417,6 +2885,18 @@ Note: Currently PNG support is limited to grayscale, RGB, or indexed files
 without interlacing or alpha.  Transparency (masking) based on color/index
 .IP 5
 is supported.
+.SS pdfioFileCreateNameObj
+Create a new object in a PDF file containing a name.
+.PP
+.nf
+pdfio_obj_t * pdfioFileCreateNameObj (
+    pdfio_file_t *pdf,
+    const char *name
+);
+.fi
+.PP
+This function creates a new object with a name value in a PDF file.
+You must call \fIpdfioObjClose\fR to write the object to the file.
 .SS pdfioFileCreateNumberObj
 Create a new object in a PDF file containing a number.
 .PP
@@ -2853,6 +3333,14 @@ size_t  pdfioObjGetLength (
     pdfio_obj_t *obj
 );
 .fi
+.SS pdfioObjGetName
+Get the name value associated with an object.
+.PP
+.nf
+const char * pdfioObjGetName (
+    pdfio_obj_t *obj
+);
+.fi
 .SS pdfioObjGetNumber
 Get the object's number.
 .PP
@@ -2869,6 +3357,29 @@ const char * pdfioObjGetSubtype (
     pdfio_obj_t *obj
 );
 .fi
+.PP
+This function returns an object's PDF subtype name, if any.  Common subtype
+names include:
+.PP
+.IP \(bu 5
+"CIDFontType0": A CID Type0 font
+.IP \(bu 5
+"CIDFontType2": A CID TrueType font
+.IP \(bu 5
+"Image": An image or image mask
+.IP \(bu 5
+"Form": A fillable form
+.IP \(bu 5
+"OpenType": An OpenType font
+.IP \(bu 5
+"Type0": A composite font
+.IP \(bu 5
+"Type1": A PostScript Type1 font
+.IP \(bu 5
+"Type3": A PDF Type3 font
+.IP \(bu 5
+"TrueType": A TrueType font</li>
+</ul>
 .SS pdfioObjGetType
 Get an object's type.
 .PP
@@ -2877,6 +3388,27 @@ const char * pdfioObjGetType (
     pdfio_obj_t *obj
 );
 .fi
+.PP
+This function returns an object's PDF type name, if any. Common type names
+include:
+.PP
+.IP \(bu 5
+"CMap": A character map for composite fonts
+.IP \(bu 5
+"Font": An embedded font (\fIpdfioObjGetSubtype\fR will tell you the
+  font format)
+.IP \(bu 5
+"FontDescriptor": A font descriptor
+.IP \(bu 5
+"Page": A (visible) page
+.IP \(bu 5
+"Pages": A page tree node
+.IP \(bu 5
+"Template": An invisible template page
+.IP \(bu 5
+"XObject": An image, image mask, or form (\fIpdfioObjGetSubtype\fR will
+  tell you which)</li>
+</ul>
 .SS pdfioObjOpenStream
 Open an object's (data) stream for reading.
 .PP

doc/pdfio.html

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html lang="en-US">
 <head>
-<title>PDFio Programming Manual v1.3.0</title>
+<title>PDFio Programming Manual v1.4.0</title>
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
-<meta name="generator" content="codedoc v3.7">
+<meta name="generator" content="codedoc v3.8">
 <meta name="author" content="Michael R Sweet">
 <meta name="language" content="en-US">
 <meta name="copyright" content="Copyright © 2021-2024 by Michael R Sweet">
-<meta name="version" content="1.3.0">
+<meta name="version" content="1.4.0">
 <style type="text/css"><!--
 body {
   background: white;
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ span.string {
 <body>
 <div class="header">
 <p><img class="title" src="pdfio-512.png"></p>
-<h1 class="title">PDFio Programming Manual v1.3.0</h1>
+<h1 class="title">PDFio Programming Manual v1.4.0</h1>
 <p>Michael R Sweet</p>
 <p>Copyright © 2021-2024 by Michael R Sweet</p>
 </div>
@@ -260,11 +260,12 @@ span.string {
 <ul class="contents">
 <li><a href="#introduction">Introduction</a><ul class="subcontents">
 <li><a href="#requirements">Requirements</a></li>
-<li><a href="#installing-pdfio">Installing pdfio</a></li>
+<li><a href="#installing-pdfio">Installing PDFio</a></li>
 <li><a href="#visual-studio-project">Visual Studio Project</a></li>
 <li><a href="#xcode-project">Xcode Project</a></li>
 <li><a href="#detecting-pdfio">Detecting PDFio</a></li>
 <li><a href="#header-files">Header Files</a></li>
+<li><a href="#understanding-pdf-files">Understanding PDF Files</a></li>
 </ul></li>
 <li><a href="#api-overview">API Overview</a><ul class="subcontents">
 <li><a href="#reading-pdf-files">Reading PDF Files</a></li>
@@ -276,6 +277,8 @@ span.string {
 <li><a href="#examples">Examples</a><ul class="subcontents">
 <li><a href="#read-pdf-metadata">Read PDF Metadata</a></li>
 <li><a href="#create-pdf-file-with-text-and-image">Create PDF File With Text and Image</a></li>
+<li><a href="#generate-a-code-128-barcode">Generate a Code 128 Barcode</a></li>
+<li><a href="#convert-markdown-to-pdf">Convert Markdown to PDF</a></li>
 </ul></li>
 <li><a href="#FUNCTIONS">Functions</a><ul class="subcontents">
 <li><a href="#pdfioArrayAppendArray">pdfioArrayAppendArray</a></li>
@@ -305,6 +308,7 @@ span.string {
 <li><a href="#pdfioArrayGetSize">pdfioArrayGetSize</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioArrayGetString">pdfioArrayGetString</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioArrayGetType">pdfioArrayGetType</a></li>
+<li><a href="#pdfioArrayRemove">pdfioArrayRemove</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioContentClip">pdfioContentClip</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioContentDrawImage">pdfioContentDrawImage</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioContentFill">pdfioContentFill</a></li>
@@ -361,6 +365,7 @@ span.string {
 <li><a href="#pdfioContentTextShow">pdfioContentTextShow</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioContentTextShowJustified">pdfioContentTextShowJustified</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioContentTextShowf">pdfioContentTextShowf</a></li>
+<li><a href="#pdfioDictClear">pdfioDictClear</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioDictCopy">pdfioDictCopy</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioDictCreate">pdfioDictCreate</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioDictGetArray">pdfioDictGetArray</a></li>
@@ -368,7 +373,9 @@ span.string {
 <li><a href="#pdfioDictGetBoolean">pdfioDictGetBoolean</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioDictGetDate">pdfioDictGetDate</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioDictGetDict">pdfioDictGetDict</a></li>
+<li><a href="#pdfioDictGetKey">pdfioDictGetKey</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioDictGetName">pdfioDictGetName</a></li>
+<li><a href="#pdfioDictGetNumPairs">pdfioDictGetNumPairs</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioDictGetNumber">pdfioDictGetNumber</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioDictGetObj">pdfioDictGetObj</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioDictGetRect">pdfioDictGetRect</a></li>
@@ -395,6 +402,7 @@ span.string {
 <li><a href="#pdfioFileCreateICCObjFromFile">pdfioFileCreateICCObjFromFile</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData">pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile">pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile</a></li>
+<li><a href="#pdfioFileCreateNameObj">pdfioFileCreateNameObj</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioFileCreateNumberObj">pdfioFileCreateNumberObj</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioFileCreateObj">pdfioFileCreateObj</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioFileCreateOutput">pdfioFileCreateOutput</a></li>
@@ -436,6 +444,7 @@ span.string {
 <li><a href="#pdfioObjGetDict">pdfioObjGetDict</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioObjGetGeneration">pdfioObjGetGeneration</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioObjGetLength">pdfioObjGetLength</a></li>
+<li><a href="#pdfioObjGetName">pdfioObjGetName</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioObjGetNumber">pdfioObjGetNumber</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioObjGetSubtype">pdfioObjGetSubtype</a></li>
 <li><a href="#pdfioObjGetType">pdfioObjGetType</a></li>
@@ -526,7 +535,7 @@ span.string {
 </li>
 </ul>
 <p>IDE files for Xcode (macOS/iOS) and Visual Studio (Windows) are also provided.</p>
-<h3 class="title" id="installing-pdfio">Installing pdfio</h3>
+<h3 class="title" id="installing-pdfio">Installing PDFio</h3>
 <p>PDFio comes with a configure script that creates a portable makefile that will work on any POSIX-compliant system with ZLIB installed. To make it, run:</p>
 <pre><code>./configure
 make
@@ -572,6 +581,117 @@ LIBS    +=      `pkg-config --libs pdfio`
 <p>PDFio also provides <a href="#pdf-content-helper-functions">PDF content helper functions</a> for producing PDF content that are defined in a separate header file:</p>
 <pre><code class="language-c"><span class="directive">#include &lt;pdfio-content.h&gt;</span>
 </code></pre>
+<h3 class="title" id="understanding-pdf-files">Understanding PDF Files</h3>
+<p>A PDF file provides data and commands for displaying pages of graphics and text, and is structured in a way that allows it to be displayed in the same way across multiple devices and platforms. The following is a PDF which shows &quot;Hello, World!&quot; on one page:</p>
+<pre><code>%PDF-1.0                        % Header starts here
+%âãÏÓ
+1 0 obj                         % Body starts here
+&lt;&lt;
+/Kids [2 0 R]
+/Count 1
+/Type /Pages
+&gt;&gt;
+endobj
+2 0 obj
+&lt;&lt;
+/Rotate 0
+/Parent 1 0 R
+/Resources 3 0 R
+/MediaBox [0 0 612 792]
+/Contents [4 0 R]/Type /Page
+&gt;&gt;
+endobj
+3 0 obj
+&lt;&lt;
+/Font
+&lt;&lt;
+/F0
+&lt;&lt;
+/BaseFont /Times-Italic
+/Subtype /Type1
+/Type /Font
+&gt;&gt;
+&gt;&gt;
+&gt;&gt;
+endobj
+4 0 obj
+&lt;&lt;
+/Length 65
+&gt;&gt;
+stream
+1. 0. 0. 1. 50. 700. cm
+BT
+  /F0 36. Tf
+  (Hello, World!) Tj
+ET
+endstream
+endobj
+5 0 obj
+&lt;&lt;
+/Pages 1 0 R
+/Type /Catalog
+&gt;&gt;
+endobj
+xref                            % Cross-reference table starts here
+0 6
+0000000000 65535 f
+0000000015 00000 n
+0000000074 00000 n
+0000000192 00000 n
+0000000291 00000 n
+0000000409 00000 n
+trailer                         % Trailer starts here
+&lt;&lt;
+/Root 5 0 R
+/Size 6
+&gt;&gt;
+startxref
+459
+%%EOF
+</code></pre>
+<h4 id="header">Header</h4>
+<p>The header is the first line of a PDF file that specifies the version of the PDF format that has been used, for example <code>%PDF-1.0</code>.</p>
+<p>Since PDF files almost always contain binary data, they can become corrupted if line endings are changed. For example, if the file is transferred using FTP in text mode or is edited in Notepad on Windows. To allow legacy file transfer programs to determine that the file is binary, the PDF standard recommends including some bytes with character codes higher than 127 in the header, for example:</p>
+<pre><code>%âãÏÓ
+</code></pre>
+<p>The percent sign indicates a comment line while the other few bytes are arbitrary character codes in excess of 127. So, the whole header in our example is:</p>
+<pre><code>%PDF-1.0
+%âãÏÓ
+</code></pre>
+<h4 id="body">Body</h4>
+<p>The file body consists of a sequence of objects, each preceded by an object number, generation number, and the obj keyword on one line, and followed by the endobj keyword on another. For example:</p>
+<pre><code>1 0 obj
+&lt;&lt;
+/Kids [2 0 R]
+/Count 1
+/Type /Pages
+&gt;&gt;
+endobj
+</code></pre>
+<p>In this example, the object number is 1 and the generation number is 0, meaning it is the first version of the object. The content for object 1 is between the initial <code>1 0 obj</code> and trailing <code>endobj</code> lines. In this case, the content is the dictionary <code>&lt;&lt;/Kids [2 0 R] /Count 1 /Type /Pages&gt;&gt;</code>.</p>
+<h4 id="cross-reference-table">Cross-Reference Table</h4>
+<p>The cross-reference table lists the byte offset of each object in the file body. This allows random access to objects, meaning they don't have to be read in order. Objects that are not used are never read, making the process efficient. Operations like counting the number of pages in a PDF document are fast, even in large files.</p>
+<p>Each object has an object number and a generation number. Generation numbers are used when a cross-reference table entry is reused. For simplicity, we will assume generation numbers to be always zero and ignore them. The cross-reference table consists of a header line that indicates the number of entries, a free entry line for object 0, and a line for each of the objects in the file body. For example:</p>
+<pre><code>0 6                             % Six entries in table, starting at 0
+0000000000 65535 f              % Free entry for object 0
+0000000015 00000 n              % Object 1 is at byte offset 15
+0000000074 00000 n              % Object 2 is at byte offset 74
+0000000192 00000 n              % etc...
+0000000291 00000 n
+0000000409 00000 n              % Object 5 is at byte offset 409
+</code></pre>
+<h4 id="trailer">Trailer</h4>
+<p>The first line of the trailer is just the <code>trailer</code> keyword. This is followed by the trailer dictionary which contains at least the <code>/Size</code> entry specifying the number of entries in the cross-reference table and the <code>/Root</code> entry which references the object for the document catalog which is the root element of the graph of objects in the body.</p>
+<p>There follows a line with just the <code>startxref</code> keyword, a line with a single number specifying the byte offset of the start of the cross-reference table within the file, and then the line <code>%%EOF</code> which signals the end of the PDF file.</p>
+<pre><code>trailer                         % Trailer keyword
+&lt;&lt;                              % The trailer dictinonary
+/Root 5 0 R
+/Size 6
+&gt;&gt;
+startxref                       % startxref keyword
+459                             % Byte offset of cross-reference table
+%%EOF                           % End-of-file marker
+</code></pre>
 <h2 class="title" id="api-overview">API Overview</h2>
 <p>PDFio exposes several types:</p>
 <ul>
@@ -588,8 +708,9 @@ LIBS    +=      `pkg-config --libs pdfio`
 </ul>
 <h3 class="title" id="reading-pdf-files">Reading PDF Files</h3>
 <p>You open an existing PDF file using the <a href="#pdfioFileOpen"><code>pdfioFileOpen</code></a> function:</p>
-<pre><code class="language-c">pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileOpen(<span class="string">&quot;myinputfile.pdf&quot;</span>, password_cb, password_data,
-                                  error_cb, error_data);
+<pre><code class="language-c">pdfio_file_t *pdf =
+    pdfioFileOpen(<span class="string">&quot;myinputfile.pdf&quot;</span>, password_cb, password_data,
+                  error_cb, error_data);
 </code></pre>
 <p>where the five arguments to the function are the filename (&quot;myinputfile.pdf&quot;), an optional password callback function (<code>password_cb</code>) and data pointer value (<code>password_data</code>), and an optional error callback function (<code>error_cb</code>) and data pointer value (<code>error_data</code>). The password callback is called for encrypted PDF files that are not using the default password, for example:</p>
 <pre><code class="language-c"><span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *
@@ -628,7 +749,66 @@ pdfio_obj_t  *page;  <span class="comment">// Current page</span>
   <span class="comment">// do something with page</span>
 }
 </code></pre>
-<p>Each page is represented by a &quot;page tree&quot; object (what <a href="#pdfioFileGetPage"><code>pdfioFileGetPage</code></a> returns) that specifies information about the page and one or more &quot;content&quot; objects that contain the images, fonts, text, and graphics that appear on the page. Use the <a href="#pdfioPageGetNumStreams"><code>pdfioPageGetNumStreams</code></a> and <a href="#pdfioPageOpenStream"><code>pdfioPageOpenStream</code></a> functions to access the content streams for each page.</p>
+<p>Each page is represented by a &quot;page tree&quot; object (what <a href="#pdfioFileGetPage"><code>pdfioFileGetPage</code></a> returns) that specifies information about the page and one or more &quot;content&quot; objects that contain the images, fonts, text, and graphics that appear on the page. Use the <a href="#pdfioPageGetNumStreams"><code>pdfioPageGetNumStreams</code></a> and <a href="#pdfioPageOpenStream"><code>pdfioPageOpenStream</code></a> functions to access the content streams for each page, and <a href="#pdfioObjGetDict"><code>pdfioObjGetDict</code></a> to get the associated page object dictionary. For example, if you want to display the media and crop boxes for a given page:</p>
+<pre><code class="language-c">pdfio_file_t  *pdf;             <span class="comment">// PDF file</span>
+size_t        i;                <span class="comment">// Looping var</span>
+size_t        count;            <span class="comment">// Number of pages</span>
+pdfio_obj_t   *page;            <span class="comment">// Current page</span>
+pdfio_dict_t  *dict;            <span class="comment">// Current page dictionary</span>
+pdfio_array_t *media_box;       <span class="comment">// MediaBox array</span>
+<span class="reserved">double</span>        media_values[<span class="number">4</span>];  <span class="comment">// MediaBox values</span>
+pdfio_array_t *crop_box;        <span class="comment">// CropBox array</span>
+<span class="reserved">double</span>        crop_values[<span class="number">4</span>];   <span class="comment">// CropBox values</span>
+
+<span class="comment">// Iterate the pages in the PDF file</span>
+<span class="reserved">for</span> (i = <span class="number">0</span>, count = pdfioFileGetNumPages(pdf); i &lt; count; i ++)
+{
+  page = pdfioFileGetPage(pdf, i);
+  dict = pdfioObjGetDict(page);
+
+  media_box       = pdfioDictGetArray(dict, <span class="string">&quot;MediaBox&quot;</span>);
+  media_values[<span class="number">0</span>] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(media_box, <span class="number">0</span>);
+  media_values[<span class="number">1</span>] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(media_box, <span class="number">1</span>);
+  media_values[<span class="number">2</span>] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(media_box, <span class="number">2</span>);
+  media_values[<span class="number">3</span>] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(media_box, <span class="number">3</span>);
+
+  crop_box       = pdfioDictGetArray(dict, <span class="string">&quot;CropBox&quot;</span>);
+  crop_values[<span class="number">0</span>] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(crop_box, <span class="number">0</span>);
+  crop_values[<span class="number">1</span>] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(crop_box, <span class="number">1</span>);
+  crop_values[<span class="number">2</span>] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(crop_box, <span class="number">2</span>);
+  crop_values[<span class="number">3</span>] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(crop_box, <span class="number">3</span>);
+
+  printf(<span class="string">&quot;Page %u: MediaBox=[%g %g %g %g], CropBox=[%g %g %g %g]\n&quot;</span>,
+         (<span class="reserved">unsigned</span>)(i + <span class="number">1</span>),
+         media_values[<span class="number">0</span>], media_values[<span class="number">1</span>], media_values[<span class="number">2</span>], media_values[<span class="number">3</span>],
+         crop_values[<span class="number">0</span>], crop_values[<span class="number">1</span>], crop_values[<span class="number">2</span>], crop_values[<span class="number">3</span>]);
+}
+</code></pre>
+<p>Page object dictionaries have several (mostly optional) key/value pairs, including:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><p>&quot;Annots&quot;: An array of annotation dictionaries for the page; use <a href="#pdfioDictGetArray"><code>pdfioDictGetArray</code></a> to get the array</p>
+</li>
+<li><p>&quot;CropBox&quot;: The crop box as an array of four numbers for the left, bottom, right, and top coordinates of the target media; use <a href="#pdfioDictGetArray"><code>pdfioDictGetArray</code></a> to get a pointer to the array of numbers</p>
+</li>
+<li><p>&quot;Dur&quot;: The number of seconds the page should be displayed; use <a href="#pdfioDictGetNumber"><code>pdfioDictGetNumber</code></a> to get the page duration value</p>
+</li>
+<li><p>&quot;Group&quot;: The dictionary of transparency group values for the page; use <a href="#pdfioDictGetDict"><code>pdfioDictGetDict</code></a> to get a pointer to the resources dictionary</p>
+</li>
+<li><p>&quot;LastModified&quot;: The date and time when this page was last modified; use <a href="#pdfioDictGetDate"><code>pdfioDictGetDate</code></a> to get the Unix <code>time_t</code> value</p>
+</li>
+<li><p>&quot;Parent&quot;: The parent page tree node object for this page; use <a href="#pdfioDictGetObj"><code>pdfioDictGetObj</code></a> to get a pointer to the object</p>
+</li>
+<li><p>&quot;MediaBox&quot;: The media box as an array of four numbers for the left, bottom, right, and top coordinates of the target media; use <a href="#pdfioDictGetArray"><code>pdfioDictGetArray</code></a> to get a pointer to the array of numbers</p>
+</li>
+<li><p>&quot;Resources&quot;: The dictionary of resources for the page; use <a href="#pdfioDictGetDict"><code>pdfioDictGetDict</code></a> to get a pointer to the resources dictionary</p>
+</li>
+<li><p>&quot;Rotate&quot;: A number indicating the number of degrees of counter-clockwise rotation to apply to the page when viewing; use <a href="#pdfioDictGetNumber"><code>pdfioDictGetNumber</code></a> to get the rotation angle</p>
+</li>
+<li><p>&quot;Thumb&quot;: A thumbnail image object for the page; use <a href="#pdfioDictGetObj"><code>pdfioDictGetObj</code></a> to get a pointer to the thumbnail image object</p>
+</li>
+<li><p>&quot;Trans&quot;: The page transition dictionary; use <a href="#pdfioDictGetDict"><code>pdfioDictGetDict</code></a> to get a pointer to the dictionary</p>
+</li>
+</ul>
 <p>The <a href="#pdfioFileClose"><code>pdfioFileClose</code></a> function closes a PDF file and frees all memory that was used for it:</p>
 <pre><code class="language-c">pdfioFileClose(pdf);
 </code></pre>
@@ -637,14 +817,18 @@ pdfio_obj_t  *page;  <span class="comment">// Current page</span>
 <pre><code class="language-c">pdfio_rect_t media_box = { <span class="number">0.0</span>, <span class="number">0.0</span>, <span class="number">612.0</span>, <span class="number">792.0</span> };  <span class="comment">// US Letter</span>
 pdfio_rect_t crop_box = { <span class="number">36.0</span>, <span class="number">36.0</span>, <span class="number">576.0</span>, <span class="number">756.0</span> }; <span class="comment">// w/0.5&quot; margins</span>
 
-pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(<span class="string">&quot;myoutputfile.pdf&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;2.0&quot;</span>, &amp;media_box, &amp;crop_box, error_cb, error_data);
+pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(<span class="string">&quot;myoutputfile.pdf&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;2.0&quot;</span>,
+                                    &amp;media_box, &amp;crop_box,
+                                    error_cb, error_data);
 </code></pre>
 <p>where the six arguments to the function are the filename (&quot;myoutputfile.pdf&quot;), PDF version (&quot;2.0&quot;), media box (<code>media_box</code>), crop box (<code>crop_box</code>), an optional error callback function (<code>error_cb</code>), and an optional pointer value for the error callback function (<code>error_data</code>). The units for the media and crop boxes are points (1/72nd of an inch).</p>
 <p>Alternately you can stream a PDF file using the <a href="#pdfioFileCreateOutput"><code>pdfioFileCreateOutput</code></a> function:</p>
 <pre><code class="language-c">pdfio_rect_t media_box = { <span class="number">0.0</span>, <span class="number">0.0</span>, <span class="number">612.0</span>, <span class="number">792.0</span> };  <span class="comment">// US Letter</span>
 pdfio_rect_t crop_box = { <span class="number">36.0</span>, <span class="number">36.0</span>, <span class="number">576.0</span>, <span class="number">756.0</span> }; <span class="comment">// w/0.5&quot; margins</span>
 
-pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreateOutput(output_cb, output_ctx, <span class="string">&quot;2.0&quot;</span>, &amp;media_box, &amp;crop_box, error_cb, error_data);
+pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreateOutput(output_cb, output_ctx, <span class="string">&quot;2.0&quot;</span>,
+                                          &amp;media_box, &amp;crop_box,
+                                          error_cb, error_data);
 </code></pre>
 <p>Once the file is created, use the <a href="#pdfioFileCreateObj"><code>pdfioFileCreateObj</code></a>, <a href="#pdfioFileCreatePage"><code>pdfioFileCreatePage</code></a>, and <a href="#pdfioPageCopy"><code>pdfioPageCopy</code></a> functions to create objects and pages in the file.</p>
 <p>Finally, the <a href="#pdfioFileClose"><code>pdfioFileClose</code></a> function writes the PDF cross-reference and &quot;trailer&quot; information, closes the file, and frees all memory that was used for it.</p>
@@ -751,13 +935,16 @@ pdfio_obj_t *icc = pdfioFileCreateICCObjFromFile(pdf, <span class="string">&quot
 <pre><code class="language-c">pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
 
 <span class="comment">// Create an AdobeRGB color array</span>
-pdfio_array_t *adobe_rgb = pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, <span class="number">3</span>, PDFIO_CS_ADOBE);
+pdfio_array_t *adobe_rgb =
+    pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, <span class="number">3</span>, PDFIO_CS_ADOBE);
 
 <span class="comment">// Create an Display P3 color array</span>
-pdfio_array_t *display_p3 = pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, <span class="number">3</span>, PDFIO_CS_P3_D65);
+pdfio_array_t *display_p3 =
+    pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, <span class="number">3</span>, PDFIO_CS_P3_D65);
 
 <span class="comment">// Create an sRGB color array</span>
-pdfio_array_t *srgb = pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, <span class="number">3</span>, PDFIO_CS_SRGB);
+pdfio_array_t *srgb =
+    pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, <span class="number">3</span>, PDFIO_CS_SRGB);
 </code></pre>
 <h4 id="font-object-functions">Font Object Functions</h4>
 <p>PDF supports many kinds of fonts, including PostScript Type1, PDF Type3, TrueType/OpenType, and CID. PDFio provides two functions for creating font objects. The first is <a href="#pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromBase"><code>pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromBase</code></a> which creates a font object for one of the base PDF fonts:</p>
@@ -791,40 +978,59 @@ pdfio_array_t *srgb = pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, <span class="number
 <li><p>&quot;ZapfDingbats&quot;</p>
 </li>
 </ul>
-<p>PDFio always uses the Windows CP1252 subset of Unicode for these fonts.</p>
+<p>Except for Symbol and ZapfDingbats (which use a custom 8-bit character set), PDFio always uses the Windows CP1252 subset of Unicode for these fonts.</p>
 <p>The second function is <a href="#pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile"><code>pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile</code></a> which creates a font object from a TrueType/OpenType font file, for example:</p>
 <pre><code class="language-c">pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
-pdfio_obj_t *arial = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, <span class="string">&quot;OpenSans-Regular.ttf&quot;</span>, <span class="reserved">false</span>);
+pdfio_obj_t *arial =
+    pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, <span class="string">&quot;OpenSans-Regular.ttf&quot;</span>, <span class="reserved">false</span>);
 </code></pre>
 <p>will embed an OpenSans Regular TrueType font using the Windows CP1252 subset of Unicode. Pass <code>true</code> for the third argument to embed it as a Unicode CID font instead, for example:</p>
 <pre><code class="language-c">pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
-pdfio_obj_t *arial = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, <span class="string">&quot;NotoSansJP-Regular.otf&quot;</span>, <span class="reserved">true</span>);
+pdfio_obj_t *arial =
+    pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, <span class="string">&quot;NotoSansJP-Regular.otf&quot;</span>, <span class="reserved">true</span>);
 </code></pre>
 <p>will embed the NotoSansJP Regular OpenType font with full support for Unicode.</p>
 <blockquote>
-<p>Note: Not all fonts support Unicode.</p>
+<p>Note: Not all fonts support Unicode, and most do not contain a full complement of Unicode characters. <code>pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile</code> does not perform any character subsetting, so the entire font file is embedded in the PDF file.</p>
 </blockquote>
 <h4 id="image-object-functions">Image Object Functions</h4>
 <p>PDF supports images with many different color spaces and bit depths with optional transparency. PDFio provides two helper functions for creating image objects that can be referenced in page streams. The first function is <a href="#pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData"><code>pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData</code></a> which creates an image object from data in memory, for example:</p>
 <pre><code class="language-c">pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
 <span class="reserved">unsigned</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> data[<span class="number">1024</span> * <span class="number">1024</span> * <span class="number">4</span>]; <span class="comment">// 1024x1024 RGBA image data</span>
-pdfio_obj_t *img = pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData(pdf, data, <span class="comment">/*width*/</span><span class="number">1024</span>, <span class="comment">/*height*/</span><span class="number">1024</span>, <span class="comment">/*num_colors*/</span><span class="number">3</span>, <span class="comment">/*color_data*/</span>NULL, <span class="comment">/*alpha*/</span><span class="reserved">true</span>, <span class="comment">/*interpolate*/</span><span class="reserved">false</span>);
+pdfio_obj_t *img =
+    pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData(pdf, data, <span class="comment">/*width*/</span><span class="number">1024</span>,
+                                    <span class="comment">/*height*/</span><span class="number">1024</span>, <span class="comment">/*num_colors*/</span><span class="number">3</span>,
+                                    <span class="comment">/*color_data*/</span>NULL, <span class="comment">/*alpha*/</span><span class="reserved">true</span>,
+                                    <span class="comment">/*interpolate*/</span><span class="reserved">false</span>);
 </code></pre>
 <p>will create an object for a 1024x1024 RGBA image in memory, using the default color space for 3 colors (&quot;DeviceRGB&quot;). We can use one of the <a href="#color-space-functions">color space functions</a> to use a specific color space for this image, for example:</p>
 <pre><code class="language-c">pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
 
 <span class="comment">// Create an AdobeRGB color array</span>
-pdfio_array_t *adobe_rgb = pdfioArrayCreateColorFromMatrix(pdf, <span class="number">3</span>, pdfioAdobeRGBGamma, pdfioAdobeRGBMatrix, pdfioAdobeRGBWhitePoint);
+pdfio_array_t *adobe_rgb =
+    pdfioArrayCreateColorFromMatrix(pdf, <span class="number">3</span>, pdfioAdobeRGBGamma,
+                                    pdfioAdobeRGBMatrix,
+                                    pdfioAdobeRGBWhitePoint);
 
 <span class="comment">// Create a 1024x1024 RGBA image using AdobeRGB</span>
 <span class="reserved">unsigned</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> data[<span class="number">1024</span> * <span class="number">1024</span> * <span class="number">4</span>]; <span class="comment">// 1024x1024 RGBA image data</span>
-pdfio_obj_t *img = pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData(pdf, data, <span class="comment">/*width*/</span><span class="number">1024</span>, <span class="comment">/*height*/</span><span class="number">1024</span>, <span class="comment">/*num_colors*/</span><span class="number">3</span>, <span class="comment">/*color_data*/</span>adobe_rgb, <span class="comment">/*alpha*/</span><span class="reserved">true</span>, <span class="comment">/*interpolate*/</span><span class="reserved">false</span>);
+pdfio_obj_t *img =
+    pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData(pdf, data, <span class="comment">/*width*/</span><span class="number">1024</span>,
+                                    <span class="comment">/*height*/</span><span class="number">1024</span>, <span class="comment">/*num_colors*/</span><span class="number">3</span>,
+                                    <span class="comment">/*color_data*/</span>adobe_rgb,
+                                    <span class="comment">/*alpha*/</span><span class="reserved">true</span>,
+                                    <span class="comment">/*interpolate*/</span><span class="reserved">false</span>);
 </code></pre>
 <p>The &quot;interpolate&quot; argument specifies whether the colors in the image should be smoothed/interpolated when scaling. This is most useful for photographs but should be <code>false</code> for screenshot and barcode images.</p>
 <p>If you have a JPEG or PNG file, use the <a href="#pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile"><code>pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile</code></a> function to copy the image into a PDF image object, for example:</p>
 <pre><code class="language-c">pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
-pdfio_obj_t *img = pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile(pdf, <span class="string">&quot;myphoto.jpg&quot;</span>, <span class="comment">/*interpolate*/</span><span class="reserved">true</span>);
+pdfio_obj_t *img =
+    pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile(pdf, <span class="string">&quot;myphoto.jpg&quot;</span>,
+                                    <span class="comment">/*interpolate*/</span><span class="reserved">true</span>);
 </code></pre>
+<blockquote>
+<p>Note: Currently <code>pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile</code> does not support 12 bit JPEG files or PNG files with an alpha channel.</p>
+</blockquote>
 <h4 id="page-dictionary-functions">Page Dictionary Functions</h4>
 <p>PDF pages each have an associated dictionary to specify the images, fonts, and color spaces used by the page. PDFio provides functions to add these resources to the dictionary:</p>
 <ul>
@@ -949,29 +1155,42 @@ pdfio_obj_t *img = pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile(pdf, <span class="string">&qu
 </ul>
 <h2 class="title" id="examples">Examples</h2>
 <h3 class="title" id="read-pdf-metadata">Read PDF Metadata</h3>
-<p>The following example function will open a PDF file and print the title, author, creation date, and number of pages:</p>
+<p>The <code>pdfioinfo.c</code> example program opens a PDF file and prints the title, author, creation date, and number of pages:</p>
 <pre><code class="language-c"><span class="directive">#include &lt;pdfio.h&gt;</span>
 <span class="directive">#include &lt;time.h&gt;</span>
 
 
-<span class="reserved">void</span>
-show_pdf_info(<span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *filename)
+<span class="reserved">int</span>                                     <span class="comment">// O - Exit status</span>
+main(<span class="reserved">int</span>  argc,                         <span class="comment">// I - Number of command-line arguments</span>
+     <span class="reserved">char</span> *argv[])                      <span class="comment">// Command-line arguments</span>
 {
-  pdfio_file_t *pdf;
-  time_t       creation_date;
-  <span class="reserved">struct</span> tm    *creation_tm;
-  <span class="reserved">char</span>         creation_text[<span class="number">256</span>];
+  <span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span>    *filename;              <span class="comment">// PDF filename</span>
+  pdfio_file_t  *pdf;                   <span class="comment">// PDF file</span>
+  time_t        creation_date;          <span class="comment">// Creation date</span>
+  <span class="reserved">struct</span> tm     *creation_tm;           <span class="comment">// Creation date/time information</span>
+  <span class="reserved">char</span>          creation_text[<span class="number">256</span>];     <span class="comment">// Creation date/time as a string</span>
 
 
+  <span class="comment">// Get the filename from the command-line...</span>
+  <span class="reserved">if</span> (argc != <span class="number">2</span>)
+  {
+    fputs(<span class="string">&quot;Usage: ./pdfioinfo FILENAME.pdf\n&quot;</span>, stderr);
+    <span class="reserved">return</span> (<span class="number">1</span>);
+  }
+
+  filename = argv[<span class="number">1</span>];
+
   <span class="comment">// Open the PDF file with the default callbacks...</span>
-  pdf = pdfioFileOpen(filename, <span class="comment">/*password_cb*/</span>NULL, <span class="comment">/*password_cbdata*/</span>NULL, <span class="comment">/*error_cb*/</span>NULL, <span class="comment">/*error_cbdata*/</span>NULL);
+  pdf = pdfioFileOpen(filename, <span class="comment">/*password_cb*/</span>NULL,
+                      <span class="comment">/*password_cbdata*/</span>NULL, <span class="comment">/*error_cb*/</span>NULL,
+                      <span class="comment">/*error_cbdata*/</span>NULL);
   <span class="reserved">if</span> (pdf == NULL)
-    <span class="reserved">return</span>;
+    <span class="reserved">return</span> (<span class="number">1</span>);
 
   <span class="comment">// Get the creation date and convert to a string...</span>
   creation_date = pdfioFileGetCreationDate(pdf);
   creation_tm   = localtime(&amp;creation_date);
-  strftime(creation_text, <span class="reserved">sizeof</span>(creation_text), <span class="string">&quot;%c&quot;</span>, &amp;creation_tm);
+  strftime(creation_text, <span class="reserved">sizeof</span>(creation_text), <span class="string">&quot;%c&quot;</span>, creation_tm);
 
   <span class="comment">// Print file information to stdout...</span>
   printf(<span class="string">&quot;%s:\n&quot;</span>, filename);
@@ -982,37 +1201,58 @@ show_pdf_info(<span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</s
 
   <span class="comment">// Close the PDF file...</span>
   pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+
+  <span class="reserved">return</span> (<span class="number">0</span>);
 }
 </code></pre>
 <h3 class="title" id="create-pdf-file-with-text-and-image">Create PDF File With Text and Image</h3>
-<p>The following example function will create a PDF file, embed a base font and the named JPEG or PNG image file, and then creates a page with the image centered on the page with the text centered below:</p>
+<p>The <code>image2pdf.c</code> example code creates a PDF file containing a JPEG or PNG image file and optional caption on a single page. The <code>create_pdf_image_file</code> function creates the PDF file, embeds a base font and the named JPEG or PNG image file, and then creates a page with the image centered on the page with any text centered below:</p>
 <pre><code class="language-c"><span class="directive">#include &lt;pdfio.h&gt;</span>
 <span class="directive">#include &lt;pdfio-content.h&gt;</span>
 <span class="directive">#include &lt;string.h&gt;</span>
 
 
-<span class="reserved">void</span>
-create_pdf_image_file(<span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *pdfname, <span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *imagename, <span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *caption)
+<span class="reserved">bool</span>                                    <span class="comment">// O - True on success, false on failure</span>
+create_pdf_image_file(
+    <span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *pdfname,                <span class="comment">// I - PDF filename</span>
+    <span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *imagename,              <span class="comment">// I - Image filename</span>
+    <span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *caption)                <span class="comment">// I - Caption filename</span>
 {
-  pdfio_file_t   *pdf;
-  pdfio_obj_t    *font;
-  pdfio_obj_t    *image;
-  pdfio_dict_t   *dict;
-  pdfio_stream_t *page;
-  <span class="reserved">double</span>         width, height;
-  <span class="reserved">double</span>         swidth, sheight;
-  <span class="reserved">double</span>         tx, ty;
+  pdfio_file_t   *pdf;                  <span class="comment">// PDF file</span>
+  pdfio_obj_t    *font;                 <span class="comment">// Caption font</span>
+  pdfio_obj_t    *image;                <span class="comment">// Image</span>
+  pdfio_dict_t   *dict;                 <span class="comment">// Page dictionary</span>
+  pdfio_stream_t *page;                 <span class="comment">// Page stream</span>
+  <span class="reserved">double</span>         width, height;         <span class="comment">// Width and height of image</span>
+  <span class="reserved">double</span>         swidth, sheight;       <span class="comment">// Scaled width and height on page</span>
+  <span class="reserved">double</span>         tx, ty;                <span class="comment">// Position on page</span>
 
 
   <span class="comment">// Create the PDF file...</span>
-  pdf = pdfioFileCreate(pdfname, <span class="comment">/*version*/</span>NULL, <span class="comment">/*media_box*/</span>NULL, <span class="comment">/*crop_box*/</span>NULL, <span class="comment">/*error_cb*/</span>NULL, <span class="comment">/*error_cbdata*/</span>NULL);
+  pdf = pdfioFileCreate(pdfname, <span class="comment">/*version*/</span>NULL, <span class="comment">/*media_box*/</span>NULL,
+                        <span class="comment">/*crop_box*/</span>NULL, <span class="comment">/*error_cb*/</span>NULL,
+                        <span class="comment">/*error_cbdata*/</span>NULL);
+  <span class="reserved">if</span> (!pdf)
+    <span class="reserved">return</span> (<span class="reserved">false</span>);
 
   <span class="comment">// Create a Courier base font for the caption</span>
   font = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromBase(pdf, <span class="string">&quot;Courier&quot;</span>);
 
+  <span class="reserved">if</span> (!font)
+  {
+    pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+    <span class="reserved">return</span> (<span class="reserved">false</span>);
+  }
+
   <span class="comment">// Create an image object from the JPEG/PNG image file...</span>
   image = pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile(pdf, imagename, <span class="reserved">true</span>);
 
+  <span class="reserved">if</span> (!image)
+  {
+    pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+    <span class="reserved">return</span> (<span class="reserved">false</span>);
+  }
+
   <span class="comment">// Create a page dictionary with the font and image...</span>
   dict = pdfioDictCreate(pdf);
   pdfioPageDictAddFont(dict, <span class="string">&quot;F1&quot;</span>, font);
@@ -1025,9 +1265,9 @@ create_pdf_image_file(<span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved"
   width  = pdfioImageGetWidth(image);
   height = pdfioImageGetHeight(image);
 
-  <span class="comment">// Default media_box is &quot;universal&quot; 595.28x792 points (8.27x11in or 210x279mm)</span>
-  <span class="comment">// Use margins of 36 points (0.5in or 12.7mm) with another 36 points for the</span>
-  <span class="comment">// caption underneath...</span>
+  <span class="comment">// Default media_box is &quot;universal&quot; 595.28x792 points (8.27x11in or</span>
+  <span class="comment">// 210x279mm).  Use margins of 36 points (0.5in or 12.7mm) with another</span>
+  <span class="comment">// 36 points for the caption underneath...</span>
   swidth  = <span class="number">595.28</span> - <span class="number">72.0</span>;
   sheight = swidth * height / width;
   <span class="reserved">if</span> (sheight &gt; (<span class="number">792.0</span> - <span class="number">36.0</span> - <span class="number">72.0</span>))
@@ -1044,8 +1284,8 @@ create_pdf_image_file(<span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved"
   <span class="comment">// Draw the caption in black...</span>
   pdfioContentSetFillColorDeviceGray(page, <span class="number">0.0</span>);
 
-  <span class="comment">// Compute the starting point for the text - Courier is monospaced with a</span>
-  <span class="comment">// nominal width of 0.6 times the text height...</span>
+  <span class="comment">// Compute the starting point for the text - Courier is monospaced</span>
+  <span class="comment">// with a nominal width of 0.6 times the text height...</span>
   tx = <span class="number">0.5</span> * (<span class="number">595.28</span> - <span class="number">18.0</span> * <span class="number">0.6</span> * strlen(caption));
 
   <span class="comment">// Position and draw the caption underneath...</span>
@@ -1058,8 +1298,139 @@ create_pdf_image_file(<span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved"
   <span class="comment">// Close the page stream and the PDF file...</span>
   pdfioStreamClose(page);
   pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+
+  <span class="reserved">return</span> (<span class="reserved">true</span>);
 }
 </code></pre>
+<h3 class="title" id="generate-a-code-128-barcode">Generate a Code 128 Barcode</h3>
+<p>One-dimensional barcodes are often rendered using special fonts that map ASCII characters to sequences of bars that can be read. The <code>examples</code> directory contains such a font (<code>code128.ttf</code>) to create &quot;Code 128&quot; barcodes, with an accompanying bit of example code in <code>code128.c</code>.</p>
+<p>The first thing you need to do is prepare the barcode string to use with the font. Each barcode begins with a start pattern followed by the characters or digits you want to encode, a weighted sum digit, and a stop pattern. The <code>make_code128</code> function creates this string:</p>
+<pre><code class="language-c"><span class="reserved">static</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *                           <span class="comment">// O - Output string</span>
+make_code128(<span class="reserved">char</span>       *dst,           <span class="comment">// I - Destination buffer</span>
+             <span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *src,           <span class="comment">// I - Source string</span>
+             size_t     dstsize)        <span class="comment">// I - Size of destination buffer</span>
+{
+  <span class="reserved">char</span>          *dstptr,                <span class="comment">// Pointer into destination buffer</span>
+                *dstend;                <span class="comment">// End of destination buffer</span>
+  <span class="reserved">int</span>           sum;                    <span class="comment">// Weighted sum</span>
+  <span class="reserved">static</span> <span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *code128_chars =    <span class="comment">// Code 128 characters</span>
+                <span class="string">&quot; !\&quot;#$%&amp;'()*+,-./0123456789:;&lt;=&gt;?&quot;</span>
+                <span class="string">&quot;@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\]^_&quot;</span>
+                <span class="string">&quot;`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~\303&quot;</span>
+                <span class="string">&quot;\304\305\306\307\310\311\312&quot;</span>;
+  <span class="reserved">static</span> <span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> code128_start_code_b = <span class="string">'\314'</span>;
+                                        <span class="comment">// Start code B</span>
+  <span class="reserved">static</span> <span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> code128_stop = <span class="string">'\316'</span>;
+                                        <span class="comment">// Stop pattern</span>
+
+
+  <span class="comment">// Start a Code B barcode...</span>
+  dstptr = dst;
+  dstend = dst + dstsize - <span class="number">3</span>;
+
+  *dstptr++ = code128_start_code_b;
+  sum       = code128_start_code_b - <span class="number">100</span>;
+
+  <span class="reserved">while</span> (*src &amp;&amp; dstptr &lt; dstend)
+  {
+    <span class="reserved">if</span> (*src &gt;= <span class="string">' '</span> &amp;&amp; *src &lt; <span class="number">0x7f</span>)
+    {
+      sum       += (dstptr - dst) * (*src - <span class="string">' '</span>);
+      *dstptr++ = *src;
+    }
+
+    src ++;
+  }
+
+  <span class="comment">// Add the weighted sum modulo 103</span>
+  *dstptr++ = code128_chars[sum % <span class="number">103</span>];
+
+  <span class="comment">// Add the stop pattern and return...</span>
+  *dstptr++ = code128_stop;
+  *dstptr   = <span class="string">'\0'</span>;
+
+  <span class="reserved">return</span> (dst);
+}
+</code></pre>
+<p>The <code>main</code> function does the rest of the work. The barcode font is imported using the <a href="#pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile"><code>pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile</code></a> function. We pass <code>false</code> for the &quot;unicode&quot; argument since we just want the (default) ASCII encoding:</p>
+<pre><code class="language-c">barcode_font = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, <span class="string">&quot;code128.ttf&quot;</span>,
+                                              <span class="comment">/*unicode*/</span><span class="reserved">false</span>);
+</code></pre>
+<p>Since barcodes usually have the number or text represented by the barcode printed underneath it, we also need a regular text font, for which we can choose one of the standard 14 PostScript base fonts using the <a href="#pdfioFIleCreateFontObjFromBase"><code>pdfioFIleCreateFontObjFromBase</code></a> function:</p>
+<pre><code class="language-c">text_font = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromBase(pdf, <span class="string">&quot;Helvetica&quot;</span>);
+</code></pre>
+<p>Once we have these fonts we can measure the barcode and regular text labels using the <a href="#pdfioContentTextMeasure"><code>pdfioContentTextMeasure</code></a> function to determine how large the PDF page needs to be to hold the barcode and text:</p>
+<pre><code class="language-c"><span class="comment">// Compute sizes of the text...</span>
+<span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *barcode = argv[<span class="number">1</span>];
+<span class="reserved">char</span> barcode_temp[<span class="number">256</span>];
+
+<span class="reserved">if</span> (!(barcode[<span class="number">0</span>] &amp; <span class="number">0x80</span>))
+  barcode = make_code128(barcode_temp, barcode, <span class="reserved">sizeof</span>(barcode_temp));
+
+<span class="reserved">double</span> barcode_height = <span class="number">36.0</span>;
+<span class="reserved">double</span> barcode_width =
+    pdfioContentTextMeasure(barcode_font, barcode, barcode_height);
+
+<span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *text = argv[<span class="number">2</span>];
+<span class="reserved">double</span> text_height = <span class="number">0.0</span>;
+<span class="reserved">double</span> text_width = <span class="number">0.0</span>;
+
+<span class="reserved">if</span> (text &amp;&amp; text_font)
+{
+  text_height = <span class="number">9.0</span>;
+  text_width  = pdfioContentTextMeasure(text_font, text,
+                                        text_height);
+}
+
+<span class="comment">// Compute the size of the PDF page...</span>
+pdfio_rect_t media_box;
+
+media_box.x1 = <span class="number">0.0</span>;
+media_box.y1 = <span class="number">0.0</span>;
+media_box.x2 = (barcode_width &gt; text_width ?
+                    barcode_width : text_width) + <span class="number">18.0</span>;
+media_box.y2 = barcode_height + text_height + <span class="number">18.0</span>;
+</code></pre>
+<p>Finally, we just need to create a page of the specified size that references the two fonts:</p>
+<pre><code class="language-c"><span class="comment">// Start a page for the barcode...</span>
+page_dict = pdfioDictCreate(pdf);
+
+pdfioDictSetRect(page_dict, <span class="string">&quot;MediaBox&quot;</span>, &amp;media_box);
+pdfioDictSetRect(page_dict, <span class="string">&quot;CropBox&quot;</span>, &amp;media_box);
+
+pdfioPageDictAddFont(page_dict, <span class="string">&quot;B128&quot;</span>, barcode_font);
+<span class="reserved">if</span> (text_font)
+  pdfioPageDictAddFont(page_dict, <span class="string">&quot;TEXT&quot;</span>, text_font);
+
+page_st = pdfioFileCreatePage(pdf, page_dict);
+</code></pre>
+<p>With the barcode font called &quot;B128&quot; and the text font called &quot;TEXT&quot;, we can use them to draw two strings:</p>
+<pre><code class="language-c"><span class="comment">// Draw the page...</span>
+pdfioContentSetFillColorGray(page_st, <span class="number">0.0</span>);
+
+pdfioContentSetTextFont(page_st, <span class="string">&quot;B128&quot;</span>, barcode_height);
+pdfioContentTextBegin(page_st);
+pdfioContentTextMoveTo(page_st, <span class="number">0.5</span> * (media_box.x2 - barcode_width),
+                       <span class="number">9.0</span> + text_height);
+pdfioContentTextShow(page_st, <span class="comment">/*unicode*/</span><span class="reserved">false</span>, barcode);
+pdfioContentTextEnd(page_st);
+
+<span class="reserved">if</span> (text &amp;&amp; text_font)
+{
+  pdfioContentSetTextFont(page_st, <span class="string">&quot;TEXT&quot;</span>, text_height);
+  pdfioContentTextBegin(page_st);
+  pdfioContentTextMoveTo(page_st, <span class="number">0.5</span> * (media_box.x2 - text_width), <span class="number">9.0</span>);
+  pdfioContentTextShow(page_st, <span class="comment">/*unicode*/</span><span class="reserved">false</span>, text);
+  pdfioContentTextEnd(page_st);
+}
+
+pdfioStreamClose(page_st);
+</code></pre>
+<h3 class="title" id="convert-markdown-to-pdf">Convert Markdown to PDF</h3>
+<p>Markdown is a simple plain text format that supports things like headings, links, character styles, tables, and embedded images. The <code>md2pdf.c</code> example code uses the <a href="https://www.msweet.org/mmd/">mmd</a> library to convert markdown to a PDF file that can be distributed.</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>Note: The md2pdf example is by far the most complex example code included with PDFio and shows how to layout text, add headers and footers, add links, embed images, and format tables.</p>
+</blockquote>
 <h2 class="title"><a id="FUNCTIONS">Functions</a></h2>
 <h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioArrayAppendArray">pdfioArrayAppendArray</a></h3>
 <p class="description">Add an array value to an array.</p>
@@ -1443,6 +1814,19 @@ size_t pdfioArrayGetSize(<a href="#pdfio_array_t">pdfio_array_t</a> *a);</p>
 </tbody></table>
 <h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
 <p class="description">Value type</p>
+<h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioArrayRemove">pdfioArrayRemove</a></h3>
+<p class="description">Remove an array entry.</p>
+<p class="code">
+<span class="reserved">bool</span> pdfioArrayRemove(<a href="#pdfio_array_t">pdfio_array_t</a> *a, size_t n);</p>
+<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
+<table class="list"><tbody>
+<tr><th>a</th>
+<td class="description">Array</td></tr>
+<tr><th>n</th>
+<td class="description">Index</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
+<p class="description"><code>true</code> on success, <code>false</code> otherwise</p>
 <h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioContentClip">pdfioContentClip</a></h3>
 <p class="description">Clip output to the current path.</p>
 <p class="code">
@@ -2297,6 +2681,19 @@ argument specifies an array of UTF-8 encoded strings.</p>
 <p class="discussion">This function shows some formatted text in a PDF content stream. The
 &quot;unicode&quot; argument specifies that the current font maps to full Unicode.
 The &quot;format&quot; argument specifies a UTF-8 encoded <code>printf</code>-style format string.</p>
+<h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioDictClear">pdfioDictClear</a></h3>
+<p class="description">Remove a key/value pair from a dictionary.</p>
+<p class="code">
+<span class="reserved">bool</span> pdfioDictClear(<a href="#pdfio_dict_t">pdfio_dict_t</a> *dict, <span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *key);</p>
+<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
+<table class="list"><tbody>
+<tr><th>dict</th>
+<td class="description">Dictionary</td></tr>
+<tr><th>key</th>
+<td class="description">Key</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
+<p class="description"><code>true</code> if cleared, <code>false</code> otherwise</p>
 <h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioDictCopy">pdfioDictCopy</a></h3>
 <p class="description">Copy a dictionary to a PDF file.</p>
 <p class="code">
@@ -2388,6 +2785,19 @@ time_t pdfioDictGetDate(<a href="#pdfio_dict_t">pdfio_dict_t</a> *dict, <span cl
 </tbody></table>
 <h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
 <p class="description">Value</p>
+<h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioDictGetKey">pdfioDictGetKey</a></h3>
+<p class="description">Get the key for the specified pair.</p>
+<p class="code">
+<span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *pdfioDictGetKey(<a href="#pdfio_dict_t">pdfio_dict_t</a> *dict, size_t n);</p>
+<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
+<table class="list"><tbody>
+<tr><th>dict</th>
+<td class="description">Dictionary</td></tr>
+<tr><th>n</th>
+<td class="description">Pair index (<code>0</code>-based)</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
+<p class="description">Key for specified pair</p>
 <h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioDictGetName">pdfioDictGetName</a></h3>
 <p class="description">Get a key name value from a dictionary.</p>
 <p class="code">
@@ -2401,6 +2811,17 @@ time_t pdfioDictGetDate(<a href="#pdfio_dict_t">pdfio_dict_t</a> *dict, <span cl
 </tbody></table>
 <h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
 <p class="description">Value</p>
+<h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioDictGetNumPairs">pdfioDictGetNumPairs</a></h3>
+<p class="description">Get the number of key/value pairs in a dictionary.</p>
+<p class="code">
+size_t pdfioDictGetNumPairs(<a href="#pdfio_dict_t">pdfio_dict_t</a> *dict);</p>
+<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
+<table class="list"><tbody>
+<tr><th>dict</th>
+<td class="description">Dictionary</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
+<p class="description">Number of pairs</p>
 <h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioDictGetNumber">pdfioDictGetNumber</a></h3>
 <p class="description">Get a key number value from a dictionary.</p>
 <p class="code">
@@ -2786,8 +3207,9 @@ specifies the font nane:
 </li>
 <li>&quot;ZapfDingbats&quot;</li>
 </ul>
-<p class="discussion">Base fonts always use the Windows CP1252 (ISO-8859-1 with additional
-characters such as the Euro symbol) subset of Unicode.</p>
+<p class="discussion">Aside from &quot;Symbol&quot; and &quot;Zapf-Dingbats&quot;, Base fonts use the Windows CP1252
+(ISO-8859-1 with additional characters such as the Euro symbol) subset of
+Unicode.</p>
 <h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile">pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile</a></h3>
 <p class="description">Add a font object to a PDF file.</p>
 <p class="code">
@@ -2888,6 +3310,22 @@ image on the page.<br>
 Note: Currently PNG support is limited to grayscale, RGB, or indexed files
 without interlacing or alpha.  Transparency (masking) based on color/index
 is supported.</blockquote>
+<h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioFileCreateNameObj">pdfioFileCreateNameObj</a></h3>
+<p class="description">Create a new object in a PDF file containing a name.</p>
+<p class="code">
+<a href="#pdfio_obj_t">pdfio_obj_t</a> *pdfioFileCreateNameObj(<a href="#pdfio_file_t">pdfio_file_t</a> *pdf, <span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *name);</p>
+<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
+<table class="list"><tbody>
+<tr><th>pdf</th>
+<td class="description">PDF file</td></tr>
+<tr><th>name</th>
+<td class="description">Name value</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
+<p class="description">New object</p>
+<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
+<p class="discussion">This function creates a new object with a name value in a PDF file.
+You must call <a href="#pdfioObjClose"><code>pdfioObjClose</code></a> to write the object to the file.</p>
 <h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioFileCreateNumberObj">pdfioFileCreateNumberObj</a></h3>
 <p class="description">Create a new object in a PDF file containing a number.</p>
 <p class="code">
@@ -3469,6 +3907,17 @@ size_t pdfioObjGetLength(<a href="#pdfio_obj_t">pdfio_obj_t</a> *obj);</p>
 </tbody></table>
 <h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
 <p class="description">Length in bytes or <code>0</code> for none</p>
+<h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioObjGetName">pdfioObjGetName</a></h3>
+<p class="description">Get the name value associated with an object.</p>
+<p class="code">
+<span class="reserved">const</span> <span class="reserved">char</span> *pdfioObjGetName(<a href="#pdfio_obj_t">pdfio_obj_t</a> *obj);</p>
+<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
+<table class="list"><tbody>
+<tr><th>obj</th>
+<td class="description">Object</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
+<p class="description">Dictionary or <code>NULL</code> on error</p>
 <h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioObjGetNumber">pdfioObjGetNumber</a></h3>
 <p class="description">Get the object's number.</p>
 <p class="code">
@@ -3490,7 +3939,30 @@ size_t pdfioObjGetNumber(<a href="#pdfio_obj_t">pdfio_obj_t</a> *obj);</p>
 <td class="description">Object</td></tr>
 </tbody></table>
 <h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
-<p class="description">Object subtype</p>
+<p class="description">Object subtype name or <code>NULL</code> for none</p>
+<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
+<p class="discussion">This function returns an object's PDF subtype name, if any.  Common subtype
+names include:
+
+</p><ul>
+<li>&quot;CIDFontType0&quot;: A CID Type0 font
+</li>
+<li>&quot;CIDFontType2&quot;: A CID TrueType font
+</li>
+<li>&quot;Image&quot;: An image or image mask
+</li>
+<li>&quot;Form&quot;: A fillable form
+</li>
+<li>&quot;OpenType&quot;: An OpenType font
+</li>
+<li>&quot;Type0&quot;: A composite font
+</li>
+<li>&quot;Type1&quot;: A PostScript Type1 font
+</li>
+<li>&quot;Type3&quot;: A PDF Type3 font
+</li>
+<li>&quot;TrueType&quot;: A TrueType font</li>
+</ul>
 <h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioObjGetType">pdfioObjGetType</a></h3>
 <p class="description">Get an object's type.</p>
 <p class="code">
@@ -3501,7 +3973,28 @@ size_t pdfioObjGetNumber(<a href="#pdfio_obj_t">pdfio_obj_t</a> *obj);</p>
 <td class="description">Object</td></tr>
 </tbody></table>
 <h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
-<p class="description">Object type</p>
+<p class="description">Object type name or <code>NULL</code> for none</p>
+<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
+<p class="discussion">This function returns an object's PDF type name, if any. Common type names
+include:
+
+</p><ul>
+<li>&quot;CMap&quot;: A character map for composite fonts
+</li>
+<li>&quot;Font&quot;: An embedded font (<a href="#pdfioObjGetSubtype"><code>pdfioObjGetSubtype</code></a> will tell you the
+  font format)
+</li>
+<li>&quot;FontDescriptor&quot;: A font descriptor
+</li>
+<li>&quot;Page&quot;: A (visible) page
+</li>
+<li>&quot;Pages&quot;: A page tree node
+</li>
+<li>&quot;Template&quot;: An invisible template page
+</li>
+<li>&quot;XObject&quot;: An image, image mask, or form (<a href="#pdfioObjGetSubtype"><code>pdfioObjGetSubtype</code></a> will
+  tell you which)</li>
+</ul>
 <h3 class="function"><a id="pdfioObjOpenStream">pdfioObjOpenStream</a></h3>
 <p class="description">Open an object's (data) stream for reading.</p>
 <p class="code">

doc/pdfio.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Introduction
 ============
 
 PDFio is a simple C library for reading and writing PDF files.  The primary
-goals of pdfio are:
+goals of PDFio are:
 
 - Read and write any version of PDF file
 - Provide access to pages, objects, and streams within a PDF file
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ PDFio requires the following to build the software:
 IDE files for Xcode (macOS/iOS) and Visual Studio (Windows) are also provided.
 
 
-Installing pdfio
+Installing PDFio
 ----------------
 
 PDFio comes with a configure script that creates a portable makefile that will
@@ -120,6 +120,182 @@ that are defined in a separate header file:
 ```
 
 
+Understanding PDF Files
+-----------------------
+
+A PDF file provides data and commands for displaying pages of graphics and text,
+and is structured in a way that allows it to be displayed in the same way across
+multiple devices and platforms.  The following is a PDF which shows "Hello,
+World!" on one page:
+
+```
+%PDF-1.0                        % Header starts here
+%âãÏÓ
+1 0 obj                         % Body starts here
+<<
+/Kids [2 0 R]
+/Count 1
+/Type /Pages
+>>
+endobj
+2 0 obj
+<<
+/Rotate 0
+/Parent 1 0 R
+/Resources 3 0 R
+/MediaBox [0 0 612 792]
+/Contents [4 0 R]/Type /Page
+>>
+endobj
+3 0 obj
+<<
+/Font
+<<
+/F0
+<<
+/BaseFont /Times-Italic
+/Subtype /Type1
+/Type /Font
+>>
+>>
+>>
+endobj
+4 0 obj
+<<
+/Length 65
+>>
+stream
+1. 0. 0. 1. 50. 700. cm
+BT
+  /F0 36. Tf
+  (Hello, World!) Tj
+ET
+endstream
+endobj
+5 0 obj
+<<
+/Pages 1 0 R
+/Type /Catalog
+>>
+endobj
+xref                            % Cross-reference table starts here
+0 6
+0000000000 65535 f
+0000000015 00000 n
+0000000074 00000 n
+0000000192 00000 n
+0000000291 00000 n
+0000000409 00000 n
+trailer                         % Trailer starts here
+<<
+/Root 5 0 R
+/Size 6
+>>
+startxref
+459
+%%EOF
+```
+
+
+### Header
+
+The header is the first line of a PDF file that specifies the version of the PDF
+format that has been used, for example `%PDF-1.0`.
+
+Since PDF files almost always contain binary data, they can become corrupted if
+line endings are changed.  For example, if the file is transferred using FTP in
+text mode or is edited in Notepad on Windows.  To allow legacy file transfer
+programs to determine that the file is binary, the PDF standard recommends
+including some bytes with character codes higher than 127 in the header, for
+example:
+
+```
+%âãÏÓ
+```
+
+The percent sign indicates a comment line while the other few bytes are
+arbitrary character codes in excess of 127.  So, the whole header in our example
+is:
+
+```
+%PDF-1.0
+%âãÏÓ
+```
+
+
+### Body
+
+The file body consists of a sequence of objects, each preceded by an object
+number, generation number, and the obj keyword on one line, and followed by the
+endobj keyword on another.  For example:
+
+```
+1 0 obj
+<<
+/Kids [2 0 R]
+/Count 1
+/Type /Pages
+>>
+endobj
+```
+
+In this example, the object number is 1 and the generation number is 0, meaning
+it is the first version of the object.  The content for object 1 is between the
+initial `1 0 obj` and trailing `endobj` lines.  In this case, the content is the
+dictionary `<</Kids [2 0 R] /Count 1 /Type /Pages>>`.
+
+
+### Cross-Reference Table
+
+The cross-reference table lists the byte offset of each object in the file body.
+This allows random access to objects, meaning they don't have to be read in
+order.  Objects that are not used are never read, making the process efficient.
+Operations like counting the number of pages in a PDF document are fast, even in
+large files.
+
+Each object has an object number and a generation number.  Generation numbers
+are used when a cross-reference table entry is reused.  For simplicity, we will
+assume generation numbers to be always zero and ignore them.  The
+cross-reference table consists of a header line that indicates the number of
+entries, a free entry line for object 0, and a line for each of the objects in
+the file body.  For example:
+
+```
+0 6                             % Six entries in table, starting at 0
+0000000000 65535 f              % Free entry for object 0
+0000000015 00000 n              % Object 1 is at byte offset 15
+0000000074 00000 n              % Object 2 is at byte offset 74
+0000000192 00000 n              % etc...
+0000000291 00000 n
+0000000409 00000 n              % Object 5 is at byte offset 409
+```
+
+
+### Trailer
+
+The first line of the trailer is just the `trailer` keyword.  This is followed
+by the trailer dictionary which contains at least the `/Size` entry specifying
+the number of entries in the cross-reference table and the `/Root` entry which
+references the object for the document catalog which is the root element of the
+graph of objects in the body.
+
+There follows a line with just the `startxref` keyword, a line with a single
+number specifying the byte offset of the start of the cross-reference table
+within the file, and then the line `%%EOF` which signals the end of the PDF
+file.
+
+```
+trailer                         % Trailer keyword
+<<                              % The trailer dictinonary
+/Root 5 0 R
+/Size 6
+>>
+startxref                       % startxref keyword
+459                             % Byte offset of cross-reference table
+%%EOF                           % End-of-file marker
+```
+
+
 API Overview
 ============
 
@@ -132,14 +308,16 @@ PDFio exposes several types:
 - `pdfio_stream_t`: An object stream
 
 
+
 Reading PDF Files
 -----------------
 
 You open an existing PDF file using the [`pdfioFileOpen`](@@) function:
 
 ```c
-pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileOpen("myinputfile.pdf", password_cb, password_data,
-                                  error_cb, error_data);
+pdfio_file_t *pdf =
+    pdfioFileOpen("myinputfile.pdf", password_cb, password_data,
+                  error_cb, error_data);
 
 ```
 
@@ -202,7 +380,74 @@ Each page is represented by a "page tree" object (what [`pdfioFileGetPage`](@@)
 returns) that specifies information about the page and one or more "content"
 objects that contain the images, fonts, text, and graphics that appear on the
 page.  Use the [`pdfioPageGetNumStreams`](@@) and [`pdfioPageOpenStream`](@@)
-functions to access the content streams for each page.
+functions to access the content streams for each page, and
+[`pdfioObjGetDict`](@@) to get the associated page object dictionary.  For
+example, if you want to display the media and crop boxes for a given page:
+
+```c
+pdfio_file_t  *pdf;             // PDF file
+size_t        i;                // Looping var
+size_t        count;            // Number of pages
+pdfio_obj_t   *page;            // Current page
+pdfio_dict_t  *dict;            // Current page dictionary
+pdfio_array_t *media_box;       // MediaBox array
+double        media_values[4];  // MediaBox values
+pdfio_array_t *crop_box;        // CropBox array
+double        crop_values[4];   // CropBox values
+
+// Iterate the pages in the PDF file
+for (i = 0, count = pdfioFileGetNumPages(pdf); i < count; i ++)
+{
+  page = pdfioFileGetPage(pdf, i);
+  dict = pdfioObjGetDict(page);
+
+  media_box       = pdfioDictGetArray(dict, "MediaBox");
+  media_values[0] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(media_box, 0);
+  media_values[1] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(media_box, 1);
+  media_values[2] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(media_box, 2);
+  media_values[3] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(media_box, 3);
+
+  crop_box       = pdfioDictGetArray(dict, "CropBox");
+  crop_values[0] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(crop_box, 0);
+  crop_values[1] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(crop_box, 1);
+  crop_values[2] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(crop_box, 2);
+  crop_values[3] = pdfioArrayGetNumber(crop_box, 3);
+
+  printf("Page %u: MediaBox=[%g %g %g %g], CropBox=[%g %g %g %g]\n",
+         (unsigned)(i + 1),
+         media_values[0], media_values[1], media_values[2], media_values[3],
+         crop_values[0], crop_values[1], crop_values[2], crop_values[3]);
+}
+```
+
+Page object dictionaries have several (mostly optional) key/value pairs,
+including:
+
+- "Annots": An array of annotation dictionaries for the page; use
+  [`pdfioDictGetArray`](@@) to get the array
+- "CropBox": The crop box as an array of four numbers for the left, bottom,
+  right, and top coordinates of the target media; use [`pdfioDictGetArray`](@@)
+  to get a pointer to the array of numbers
+- "Dur": The number of seconds the page should be displayed; use
+  [`pdfioDictGetNumber`](@@) to get the page duration value
+- "Group": The dictionary of transparency group values for the page; use
+  [`pdfioDictGetDict`](@@) to get a pointer to the resources dictionary
+- "LastModified": The date and time when this page was last modified; use
+  [`pdfioDictGetDate`](@@) to get the Unix `time_t` value
+- "Parent": The parent page tree node object for this page; use
+  [`pdfioDictGetObj`](@@) to get a pointer to the object
+- "MediaBox": The media box as an array of four numbers for the left, bottom,
+  right, and top coordinates of the target media; use [`pdfioDictGetArray`](@@)
+  to get a pointer to the array of numbers
+- "Resources": The dictionary of resources for the page; use
+  [`pdfioDictGetDict`](@@) to get a pointer to the resources dictionary
+- "Rotate": A number indicating the number of degrees of counter-clockwise
+  rotation to apply to the page when viewing; use [`pdfioDictGetNumber`](@@)
+  to get the rotation angle
+- "Thumb": A thumbnail image object for the page; use [`pdfioDictGetObj`](@@)
+  to get a pointer to the thumbnail image object
+- "Trans": The page transition dictionary; use [`pdfioDictGetDict`](@@) to get
+  a pointer to the dictionary
 
 The [`pdfioFileClose`](@@) function closes a PDF file and frees all memory that
 was used for it:
@@ -221,7 +466,9 @@ You create a new PDF file using the [`pdfioFileCreate`](@@) function:
 pdfio_rect_t media_box = { 0.0, 0.0, 612.0, 792.0 };  // US Letter
 pdfio_rect_t crop_box = { 36.0, 36.0, 576.0, 756.0 }; // w/0.5" margins
 
-pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate("myoutputfile.pdf", "2.0", &media_box, &crop_box, error_cb, error_data);
+pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate("myoutputfile.pdf", "2.0",
+                                    &media_box, &crop_box,
+                                    error_cb, error_data);
 ```
 
 where the six arguments to the function are the filename ("myoutputfile.pdf"),
@@ -237,7 +484,9 @@ function:
 pdfio_rect_t media_box = { 0.0, 0.0, 612.0, 792.0 };  // US Letter
 pdfio_rect_t crop_box = { 36.0, 36.0, 576.0, 756.0 }; // w/0.5" margins
 
-pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreateOutput(output_cb, output_ctx, "2.0", &media_box, &crop_box, error_cb, error_data);
+pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreateOutput(output_cb, output_ctx, "2.0",
+                                          &media_box, &crop_box,
+                                          error_cb, error_data);
 ```
 
 Once the file is created, use the [`pdfioFileCreateObj`](@@),
@@ -394,13 +643,16 @@ spaces:
 pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
 
 // Create an AdobeRGB color array
-pdfio_array_t *adobe_rgb = pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, 3, PDFIO_CS_ADOBE);
+pdfio_array_t *adobe_rgb =
+    pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, 3, PDFIO_CS_ADOBE);
 
 // Create an Display P3 color array
-pdfio_array_t *display_p3 = pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, 3, PDFIO_CS_P3_D65);
+pdfio_array_t *display_p3 =
+    pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, 3, PDFIO_CS_P3_D65);
 
 // Create an sRGB color array
-pdfio_array_t *srgb = pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, 3, PDFIO_CS_SRGB);
+pdfio_array_t *srgb =
+    pdfioArrayCreateColorFromStandard(pdf, 3, PDFIO_CS_SRGB);
 ```
 
 
@@ -426,6 +678,7 @@ font object for one of the base PDF fonts:
 - "Times-Roman"
 - "ZapfDingbats"
 
+Except for Symbol and ZapfDingbats (which use a custom 8-bit character set),
 PDFio always uses the Windows CP1252 subset of Unicode for these fonts.
 
 The second function is [`pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile`](@@) which creates a
@@ -433,7 +686,8 @@ font object from a TrueType/OpenType font file, for example:
 
 ```c
 pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
-pdfio_obj_t *arial = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, "OpenSans-Regular.ttf", false);
+pdfio_obj_t *arial =
+    pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, "OpenSans-Regular.ttf", false);
 ```
 
 will embed an OpenSans Regular TrueType font using the Windows CP1252 subset of
@@ -442,12 +696,16 @@ instead, for example:
 
 ```c
 pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
-pdfio_obj_t *arial = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, "NotoSansJP-Regular.otf", true);
+pdfio_obj_t *arial =
+    pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, "NotoSansJP-Regular.otf", true);
 ```
 
 will embed the NotoSansJP Regular OpenType font with full support for Unicode.
 
-> Note: Not all fonts support Unicode.
+> Note: Not all fonts support Unicode, and most do not contain a full
+> complement of Unicode characters.  `pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile` does not
+> perform any character subsetting, so the entire font file is embedded in the
+> PDF file.
 
 
 ### Image Object Functions
@@ -461,7 +719,11 @@ in memory, for example:
 ```c
 pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
 unsigned char data[1024 * 1024 * 4]; // 1024x1024 RGBA image data
-pdfio_obj_t *img = pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData(pdf, data, /*width*/1024, /*height*/1024, /*num_colors*/3, /*color_data*/NULL, /*alpha*/true, /*interpolate*/false);
+pdfio_obj_t *img =
+    pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData(pdf, data, /*width*/1024,
+                                    /*height*/1024, /*num_colors*/3,
+                                    /*color_data*/NULL, /*alpha*/true,
+                                    /*interpolate*/false);
 ```
 
 will create an object for a 1024x1024 RGBA image in memory, using the default
@@ -473,11 +735,19 @@ example:
 pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
 
 // Create an AdobeRGB color array
-pdfio_array_t *adobe_rgb = pdfioArrayCreateColorFromMatrix(pdf, 3, pdfioAdobeRGBGamma, pdfioAdobeRGBMatrix, pdfioAdobeRGBWhitePoint);
+pdfio_array_t *adobe_rgb =
+    pdfioArrayCreateColorFromMatrix(pdf, 3, pdfioAdobeRGBGamma,
+                                    pdfioAdobeRGBMatrix,
+                                    pdfioAdobeRGBWhitePoint);
 
 // Create a 1024x1024 RGBA image using AdobeRGB
 unsigned char data[1024 * 1024 * 4]; // 1024x1024 RGBA image data
-pdfio_obj_t *img = pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData(pdf, data, /*width*/1024, /*height*/1024, /*num_colors*/3, /*color_data*/adobe_rgb, /*alpha*/true, /*interpolate*/false);
+pdfio_obj_t *img =
+    pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData(pdf, data, /*width*/1024,
+                                    /*height*/1024, /*num_colors*/3,
+                                    /*color_data*/adobe_rgb,
+                                    /*alpha*/true,
+                                    /*interpolate*/false);
 ```
 
 The "interpolate" argument specifies whether the colors in the image should be
@@ -489,9 +759,14 @@ function to copy the image into a PDF image object, for example:
 
 ```c
 pdfio_file_t *pdf = pdfioFileCreate(...);
-pdfio_obj_t *img = pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile(pdf, "myphoto.jpg", /*interpolate*/true);
+pdfio_obj_t *img =
+    pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile(pdf, "myphoto.jpg",
+                                    /*interpolate*/true);
 ```
 
+> Note: Currently `pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile` does not support 12 bit JPEG
+> files or PNG files with an alpha channel.
+
 
 ### Page Dictionary Functions
 
@@ -591,10 +866,11 @@ escaping, as needed:
 Examples
 ========
 
+
 Read PDF Metadata
 -----------------
 
-The following example function will open a PDF file and print the title, author,
+The `pdfioinfo.c` example program opens a PDF file and prints the title, author,
 creation date, and number of pages:
 
 ```c
@@ -602,24 +878,37 @@ creation date, and number of pages:
 #include <time.h>
 
 
-void
-show_pdf_info(const char *filename)
+int                                     // O - Exit status
+main(int  argc,                         // I - Number of command-line arguments
+     char *argv[])                      // Command-line arguments
 {
-  pdfio_file_t *pdf;
-  time_t       creation_date;
-  struct tm    *creation_tm;
-  char         creation_text[256];
+  const char    *filename;              // PDF filename
+  pdfio_file_t  *pdf;                   // PDF file
+  time_t        creation_date;          // Creation date
+  struct tm     *creation_tm;           // Creation date/time information
+  char          creation_text[256];     // Creation date/time as a string
 
 
+  // Get the filename from the command-line...
+  if (argc != 2)
+  {
+    fputs("Usage: ./pdfioinfo FILENAME.pdf\n", stderr);
+    return (1);
+  }
+
+  filename = argv[1];
+
   // Open the PDF file with the default callbacks...
-  pdf = pdfioFileOpen(filename, /*password_cb*/NULL, /*password_cbdata*/NULL, /*error_cb*/NULL, /*error_cbdata*/NULL);
+  pdf = pdfioFileOpen(filename, /*password_cb*/NULL,
+                      /*password_cbdata*/NULL, /*error_cb*/NULL,
+                      /*error_cbdata*/NULL);
   if (pdf == NULL)
-    return;
+    return (1);
 
   // Get the creation date and convert to a string...
   creation_date = pdfioFileGetCreationDate(pdf);
   creation_tm   = localtime(&creation_date);
-  strftime(creation_text, sizeof(creation_text), "%c", &creation_tm);
+  strftime(creation_text, sizeof(creation_text), "%c", creation_tm);
 
   // Print file information to stdout...
   printf("%s:\n", filename);
@@ -630,6 +919,8 @@ show_pdf_info(const char *filename)
 
   // Close the PDF file...
   pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+
+  return (0);
 }
 ```
 
@@ -637,9 +928,11 @@ show_pdf_info(const char *filename)
 Create PDF File With Text and Image
 -----------------------------------
 
-The following example function will create a PDF file, embed a base font and the
-named JPEG or PNG image file, and then creates a page with the image centered on
-the page with the text centered below:
+The `image2pdf.c` example code creates a PDF file containing a JPEG or PNG
+image file and optional caption on a single page.  The `create_pdf_image_file`
+function creates the PDF file, embeds a base font and the named JPEG or PNG
+image file, and then creates a page with the image centered on the page with any
+text centered below:
 
 ```c
 #include <pdfio.h>
@@ -647,28 +940,47 @@ the page with the text centered below:
 #include <string.h>
 
 
-void
-create_pdf_image_file(const char *pdfname, const char *imagename, const char *caption)
+bool                                    // O - True on success, false on failure
+create_pdf_image_file(
+    const char *pdfname,                // I - PDF filename
+    const char *imagename,              // I - Image filename
+    const char *caption)                // I - Caption filename
 {
-  pdfio_file_t   *pdf;
-  pdfio_obj_t    *font;
-  pdfio_obj_t    *image;
-  pdfio_dict_t   *dict;
-  pdfio_stream_t *page;
-  double         width, height;
-  double         swidth, sheight;
-  double         tx, ty;
+  pdfio_file_t   *pdf;                  // PDF file
+  pdfio_obj_t    *font;                 // Caption font
+  pdfio_obj_t    *image;                // Image
+  pdfio_dict_t   *dict;                 // Page dictionary
+  pdfio_stream_t *page;                 // Page stream
+  double         width, height;         // Width and height of image
+  double         swidth, sheight;       // Scaled width and height on page
+  double         tx, ty;                // Position on page
 
 
   // Create the PDF file...
-  pdf = pdfioFileCreate(pdfname, /*version*/NULL, /*media_box*/NULL, /*crop_box*/NULL, /*error_cb*/NULL, /*error_cbdata*/NULL);
+  pdf = pdfioFileCreate(pdfname, /*version*/NULL, /*media_box*/NULL,
+                        /*crop_box*/NULL, /*error_cb*/NULL,
+                        /*error_cbdata*/NULL);
+  if (!pdf)
+    return (false);
 
   // Create a Courier base font for the caption
   font = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromBase(pdf, "Courier");
 
+  if (!font)
+  {
+    pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+    return (false);
+  }
+
   // Create an image object from the JPEG/PNG image file...
   image = pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile(pdf, imagename, true);
 
+  if (!image)
+  {
+    pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+    return (false);
+  }
+
   // Create a page dictionary with the font and image...
   dict = pdfioDictCreate(pdf);
   pdfioPageDictAddFont(dict, "F1", font);
@@ -681,9 +993,9 @@ create_pdf_image_file(const char *pdfname, const char *imagename, const char *ca
   width  = pdfioImageGetWidth(image);
   height = pdfioImageGetHeight(image);
 
-  // Default media_box is "universal" 595.28x792 points (8.27x11in or 210x279mm)
-  // Use margins of 36 points (0.5in or 12.7mm) with another 36 points for the
-  // caption underneath...
+  // Default media_box is "universal" 595.28x792 points (8.27x11in or
+  // 210x279mm).  Use margins of 36 points (0.5in or 12.7mm) with another
+  // 36 points for the caption underneath...
   swidth  = 595.28 - 72.0;
   sheight = swidth * height / width;
   if (sheight > (792.0 - 36.0 - 72.0))
@@ -700,8 +1012,8 @@ create_pdf_image_file(const char *pdfname, const char *imagename, const char *ca
   // Draw the caption in black...
   pdfioContentSetFillColorDeviceGray(page, 0.0);
 
-  // Compute the starting point for the text - Courier is monospaced with a
-  // nominal width of 0.6 times the text height...
+  // Compute the starting point for the text - Courier is monospaced
+  // with a nominal width of 0.6 times the text height...
   tx = 0.5 * (595.28 - 18.0 * 0.6 * strlen(caption));
 
   // Position and draw the caption underneath...
@@ -714,5 +1026,405 @@ create_pdf_image_file(const char *pdfname, const char *imagename, const char *ca
   // Close the page stream and the PDF file...
   pdfioStreamClose(page);
   pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+
+  return (true);
+}
+```
+
+
+Generate a Code 128 Barcode
+---------------------------
+
+One-dimensional barcodes are often rendered using special fonts that map ASCII
+characters to sequences of bars that can be read.  The `examples` directory
+contains such a font (`code128.ttf`) to create "Code 128" barcodes, with an
+accompanying bit of example code in `code128.c`.
+
+The first thing you need to do is prepare the barcode string to use with the
+font.  Each barcode begins with a start pattern followed by the characters or
+digits you want to encode, a weighted sum digit, and a stop pattern.  The
+`make_code128` function creates this string:
+
+```c
+static char *                           // O - Output string
+make_code128(char       *dst,           // I - Destination buffer
+             const char *src,           // I - Source string
+             size_t     dstsize)        // I - Size of destination buffer
+{
+  char          *dstptr,                // Pointer into destination buffer
+                *dstend;                // End of destination buffer
+  int           sum;                    // Weighted sum
+  static const char *code128_chars =    // Code 128 characters
+                " !\"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?"
+                "@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\]^_"
+                "`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~\303"
+                "\304\305\306\307\310\311\312";
+  static const char code128_start_code_b = '\314';
+                                        // Start code B
+  static const char code128_stop = '\316';
+                                        // Stop pattern
+
+
+  // Start a Code B barcode...
+  dstptr = dst;
+  dstend = dst + dstsize - 3;
+
+  *dstptr++ = code128_start_code_b;
+  sum       = code128_start_code_b - 100;
+
+  while (*src && dstptr < dstend)
+  {
+    if (*src >= ' ' && *src < 0x7f)
+    {
+      sum       += (dstptr - dst) * (*src - ' ');
+      *dstptr++ = *src;
+    }
+
+    src ++;
+  }
+
+  // Add the weighted sum modulo 103
+  *dstptr++ = code128_chars[sum % 103];
+
+  // Add the stop pattern and return...
+  *dstptr++ = code128_stop;
+  *dstptr   = '\0';
+
+  return (dst);
+}
+```
+
+The `main` function does the rest of the work.  The barcode font is imported
+using the [`pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile`](@@) function.  We pass `false`
+for the "unicode" argument since we just want the (default) ASCII encoding:
+
+```c
+barcode_font = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, "code128.ttf",
+                                              /*unicode*/false);
+```
+
+Since barcodes usually have the number or text represented by the barcode
+printed underneath it, we also need a regular text font, for which we can choose
+one of the standard 14 PostScript base fonts using the
+[`pdfioFIleCreateFontObjFromBase`](@@) function:
+
+```c
+text_font = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromBase(pdf, "Helvetica");
+```
+
+Once we have these fonts we can measure the barcode and regular text labels
+using the [`pdfioContentTextMeasure`](@@) function to determine how large the
+PDF page needs to be to hold the barcode and text:
+
+```c
+// Compute sizes of the text...
+const char *barcode = argv[1];
+char barcode_temp[256];
+
+if (!(barcode[0] & 0x80))
+  barcode = make_code128(barcode_temp, barcode, sizeof(barcode_temp));
+
+double barcode_height = 36.0;
+double barcode_width =
+    pdfioContentTextMeasure(barcode_font, barcode, barcode_height);
+
+const char *text = argv[2];
+double text_height = 0.0;
+double text_width = 0.0;
+
+if (text && text_font)
+{
+  text_height = 9.0;
+  text_width  = pdfioContentTextMeasure(text_font, text,
+                                        text_height);
+}
+
+// Compute the size of the PDF page...
+pdfio_rect_t media_box;
+
+media_box.x1 = 0.0;
+media_box.y1 = 0.0;
+media_box.x2 = (barcode_width > text_width ?
+                    barcode_width : text_width) + 18.0;
+media_box.y2 = barcode_height + text_height + 18.0;
+```
+
+Finally, we just need to create a page of the specified size that references the
+two fonts:
+
+```c
+// Start a page for the barcode...
+page_dict = pdfioDictCreate(pdf);
+
+pdfioDictSetRect(page_dict, "MediaBox", &media_box);
+pdfioDictSetRect(page_dict, "CropBox", &media_box);
+
+pdfioPageDictAddFont(page_dict, "B128", barcode_font);
+if (text_font)
+  pdfioPageDictAddFont(page_dict, "TEXT", text_font);
+
+page_st = pdfioFileCreatePage(pdf, page_dict);
+```
+
+With the barcode font called "B128" and the text font called "TEXT", we can
+use them to draw two strings:
+
+```c
+// Draw the page...
+pdfioContentSetFillColorGray(page_st, 0.0);
+
+pdfioContentSetTextFont(page_st, "B128", barcode_height);
+pdfioContentTextBegin(page_st);
+pdfioContentTextMoveTo(page_st, 0.5 * (media_box.x2 - barcode_width),
+                       9.0 + text_height);
+pdfioContentTextShow(page_st, /*unicode*/false, barcode);
+pdfioContentTextEnd(page_st);
+
+if (text && text_font)
+{
+  pdfioContentSetTextFont(page_st, "TEXT", text_height);
+  pdfioContentTextBegin(page_st);
+  pdfioContentTextMoveTo(page_st, 0.5 * (media_box.x2 - text_width), 9.0);
+  pdfioContentTextShow(page_st, /*unicode*/false, text);
+  pdfioContentTextEnd(page_st);
+}
+
+pdfioStreamClose(page_st);
+```
+
+
+Convert Markdown to PDF
+-----------------------
+
+Markdown is a simple plain text format that supports things like headings,
+links, character styles, tables, and embedded images.  The `md2pdf.c` example
+code uses the [mmd](https://www.msweet.org/mmd/) library to convert markdown to
+a PDF file that can be distributed.
+
+> Note: The md2pdf example is by far the most complex example code included with
+> PDFio and shows how to layout text, add headers and footers, add links, embed
+> images, format tables, and add an outline (table of contents) for navigation.
+
+### Managing Document State
+
+The `md2pdf` program needs to maintain three sets of state - one for the
+markdown document which is represented by nodes of type `mmd_t` and the others
+for the PDF document and current PDF page which are contained in the `docdata_t`
+structure:
+
+```c
+typedef struct docdata_s                // Document formatting data
+{
+  // State for the whole document
+  pdfio_file_t  *pdf;                   // PDF file
+  pdfio_rect_t  media_box;              // Media (page) box
+  pdfio_rect_t  crop_box;               // Crop box (for margins)
+  pdfio_rect_t  art_box;                // Art box (for markdown content)
+  pdfio_obj_t   *fonts[DOCFONT_MAX];    // Embedded fonts
+  size_t        num_images;             // Number of embedded images
+  docimage_t    images[DOCIMAGE_MAX];   // Embedded images
+  const char    *title;                 // Document title
+  char          *heading;               // Current document heading
+  size_t        num_actions;            // Number of actions for this document
+  docaction_t   actions[DOCACTION_MAX]; // Actions for this document
+  size_t        num_targets;            // Number of targets for this document
+  doctarget_t   targets[DOCTARGET_MAX]; // Targets for this document
+  size_t        num_toc;                // Number of table-of-contents entries
+  doctoc_t      toc[DOCTOC_MAX];        // Table-of-contents entries
+
+  // State for the current page
+  pdfio_stream_t *st;                   // Current page stream
+  double        y;                      // Current position on page
+  docfont_t     font;                   // Current font
+  double        fsize;                  // Current font size
+  doccolor_t    color;                  // Current color
+  pdfio_array_t *annots_array;          // Annotations array (for links)
+  pdfio_obj_t   *annots_obj;            // Annotations object (for links)
+  size_t        num_links;              // Number of links for this page
+  doclink_t     links[DOCLINK_MAX];     // Links for this page
+} docdata_t;
+```
+
+
+#### Document State
+
+The output is fixed to the "universal" media size (the intersection of US Letter
+and ISO A4) with 1/2 inch margins - the `PAGE_` constants can be changed to
+select a different size or margins.  The `media_box` member contains the
+"MediaBox" rectangle for the PDF pages, while the `crop_box` and `art_box`
+members contain the "CropBox" and "ArtBox" values, respectively.
+
+Four embedded fonts are used:
+
+- `DOCFONT_REGULAR`: the default font used for text,
+- `DOCFONT_BOLD`: a boldface font used for heading and strong text,
+- `DOCFONT_ITALIC`: an italic/oblique font used for emphasized text, and
+- `DOCFONT_MONOSPACE`: a fixed-width font used for code.
+
+By default the code uses the base PostScript fonts Helvetica, Helvetica-Bold,
+Helvetica-Oblique, and Courier.  The `USE_TRUETYPE` define can be used to
+replace these with the Roboto TrueType fonts.
+
+Embedded JPEG and PNG images are copied into the PDF document, with the `images`
+array containing the list of the images and their objects.
+
+The `title` member contains the document title, while the `heading` member
+contains the current heading text.
+
+The `actions` array contains a list of action dictionaries for interior document
+links that need to be resolved, while the `targets` array keeps track of the
+location of the headings in the PDF document.
+
+The `toc` array contains a list of headings and is used to construct the PDF
+outlines dictionaries/objects, which provides a table of contents for navigation
+in most PDF readers.
+
+
+#### Page State
+
+The `st` member provides the stream for the current page content.  The `color`,
+`font`, `fsize`, and `y` members provide the current graphics state on the page.
+
+The `annots_array`, `annots_obj`, `num_links`, and `links` members contain a
+list of hyperlinks on the current page.
+
+
+### Creating Pages
+
+The `new_page` function is used to start a new page.  Aside from creating the
+new page object and stream, it adds a standard header and footer to the page.
+It starts by closing the current page if it is open:
+
+```c
+// Close the current page...
+if (dd->st)
+{
+  pdfioStreamClose(dd->st);
+  add_links(dd);
+}
+```
+
+The new page needs a dictionary containing any link annotations, the media and
+art boxes, the four fonts, and any images:
+
+```c
+// Prep the new page...
+page_dict = pdfioDictCreate(dd->pdf);
+
+dd->annots_array = pdfioArrayCreate(dd->pdf);
+dd->annots_obj   = pdfioFileCreateArrayObj(dd->pdf, dd->annots_array);
+pdfioDictSetObj(page_dict, "Annots", dd->annots_obj);
+
+pdfioDictSetRect(page_dict, "MediaBox", &dd->media_box);
+pdfioDictSetRect(page_dict, "ArtBox", &dd->art_box);
+
+for (fontface = DOCFONT_REGULAR; fontface < DOCFONT_MAX; fontface ++)
+  pdfioPageDictAddFont(page_dict, docfont_names[fontface],
+                       dd->fonts[fontface]);
+
+for (i = 0; i < dd->num_images; i ++)
+  pdfioPageDictAddImage(page_dict,
+                        pdfioStringCreatef(dd->pdf, "I%u",
+                                           (unsigned)i),
+                        dd->images[i].obj);
+```
+
+Once the page dictionary is initialized, we create a new page and initialize
+the current graphics state:
+
+```c
+dd->st    = pdfioFileCreatePage(dd->pdf, page_dict);
+dd->color = DOCCOLOR_BLACK;
+dd->font  = DOCFONT_MAX;
+dd->fsize = 0.0;
+dd->y     = dd->art_box.y2;
+```
+
+The header consists of a dark gray separating line and the document title.  We
+don't show the header on the first page:
+
+```c
+// Add header/footer text
+set_color(dd, DOCCOLOR_GRAY);
+set_font(dd, DOCFONT_REGULAR, SIZE_HEADFOOT);
+
+if (pdfioFileGetNumPages(dd->pdf) > 1 && dd->title)
+{
+  // Show title in header...
+  width = pdfioContentTextMeasure(dd->fonts[DOCFONT_REGULAR],
+                                  dd->title, SIZE_HEADFOOT);
+
+  pdfioContentTextBegin(dd->st);
+  pdfioContentTextMoveTo(dd->st,
+                         dd->crop_box.x1 + 0.5 * (dd->crop_box.x2 -
+                             dd->crop_box.x1 - width),
+                         dd->crop_box.y2 - SIZE_HEADFOOT);
+  pdfioContentTextShow(dd->st, UNICODE_VALUE, dd->title);
+  pdfioContentTextEnd(dd->st);
+
+  pdfioContentPathMoveTo(dd->st, dd->crop_box.x1,
+                         dd->crop_box.y2 -
+                             2 * SIZE_HEADFOOT * LINE_HEIGHT +
+                             SIZE_HEADFOOT);
+  pdfioContentPathLineTo(dd->st, dd->crop_box.x2,
+                         dd->crop_box.y2 -
+                             2 * SIZE_HEADFOOT * LINE_HEIGHT +
+                             SIZE_HEADFOOT);
+  pdfioContentStroke(dd->st);
+}
+```
+
+The footer contains the same dark gray separating line with the current heading
+and page number on opposite sides.  The page number is always positioned on the
+outer edge for a two-sided print - right justified on odd numbered pages and
+left justified on even numbered pages:
+
+```c
+// Show page number and current heading...
+pdfioContentPathMoveTo(dd->st, dd->crop_box.x1,
+                       dd->crop_box.y1 + SIZE_HEADFOOT * LINE_HEIGHT);
+pdfioContentPathLineTo(dd->st, dd->crop_box.x2,
+                       dd->crop_box.y1 + SIZE_HEADFOOT * LINE_HEIGHT);
+pdfioContentStroke(dd->st);
+
+pdfioContentTextBegin(dd->st);
+snprintf(temp, sizeof(temp), "%u",
+         (unsigned)pdfioFileGetNumPages(dd->pdf));
+if (pdfioFileGetNumPages(dd->pdf) & 1)
+{
+  // Page number on right...
+  width = pdfioContentTextMeasure(dd->fonts[DOCFONT_REGULAR], temp,
+                                  SIZE_HEADFOOT);
+  pdfioContentTextMoveTo(dd->st, dd->crop_box.x2 - width,
+                         dd->crop_box.y1);
+}
+else
+{
+  // Page number on left...
+  pdfioContentTextMoveTo(dd->st, dd->crop_box.x1, dd->crop_box.y1);
+}
+
+pdfioContentTextShow(dd->st, UNICODE_VALUE, temp);
+pdfioContentTextEnd(dd->st);
+
+if (dd->heading)
+{
+  pdfioContentTextBegin(dd->st);
+
+  if (pdfioFileGetNumPages(dd->pdf) & 1)
+  {
+    // Current heading on left...
+    pdfioContentTextMoveTo(dd->st, dd->crop_box.x1, dd->crop_box.y1);
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    width = pdfioContentTextMeasure(dd->fonts[DOCFONT_REGULAR],
+                                    dd->heading, SIZE_HEADFOOT);
+    pdfioContentTextMoveTo(dd->st, dd->crop_box.x2 - width,
+                           dd->crop_box.y1);
+  }
+
+  pdfioContentTextShow(dd->st, UNICODE_VALUE, dd->heading);
+  pdfioContentTextEnd(dd->st);
 }
 ```

examples/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#
+# Makefile for PDFio examples.
+#
+# Copyright © 2024 by Michael R Sweet.
+#
+# Licensed under Apache License v2.0.  See the file "LICENSE" for more
+# information.
+#
+
+# POSIX makefile
+.POSIX:
+
+
+# Common options
+#CFLAGS		=	-g $(CPPFLAGS)
+CFLAGS		=	-g -fsanitize=address $(CPPFLAGS)
+CPPFLAGS	=	-I..
+LIBS		=	-L.. -lpdfio -lz
+
+
+# Targets
+TARGETS		=	\
+			code128 \
+			image2pdf \
+			md2pdf \
+			pdfioinfo
+
+
+# Make everything
+all:	$(TARGETS)
+
+
+# Clean everything
+clean:
+	rm -f $(TARGETS)
+
+
+# code128
+code128:	code128.c
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ code128.c $(LIBS)
+
+
+# image2pdf
+image2pdf:	image2pdf.c
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ image2pdf.c $(LIBS)
+
+
+# md2pdf
+md2pdf:		md2pdf.c mmd.c mmd.h
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ md2pdf.c mmd.c $(LIBS)
+
+
+# pdfioinfo
+pdfioinfo:	pdfioinfo.c
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ pdfioinfo.c $(LIBS)
+
+
+# Common dependencies...
+$(TARGETS):	Makefile ../pdfio.h ../pdfio-content.h

examples/code128.c

@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+//
+// Code 128 barcode example for PDFio.
+//
+// Copyright © 2024 by Michael R Sweet.
+//
+// Licensed under Apache License v2.0.  See the file "LICENSE" for more
+// information.
+//
+// Usage:
+//
+//   ./code128 "BARCODE" ["TEXT"] >FILENAME.pdf
+//
+
+#include <pdfio.h>
+#include <pdfio-content.h>
+
+
+//
+// 'make_code128()' - Make a Code 128 barcode string.
+//
+// This function produces a Code B (printable ASCII) representation of the
+// source string and doesn't try to optimize using Code C.  Non-printable and
+// extended characters are ignored in the source string.
+//
+
+static char *				// O - Output string
+make_code128(char       *dst,		// I - Destination buffer
+             const char *src,		// I - Source string
+             size_t     dstsize)	// I - Size of destination buffer
+{
+  char		*dstptr,		// Pointer into destination buffer
+		*dstend;		// End of destination buffer
+  int		sum;			// Weighted sum
+  static const char *code128_chars =	// Code 128 characters
+		" !\"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?"
+		"@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\]^_"
+		"`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~\303"
+		"\304\305\306\307\310\311\312";
+  static const char code128_fnc_3 = '\304';
+					// FNC 3
+  static const char code128_fnc_2 = '\305';
+					// FNC 2
+  static const char code128_shift_b = '\306';
+					// Shift B (for lowercase)
+  static const char code128_code_c = '\307';
+					// Code C
+  static const char code128_code_b = '\310';
+					// Code B
+  static const char code128_fnc_4 = '\311';
+					// FNC 4
+  static const char code128_fnc_1 = '\312';
+					// FNC 1
+  static const char code128_start_code_a = '\313';
+					// Start code A
+  static const char code128_start_code_b = '\314';
+					// Start code B
+  static const char code128_start_code_c = '\315';
+					// Start code C
+  static const char code128_stop = '\316';
+					// Stop pattern
+
+
+  // Start a Code B barcode...
+  dstptr = dst;
+  dstend = dst + dstsize - 3;
+
+  *dstptr++ = code128_start_code_b;
+  sum       = code128_start_code_b - 100;
+
+  while (*src && dstptr < dstend)
+  {
+    if (*src >= ' ' && *src < 0x7f)
+    {
+      sum       += (dstptr - dst) * (*src - ' ');
+      *dstptr++ = *src;
+    }
+
+    src ++;
+  }
+
+  // Add the weighted sum modulo 103
+  *dstptr++ = code128_chars[sum % 103];
+
+  // Add the stop pattern and return...
+  *dstptr++ = code128_stop;
+  *dstptr   = '\0';
+
+  return (dst);
+}
+
+
+//
+// 'output_cb()' - Write PDF data to the standard output...
+//
+
+static ssize_t				// O - Number of bytes written
+output_cb(void       *output_cbdata,	// I - Callback data (not used)
+          const void *buffer,		// I - Buffer to write
+          size_t     bytes)		// I - Number of bytes to write
+{
+  (void)output_cbdata;
+
+  return ((ssize_t)fwrite(buffer, 1, bytes, stdout));
+}
+
+
+//
+// 'main()' - Produce a single-page barcode file.
+//
+
+int					// O - Exit status
+main(int  argc,				// I - Number of command-line arguments
+     char *argv[])			// I - Command-line arguments
+{
+  const char	*barcode,		// Barcode to show
+		*text;			// Text to display under barcode
+  pdfio_file_t	*pdf;			// Output PDF file
+  pdfio_obj_t	*barcode_font;		// Barcode font object
+  pdfio_obj_t	*text_font = NULL;	// Text font object
+  pdfio_dict_t	*page_dict;		// Page dictionary
+  pdfio_rect_t	media_box;		// Media/CropBox for page
+  pdfio_stream_t *page_st;		// Page stream
+  char		barcode_temp[256];	// Barcode buffer
+  double	barcode_height = 36.0,	// Height of barcode
+		barcode_width,		// Width of barcode
+		text_height = 0.0,	// Height of text
+		text_width = 0.0;	// Width of text
+
+
+  // Get the barcode and optional text from the command-line...
+  if (argc < 2 || argc > 3)
+  {
+    fputs("Usage: code128 \"BARCODE\" [\"TEXT\"] >FILENAME.pdf\n", stderr);
+    return (1);
+  }
+
+  barcode = argv[1];
+  text    = argv[2];
+
+  // Output a PDF file to the standard output...
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  setmode(1, O_BINARY);			// Force binary output on Windows
+#endif // _WIN32
+
+  if ((pdf = pdfioFileCreateOutput(output_cb, /*output_cbdata*/NULL, /*version*/NULL, /*media_box*/NULL, /*crop_box*/NULL, /*error_cb*/NULL, /*error_data*/NULL)) == NULL)
+    return (1);
+
+  // Load fonts...
+  barcode_font = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile(pdf, "code128.ttf", /*unicode*/false);
+  if (text)
+    text_font = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromBase(pdf, "Helvetica");
+
+  // Generate Code128 characters for the desired barcode...
+  if (!(barcode[0] & 0x80))
+    barcode = make_code128(barcode_temp, barcode, sizeof(barcode_temp));
+
+  // Compute sizes of the text...
+  barcode_width = pdfioContentTextMeasure(barcode_font, barcode, barcode_height);
+  if (text && text_font)
+  {
+    text_height = 9.0;
+    text_width  = pdfioContentTextMeasure(text_font, text, text_height);
+  }
+
+  // Compute the size of the PDF page...
+  media_box.x1 = 0.0;
+  media_box.y1 = 0.0;
+  media_box.x2 = (barcode_width > text_width ? barcode_width : text_width) + 18.0;
+  media_box.y2 = barcode_height + text_height + 18.0;
+
+  // Start a page for the barcode...
+  page_dict = pdfioDictCreate(pdf);
+
+  pdfioDictSetRect(page_dict, "MediaBox", &media_box);
+  pdfioDictSetRect(page_dict, "CropBox", &media_box);
+
+  pdfioPageDictAddFont(page_dict, "B128", barcode_font);
+  if (text_font)
+    pdfioPageDictAddFont(page_dict, "TEXT", text_font);
+
+  page_st = pdfioFileCreatePage(pdf, page_dict);
+
+  // Draw the page...
+  pdfioContentSetFillColorGray(page_st, 0.0);
+
+  pdfioContentSetTextFont(page_st, "B128", barcode_height);
+  pdfioContentTextBegin(page_st);
+  pdfioContentTextMoveTo(page_st, 0.5 * (media_box.x2 - barcode_width), 9.0 + text_height);
+  pdfioContentTextShow(page_st, /*unicode*/false, barcode);
+  pdfioContentTextEnd(page_st);
+
+  if (text && text_font)
+  {
+    pdfioContentSetTextFont(page_st, "TEXT", text_height);
+    pdfioContentTextBegin(page_st);
+    pdfioContentTextMoveTo(page_st, 0.5 * (media_box.x2 - text_width), 9.0);
+    pdfioContentTextShow(page_st, /*unicode*/false, text);
+    pdfioContentTextEnd(page_st);
+  }
+
+  pdfioStreamClose(page_st);
+
+  // Close and return...
+  pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+
+  return (0);
+}
+

examples/image2pdf.c

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+//
+// Image example for PDFio.
+//
+// Copyright © 2023-2024 by Michael R Sweet.
+//
+// Licensed under Apache License v2.0.  See the file "LICENSE" for more
+// information.
+//
+// Usage:
+//
+//   ./image2pdf FILENAME.{jpg,png} FILENAME.pdf ["TEXT"]
+//
+
+#include <pdfio.h>
+#include <pdfio-content.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+
+//
+// 'create_pdf_image_file()' - Create a PDF file of an image with optional caption.
+//
+
+bool					// O - True on success, false on failure
+create_pdf_image_file(
+    const char *pdfname,		// I - PDF filename
+    const char *imagename,		// I - Image filename
+    const char *caption)		// I - Caption filename
+{
+  pdfio_file_t   *pdf;			// PDF file
+  pdfio_obj_t    *font;			// Caption font
+  pdfio_obj_t    *image;		// Image
+  pdfio_dict_t   *dict;			// Page dictionary
+  pdfio_stream_t *page;			// Page stream
+  double         width, height;		// Width and height of image
+  double         swidth, sheight;	// Scaled width and height on page
+  double         tx, ty;		// Position on page
+
+
+  // Create the PDF file...
+  pdf = pdfioFileCreate(pdfname, /*version*/NULL, /*media_box*/NULL,
+                        /*crop_box*/NULL, /*error_cb*/NULL,
+                        /*error_cbdata*/NULL);
+  if (!pdf)
+    return (false);
+
+  // Create a Courier base font for the caption
+  font = pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromBase(pdf, "Courier");
+
+  if (!font)
+  {
+    pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+    return (false);
+  }
+
+  // Create an image object from the JPEG/PNG image file...
+  image = pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile(pdf, imagename, true);
+
+  if (!image)
+  {
+    pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+    return (false);
+  }
+
+  // Create a page dictionary with the font and image...
+  dict = pdfioDictCreate(pdf);
+  pdfioPageDictAddFont(dict, "F1", font);
+  pdfioPageDictAddImage(dict, "IM1", image);
+
+  // Create the page and its content stream...
+  page = pdfioFileCreatePage(pdf, dict);
+
+  // Position and scale the image on the page...
+  width  = pdfioImageGetWidth(image);
+  height = pdfioImageGetHeight(image);
+
+  // Default media_box is "universal" 595.28x792 points (8.27x11in or
+  // 210x279mm).  Use margins of 36 points (0.5in or 12.7mm) with another
+  // 36 points for the caption underneath...
+  swidth  = 595.28 - 72.0;
+  sheight = swidth * height / width;
+  if (sheight > (792.0 - 36.0 - 72.0))
+  {
+    sheight = 792.0 - 36.0 - 72.0;
+    swidth  = sheight * width / height;
+  }
+
+  tx = 0.5 * (595.28 - swidth);
+  ty = 0.5 * (792 - 36 - sheight);
+
+  pdfioContentDrawImage(page, "IM1", tx, ty + 36.0, swidth, sheight);
+
+  // Draw the caption in black...
+  pdfioContentSetFillColorDeviceGray(page, 0.0);
+
+  // Compute the starting point for the text - Courier is monospaced
+  // with a nominal width of 0.6 times the text height...
+  tx = 0.5 * (595.28 - 18.0 * 0.6 * strlen(caption));
+
+  // Position and draw the caption underneath...
+  pdfioContentTextBegin(page);
+  pdfioContentSetTextFont(page, "F1", 18.0);
+  pdfioContentTextMoveTo(page, tx, ty);
+  pdfioContentTextShow(page, /*unicode*/false, caption);
+  pdfioContentTextEnd(page);
+
+  // Close the page stream and the PDF file...
+  pdfioStreamClose(page);
+  pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+
+  return (true);
+}
+
+
+//
+// 'main()' - Produce a single-page file from an image.
+//
+
+int					// O - Exit status
+main(int  argc,				// I - Number of command-line arguments
+     char *argv[])			// I - Command-line arguments
+{
+  const char	*imagefile,		// Image filename
+		*pdffile,		// PDF filename
+		*caption;		// Caption text
+
+
+  // Get the image file, PDF file, and optional caption text from the command-line...
+  if (argc < 3 || argc > 4)
+  {
+    fputs("Usage: image2pdf FILENAME.{jpg,png} FILENAME.pdf [\"TEXT\"]\n", stderr);
+    return (1);
+  }
+
+  imagefile = argv[1];
+  pdffile   = argv[2];
+  caption   = argv[3];
+
+  return (create_pdf_image_file(imagefile, pdffile, caption) ? 0 : 1);
+}

examples/md2pdf.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+---
+title: Markdown to PDF Converter Example
+...
+
+Markdown to PDF Converter Example
+=================================
+
+The `md2pdf` example program reads a markdown file and formats the content onto
+pages in a PDF file.  It demonstrates how to:
+
+- Embed base and TrueType fonts,
+- Format text,
+- Embed JPEG and PNG images,
+- Add headers and footers, and
+- Add hyperlinks.
+
+
+Source Files
+------------
+
+The `md2pdf` program is organized into three source files: `md2pdf.c` which
+contains the code to format the markdown content and `mmd.h` and `mmd.c` (from
+the [Miniature Markdown Library][MMD] project) which load the markdown content.
+
+[MMD]: https://www.msweet.org/mmd/
+
+

examples/mmd.h

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+//
+// Header file for miniature markdown library.
+//
+//     https://www.msweet.org/mmd
+//
+// Copyright © 2017-2024 by Michael R Sweet.
+//
+// Licensed under Apache License v2.0.  See the file "LICENSE" for more
+// information.
+//
+
+#ifndef MMD_H
+#  define MMD_H
+#  include <stdio.h>
+#  include <stdbool.h>
+#  ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#  endif // __cplusplus
+
+
+//
+// Constants...
+//
+
+enum mmd_option_e
+{
+  MMD_OPTION_NONE = 0x00,		// No markdown extensions
+  MMD_OPTION_METADATA = 0x01,		// Jekyll metadata extension
+  MMD_OPTION_TABLES = 0x02,		// Github table extension
+  MMD_OPTION_TASKS = 0x04,		// Github task item extension (check boxes)
+  MMD_OPTION_ALL = 0x07			// All supported markdown extensions
+};
+typedef unsigned mmd_option_t;
+
+typedef enum mmd_type_e
+{
+  MMD_TYPE_NONE = -1,
+  MMD_TYPE_DOCUMENT,			// The document root
+  MMD_TYPE_METADATA,			// Document metadata
+  MMD_TYPE_BLOCK_QUOTE,			// <blockquote>
+  MMD_TYPE_ORDERED_LIST,		// <ol>
+  MMD_TYPE_UNORDERED_LIST,		// <ul>
+  MMD_TYPE_LIST_ITEM,			// <li>
+  MMD_TYPE_TABLE,			// <table>
+  MMD_TYPE_TABLE_HEADER,		// <thead>
+  MMD_TYPE_TABLE_BODY,			// <tbody>
+  MMD_TYPE_TABLE_ROW,			// <tr>
+  MMD_TYPE_HEADING_1 = 10,		// <h1>
+  MMD_TYPE_HEADING_2,			// <h2>
+  MMD_TYPE_HEADING_3,			// <h3>
+  MMD_TYPE_HEADING_4,			// <h4>
+  MMD_TYPE_HEADING_5,			// <h5>
+  MMD_TYPE_HEADING_6,			// <h6>
+  MMD_TYPE_PARAGRAPH,			// <p>
+  MMD_TYPE_CODE_BLOCK,			// <pre><code>
+  MMD_TYPE_THEMATIC_BREAK,		// <hr />
+  MMD_TYPE_TABLE_HEADER_CELL,		// <th>
+  MMD_TYPE_TABLE_BODY_CELL_LEFT,	// <td align="left">
+  MMD_TYPE_TABLE_BODY_CELL_CENTER,	// <td align="center">
+  MMD_TYPE_TABLE_BODY_CELL_RIGHT,	// <td align="right">
+  MMD_TYPE_NORMAL_TEXT = 100,		// Normal text
+  MMD_TYPE_EMPHASIZED_TEXT,		// <em>text</em>
+  MMD_TYPE_STRONG_TEXT,			// <strong>text</strong>
+  MMD_TYPE_STRUCK_TEXT,			// <del>text</del>
+  MMD_TYPE_LINKED_TEXT,			// <a href="link">text</a>
+  MMD_TYPE_CODE_TEXT,			// <code>text</code>
+  MMD_TYPE_IMAGE,			// <img src="link" />
+  MMD_TYPE_HARD_BREAK,			// <br />
+  MMD_TYPE_SOFT_BREAK,			// <wbr />
+  MMD_TYPE_METADATA_TEXT,		// name: value
+  MMD_TYPE_CHECKBOX			// [ ] or [x]
+} mmd_type_t;
+
+
+//
+// Types...
+//
+
+typedef struct _mmd_s mmd_t;		// Markdown node
+typedef size_t (*mmd_iocb_t)(void *cbdata, char *buffer, size_t bytes);
+					// mmdLoadIO callback function
+
+//
+// Functions...
+//
+
+extern char         *mmdCopyAllText(mmd_t *node);
+extern void         mmdFree(mmd_t *node);
+extern const char   *mmdGetExtra(mmd_t *node);
+extern mmd_t        *mmdGetFirstChild(mmd_t *node);
+extern mmd_t        *mmdGetLastChild(mmd_t *node);
+extern const char   *mmdGetMetadata(mmd_t *doc, const char *keyword);
+extern mmd_t        *mmdGetNextSibling(mmd_t *node);
+extern mmd_option_t mmdGetOptions(void);
+extern mmd_t        *mmdGetParent(mmd_t *node);
+extern mmd_t        *mmdGetPrevSibling(mmd_t *node);
+extern const char   *mmdGetText(mmd_t *node);
+extern mmd_type_t   mmdGetType(mmd_t *node);
+extern const char   *mmdGetURL(mmd_t *node);
+extern bool         mmdGetWhitespace(mmd_t *node);
+extern bool         mmdIsBlock(mmd_t *node);
+extern mmd_t        *mmdLoad(mmd_t *root, const char *filename);
+extern mmd_t        *mmdLoadFile(mmd_t *root, FILE *fp);
+extern mmd_t        *mmdLoadIO(mmd_t *root, mmd_iocb_t cb, void *cbdata);
+extern mmd_t        *mmdLoadString(mmd_t *root, const char *s);
+extern void         mmdSetOptions(mmd_option_t options);
+
+
+#  ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#  endif // __cplusplus
+#endif // !MMD_H

examples/pdfioinfo.c

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+//
+// PDF metadata example for PDFio.
+//
+// Copyright © 2023-2024 by Michael R Sweet.
+//
+// Licensed under Apache License v2.0.  See the file "LICENSE" for more
+// information.
+//
+// Usage:
+//
+//   ./pdfioinfo FILENAME.pdf
+//
+
+#include <pdfio.h>
+#include <time.h>
+
+
+//
+// 'main()' - Open a PDF file and show its metadata.
+//
+
+int					// O - Exit status
+main(int  argc,				// I - Number of command-line arguments
+     char *argv[])			// Command-line arguments
+{
+  const char	*filename;		// PDF filename
+  pdfio_file_t	*pdf;			// PDF file
+  time_t	creation_date;		// Creation date
+  struct tm	*creation_tm;		// Creation date/time information
+  char		creation_text[256];	// Creation date/time as a string
+
+
+  // Get the filename from the command-line...
+  if (argc != 2)
+  {
+    fputs("Usage: ./pdfioinfo FILENAME.pdf\n", stderr);
+    return (1);
+  }
+
+  filename = argv[1];
+
+  // Open the PDF file with the default callbacks...
+  pdf = pdfioFileOpen(filename, /*password_cb*/NULL,
+                      /*password_cbdata*/NULL, /*error_cb*/NULL,
+                      /*error_cbdata*/NULL);
+  if (pdf == NULL)
+    return (1);
+
+  // Get the creation date and convert to a string...
+  creation_date = pdfioFileGetCreationDate(pdf);
+  creation_tm   = localtime(&creation_date);
+  strftime(creation_text, sizeof(creation_text), "%c", creation_tm);
+
+  // Print file information to stdout...
+  printf("%s:\n", filename);
+  printf("         Title: %s\n", pdfioFileGetTitle(pdf));
+  printf("        Author: %s\n", pdfioFileGetAuthor(pdf));
+  printf("    Created On: %s\n", creation_text);
+  printf("  Number Pages: %u\n", (unsigned)pdfioFileGetNumPages(pdf));
+
+  // Close the PDF file...
+  pdfioFileClose(pdf);
+
+  return (0);
+}

pdfio-array.c

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 //
 // PDF array functions for PDFio.
 //
-// Copyright © 2021 by Michael R Sweet.
+// Copyright © 2021-2024 by Michael R Sweet.
 //
 // Licensed under Apache License v2.0.  See the file "LICENSE" for more
 // information.
@@ -363,6 +363,9 @@ _pdfioArrayDebug(pdfio_array_t *a,	// I - Array
   _pdfio_value_t	*v;		// Current value
 
 
+  if (!a)
+    return;
+
   putc('[', fp);
   for (i = a->num_values, v = a->values; i > 0; i --, v ++)
     _pdfioValueDebug(v, fp);
@@ -634,6 +637,28 @@ _pdfioArrayRead(pdfio_file_t   *pdf,	// I - PDF file
 }
 
 
+//
+// 'pdfioArrayRemove()' - Remove an array entry.
+//
+
+bool					// O - `true` on success, `false` otherwise
+pdfioArrayRemove(pdfio_array_t *a,	// I - Array
+                 size_t        n)	// I - Index
+{
+  if (!a || n >= a->num_values)
+    return (false);
+
+  if (a->values[n].type == PDFIO_VALTYPE_BINARY)
+    free(a->values[n].value.binary.data);
+
+  a->num_values --;
+  if (n < a->num_values)
+    memmove(a->values + n, a->values + n + 1, (a->num_values - n) * sizeof(_pdfio_value_t));
+
+  return (true);
+}
+
+
 //
 // '_pdfioArrayWrite()' - Write an array to a PDF file.
 //

pdfio-base-font-widths.h

@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+//
+// PDF base font widths for PDFio.
+//
+// Copyright © 2024 by Michael R Sweet.
+//
+// Licensed under Apache License v2.0.  See the file "LICENSE" for more
+// information.
+//
+
+#ifndef PDFIO_BASE_FONT_WIDTHS_H
+#  define PDFIO_BASE_FONT_WIDTHS_H 1
+
+
+static short courier_bold_widths[256] =
+{
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 0,
+  600, 0, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 0, 600, 0,
+  0, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 0, 600, 600,
+  0, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600
+};
+
+
+static short courier_boldoblique_widths[256] =
+{
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 0,
+  600, 0, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 0, 600, 0,
+  0, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 0, 600, 600,
+  0, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600
+};
+
+
+static short courier_oblique_widths[256] =
+{
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 0,
+  600, 0, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 0, 600, 0,
+  0, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 0, 600, 600,
+  0, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600
+};
+
+
+static short courier_widths[256] =
+{
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 0,
+  600, 0, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 0, 600, 0,
+  0, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 0, 600, 600,
+  0, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600,
+  600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600, 600
+};
+
+
+static short helvetica_bold_widths[256] =
+{
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  278, 333, 474, 556, 556, 889, 722, 238, 333, 333, 389, 584, 278, 333, 278, 278,
+  556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 333, 333, 584, 584, 584, 611,
+  975, 722, 722, 722, 722, 667, 611, 778, 722, 278, 556, 722, 611, 833, 722, 778,
+  667, 778, 722, 667, 611, 722, 667, 944, 667, 667, 611, 333, 278, 333, 584, 556,
+  333, 556, 611, 556, 611, 556, 333, 611, 611, 278, 278, 556, 278, 889, 611, 611,
+  611, 611, 389, 556, 333, 611, 556, 778, 556, 556, 500, 389, 280, 389, 584, 0,
+  556, 0, 278, 556, 500, 1000, 556, 556, 333, 1000, 667, 333, 1000, 0, 611, 0,
+  0, 278, 278, 500, 500, 350, 556, 1000, 333, 1000, 556, 333, 944, 0, 500, 667,
+  0, 333, 556, 556, 556, 556, 280, 556, 333, 737, 370, 556, 584, 584, 737, 333,
+  606, 584, 351, 351, 333, 611, 556, 278, 333, 351, 365, 556, 869, 869, 869, 611,
+  722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 1000, 722, 667, 667, 667, 667, 278, 278, 278, 278,
+  722, 722, 778, 778, 778, 778, 778, 584, 778, 722, 722, 722, 722, 667, 667, 611,
+  556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 889, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 278, 278, 278, 278,
+  611, 611, 611, 611, 611, 611, 611, 584, 611, 611, 611, 611, 611, 556, 611, 556
+};
+
+
+static short helvetica_boldoblique_widths[256] =
+{
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  278, 333, 474, 556, 556, 889, 722, 238, 333, 333, 389, 584, 278, 333, 278, 278,
+  556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 333, 333, 584, 584, 584, 611,
+  975, 722, 722, 722, 722, 667, 611, 778, 722, 278, 556, 722, 611, 833, 722, 778,
+  667, 778, 722, 667, 611, 722, 667, 944, 667, 667, 611, 333, 278, 333, 584, 556,
+  333, 556, 611, 556, 611, 556, 333, 611, 611, 278, 278, 556, 278, 889, 611, 611,
+  611, 611, 389, 556, 333, 611, 556, 778, 556, 556, 500, 389, 280, 389, 584, 0,
+  556, 0, 278, 556, 500, 1000, 556, 556, 333, 1000, 667, 333, 1000, 0, 611, 0,
+  0, 278, 278, 500, 500, 350, 556, 1000, 333, 1000, 556, 333, 944, 0, 500, 667,
+  0, 333, 556, 556, 556, 556, 280, 556, 333, 737, 370, 556, 584, 584, 737, 333,
+  606, 584, 444, 444, 333, 611, 556, 278, 333, 444, 365, 556, 1055, 1055, 1055, 611,
+  722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 1000, 722, 667, 667, 667, 667, 278, 278, 278, 278,
+  722, 722, 778, 778, 778, 778, 778, 584, 778, 722, 722, 722, 722, 667, 667, 611,
+  556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 889, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 278, 278, 278, 278,
+  611, 611, 611, 611, 611, 611, 611, 584, 611, 611, 611, 611, 611, 556, 611, 556
+};
+
+
+static short helvetica_oblique_widths[256] =
+{
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  278, 278, 355, 556, 556, 889, 667, 191, 333, 333, 389, 584, 278, 333, 278, 278,
+  556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 278, 278, 584, 584, 584, 556,
+  1015, 667, 667, 722, 722, 667, 611, 778, 722, 278, 500, 667, 556, 833, 722, 778,
+  667, 778, 722, 667, 611, 722, 667, 944, 667, 667, 611, 278, 278, 278, 469, 556,
+  333, 556, 556, 500, 556, 556, 278, 556, 556, 222, 222, 500, 222, 833, 556, 556,
+  556, 556, 333, 500, 278, 556, 500, 722, 500, 500, 500, 334, 260, 334, 584, 0,
+  556, 0, 222, 556, 333, 1000, 556, 556, 333, 1000, 667, 333, 1000, 0, 611, 0,
+  0, 222, 222, 333, 333, 350, 556, 1000, 333, 1000, 500, 333, 944, 0, 500, 667,
+  0, 333, 556, 556, 556, 556, 260, 556, 333, 737, 370, 556, 584, 584, 737, 333,
+  606, 584, 390, 390, 333, 556, 537, 278, 333, 390, 365, 556, 947, 947, 947, 611,
+  667, 667, 667, 667, 667, 667, 1000, 722, 667, 667, 667, 667, 278, 278, 278, 278,
+  722, 722, 778, 778, 778, 778, 778, 584, 778, 722, 722, 722, 722, 667, 667, 611,
+  556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 889, 500, 556, 556, 556, 556, 278, 278, 278, 278,
+  556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 584, 611, 556, 556, 556, 556, 500, 556, 500
+};
+
+
+static short helvetica_widths[256] =
+{
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  278, 278, 355, 556, 556, 889, 667, 191, 333, 333, 389, 584, 278, 333, 278, 278,
+  556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 278, 278, 584, 584, 584, 556,
+  1015, 667, 667, 722, 722, 667, 611, 778, 722, 278, 500, 667, 556, 833, 722, 778,
+  667, 778, 722, 667, 611, 722, 667, 944, 667, 667, 611, 278, 278, 278, 469, 556,
+  333, 556, 556, 500, 556, 556, 278, 556, 556, 222, 222, 500, 222, 833, 556, 556,
+  556, 556, 333, 500, 278, 556, 500, 722, 500, 500, 500, 334, 260, 334, 584, 0,
+  556, 0, 222, 556, 333, 1000, 556, 556, 333, 1000, 667, 333, 1000, 0, 611, 0,
+  0, 222, 221, 333, 333, 350, 556, 1000, 333, 1000, 500, 333, 944, 0, 500, 667,
+  0, 333, 556, 556, 556, 556, 260, 556, 333, 737, 370, 556, 584, 584, 737, 333,
+  606, 584, 351, 351, 333, 556, 537, 278, 333, 351, 365, 556, 869, 869, 869, 611,
+  667, 667, 667, 667, 667, 667, 1000, 722, 667, 667, 667, 667, 278, 278, 278, 278,
+  722, 722, 778, 778, 778, 778, 778, 584, 778, 722, 722, 722, 722, 666, 666, 611,
+  556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 889, 500, 556, 556, 556, 556, 278, 278, 278, 278,
+  556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 556, 584, 611, 556, 556, 556, 556, 500, 555, 500
+};
+
+
+static short symbol_widths[256] =
+{
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  250, 333, 713, 500, 549, 833, 778, 439, 333, 333, 500, 549, 250, 549, 250, 278,
+  500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 278, 278, 549, 549, 549, 444,
+  549, 722, 667, 722, 612, 611, 763, 603, 722, 333, 631, 722, 686, 889, 722, 722,
+  768, 741, 556, 592, 611, 690, 439, 768, 645, 795, 611, 333, 863, 333, 658, 500,
+  500, 631, 549, 549, 494, 439, 521, 411, 603, 329, 603, 549, 549, 576, 521, 549,
+  549, 521, 549, 603, 439, 576, 713, 686, 493, 686, 494, 480, 200, 480, 549, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  762, 620, 247, 549, 167, 713, 500, 753, 753, 753, 753, 1042, 987, 603, 987, 603,
+  400, 549, 411, 549, 549, 713, 494, 460, 549, 549, 549, 549, 1000, 603, 1000, 658,
+  823, 686, 795, 987, 768, 768, 823, 768, 768, 713, 713, 713, 713, 713, 713, 713,
+  768, 713, 790, 790, 890, 823, 549, 250, 713, 603, 603, 1042, 987, 603, 987, 603,
+  494, 329, 790, 790, 786, 713, 384, 384, 384, 384, 384, 384, 494, 494, 494, 494,
+  0, 329, 274, 686, 686, 686, 384, 384, 384, 384, 384, 384, 494, 494, 494, 0
+};
+
+
+static short times_bold_widths[256] =
+{
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  250, 333, 555, 500, 500, 1000, 833, 278, 333, 333, 500, 570, 250, 333, 250, 278,
+  500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 333, 333, 570, 570, 570, 500,
+  930, 722, 667, 722, 722, 667, 611, 778, 778, 389, 500, 778, 667, 944, 722, 778,
+  611, 778, 722, 556, 667, 722, 722, 1000, 722, 722, 667, 333, 278, 333, 581, 500,
+  333, 500, 556, 444, 556, 444, 333, 500, 556, 278, 333, 556, 278, 833, 556, 500,
+  556, 556, 444, 389, 333, 556, 500, 722, 500, 500, 444, 394, 220, 394, 520, 0,
+  500, 0, 333, 500, 500, 1000, 500, 500, 333, 1000, 556, 333, 1000, 0, 667, 0,
+  0, 333, 333, 500, 500, 350, 500, 1000, 333, 1000, 389, 333, 722, 0, 444, 722,
+  0, 333, 500, 500, 500, 500, 220, 500, 333, 747, 300, 500, 570, 570, 747, 333,
+  400, 570, 300, 300, 333, 556, 540, 250, 333, 300, 330, 500, 750, 750, 750, 500,
+  722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 1000, 722, 667, 667, 667, 667, 389, 389, 389, 389,
+  722, 722, 778, 778, 778, 778, 778, 570, 778, 722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 611, 556,
+  500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 722, 444, 444, 444, 444, 444, 278, 278, 278, 278,
+  500, 556, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 570, 500, 556, 556, 556, 556, 500, 556, 500
+};
+
+
+static short times_bolditalic_widths[256] =
+{
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  250, 389, 555, 500, 500, 833, 778, 278, 333, 333, 500, 570, 250, 333, 250, 278,
+  500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 333, 333, 570, 570, 570, 500,
+  832, 667, 667, 667, 722, 667, 667, 722, 778, 389, 500, 667, 611, 889, 722, 722,
+  611, 722, 667, 556, 611, 722, 667, 889, 667, 611, 611, 333, 278, 333, 570, 500,
+  333, 500, 500, 444, 500, 444, 333, 500, 556, 278, 278, 500, 278, 778, 556, 500,
+  500, 500, 389, 389, 278, 556, 444, 667, 500, 444, 389, 348, 220, 348, 570, 0,
+  500, 0, 333, 500, 500, 1000, 500, 500, 333, 1000, 556, 333, 944, 0, 611, 0,
+  0, 333, 333, 500, 500, 350, 500, 1000, 333, 1000, 389, 333, 722, 0, 389, 611,
+  0, 389, 500, 500, 500, 500, 220, 500, 333, 747, 266, 500, 606, 606, 747, 333,
+  400, 570, 300, 300, 333, 576, 500, 250, 333, 300, 300, 500, 750, 750, 750, 500,
+  667, 667, 667, 667, 667, 667, 944, 667, 667, 667, 667, 667, 389, 389, 389, 389,
+  722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 570, 722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 611, 611, 500,
+  500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 722, 444, 444, 444, 444, 444, 278, 278, 278, 278,
+  500, 556, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 570, 500, 556, 556, 556, 556, 444, 500, 444
+};
+
+
+static short times_italic_widths[256] =
+{
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  250, 333, 420, 500, 500, 833, 778, 214, 333, 333, 500, 675, 250, 333, 250, 278,
+  500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 333, 333, 675, 675, 675, 500,
+  920, 611, 611, 667, 722, 611, 611, 722, 722, 333, 444, 667, 556, 833, 667, 722,
+  611, 722, 611, 500, 556, 722, 611, 833, 611, 556, 556, 389, 278, 389, 422, 500,
+  333, 500, 500, 444, 500, 444, 278, 500, 500, 278, 278, 444, 278, 722, 500, 500,
+  500, 500, 389, 389, 278, 500, 444, 667, 444, 444, 389, 400, 275, 400, 541, 0,
+  500, 0, 333, 500, 556, 889, 500, 500, 333, 1000, 500, 333, 944, 0, 556, 0,
+  0, 333, 333, 556, 556, 350, 500, 889, 333, 980, 389, 333, 667, 0, 389, 556,
+  0, 389, 500, 500, 500, 500, 275, 500, 333, 760, 276, 500, 675, 675, 760, 333,
+  400, 675, 300, 300, 333, 500, 523, 250, 333, 300, 310, 500, 750, 750, 750, 500,
+  611, 611, 611, 611, 611, 611, 889, 667, 611, 611, 611, 611, 333, 333, 333, 333,
+  722, 667, 722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 675, 722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 556, 611, 500,
+  500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 667, 444, 444, 444, 444, 444, 278, 278, 278, 278,
+  500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 675, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 444, 500, 444
+};
+
+
+static short times_roman_widths[256] =
+{
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  250, 333, 408, 500, 500, 833, 778, 180, 333, 333, 500, 564, 250, 333, 250, 278,
+  500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 278, 278, 564, 564, 564, 444,
+  921, 722, 667, 667, 722, 611, 556, 722, 722, 333, 389, 722, 611, 889, 722, 722,
+  556, 722, 667, 556, 611, 722, 722, 944, 722, 722, 611, 333, 278, 333, 469, 500,
+  333, 444, 500, 444, 500, 444, 333, 500, 500, 278, 278, 500, 278, 778, 500, 500,
+  500, 500, 333, 389, 278, 500, 500, 722, 500, 500, 444, 480, 200, 480, 541, 0,
+  500, 0, 333, 500, 444, 1000, 500, 500, 333, 1000, 556, 333, 889, 0, 611, 0,
+  0, 333, 333, 444, 444, 350, 500, 1000, 333, 980, 389, 333, 722, 0, 444, 722,
+  0, 333, 500, 500, 500, 500, 200, 500, 333, 760, 276, 500, 564, 564, 760, 333,
+  400, 564, 300, 300, 333, 500, 453, 250, 333, 300, 310, 500, 750, 750, 750, 444,
+  722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 889, 667, 611, 611, 611, 611, 333, 333, 333, 333,
+  722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 564, 722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 722, 556, 500,
+  444, 444, 444, 444, 444, 444, 667, 444, 444, 444, 444, 444, 278, 278, 278, 278,
+  500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 564, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500, 500
+};
+
+
+static short zapfdingbats_widths[256] =
+{
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  278, 974, 961, 974, 980, 719, 789, 790, 791, 690, 960, 939, 549, 855, 911, 933,
+  911, 945, 974, 755, 846, 762, 761, 571, 677, 763, 760, 759, 754, 494, 552, 537,
+  577, 692, 786, 788, 788, 790, 793, 794, 816, 823, 789, 841, 823, 833, 816, 831,
+  923, 744, 723, 749, 790, 792, 695, 776, 768, 792, 759, 707, 708, 682, 701, 826,
+  815, 789, 789, 707, 687, 696, 689, 786, 787, 713, 791, 785, 791, 873, 761, 762,
+  762, 759, 759, 892, 892, 788, 784, 438, 138, 277, 415, 392, 392, 668, 668, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 732, 544, 544, 910, 667, 760, 760, 776, 595, 694, 626, 788, 788, 788, 788,
+  788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788,
+  788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788, 788,
+  788, 788, 788, 788, 894, 838, 1016, 458, 748, 924, 748, 918, 927, 928, 928, 834,
+  873, 828, 924, 924, 917, 930, 931, 463, 883, 836, 836, 867, 867, 696, 696, 874,
+  0, 874, 760, 946, 771, 865, 771, 888, 967, 888, 831, 873, 927, 970, 918, 0
+};
+
+
+#endif // !PDFIO_BASE_FONT_WIDTHS_H

pdfio-content.c

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 //
 // Content helper functions for PDFio.
 //
-// Copyright © 2021-2023 by Michael R Sweet.
+// Copyright © 2021-2024 by Michael R Sweet.
 //
 // Licensed under Apache License v2.0.  See the file "LICENSE" for more
 // information.
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 
 #include "pdfio-private.h"
 #include "pdfio-content.h"
+#include "pdfio-base-font-widths.h"
 #include "ttf.h"
 #include <math.h>
 #ifndef M_PI
@@ -1074,7 +1075,7 @@ pdfioContentTextMeasure(
     const char  *s,			// I - UTF-8 string
     double      size)			// I - Font size/height
 {
-  const char	*subtype;		// Font sub-type
+  const char	*basefont;		// Base font name
   ttf_t		*ttf = (ttf_t *)_pdfioObjGetExtension(font);
 					// TrueType font data
   ttf_rect_t	extents;		// Text extents
@@ -1083,75 +1084,109 @@ pdfioContentTextMeasure(
 		*tempptr;		// Pointer into temporary string
 
 
-  if ((subtype = pdfioObjGetSubtype(font)) == NULL || strcmp(subtype, "Type0"))
+  if (!ttf && (basefont = pdfioDictGetName(pdfioObjGetDict(font), "BaseFont")) != NULL)
   {
-    // Map non-CP1282 characters to '?', everything else as-is...
-    tempptr = temp;
+    // Measure the width using the compiled-in base font tables...
+    const short	*widths;		// Widths
+    int		width = 0;		// Current width
 
-    while (*s && tempptr < (temp + sizeof(temp) - 3))
+    if (strcmp(basefont, "Symbol") && strcmp(basefont, "Zapf-Dingbats"))
     {
-      if ((*s & 0xe0) == 0xc0)
-      {
-	// Two-byte UTF-8
-        ch = ((s[0] & 0x1f) << 6) | (s[1] & 0x3f);
-	s += 2;
-      }
-      else if ((*s & 0xf0) == 0xe0)
-      {
-	// Three-byte UTF-8
-        ch = ((s[0] & 0x0f) << 12) | ((s[1] & 0x3f) << 6) | (s[2] & 0x3f);
-	s += 3;
-      }
-      else if ((*s & 0xf8) == 0xf0)
-      {
-	// Four-byte UTF-8
-        ch = ((s[0] & 0x07) << 18) | ((s[1] & 0x3f) << 12) | ((s[2] & 0x3f) << 6) | (s[3] & 0x3f);
-	s += 4;
-      }
-      else
-      {
-	ch = *s++;
-      }
+      // Map non-CP1282 characters to '?', everything else as-is...
+      tempptr = temp;
 
-      if (ch > 255)
+      while (*s && tempptr < (temp + sizeof(temp) - 3))
       {
-	// Try mapping from Unicode to CP1252...
-	size_t i;			// Looping var
-
-	for (i = 0; i < (sizeof(_pdfio_cp1252) / sizeof(_pdfio_cp1252[0])); i ++)
+	if ((*s & 0xe0) == 0xc0)
 	{
-	  if (ch == _pdfio_cp1252[i])
-	    break;
+	  // Two-byte UTF-8
+	  ch = ((s[0] & 0x1f) << 6) | (s[1] & 0x3f);
+	  s += 2;
+	}
+	else if ((*s & 0xf0) == 0xe0)
+	{
+	  // Three-byte UTF-8
+	  ch = ((s[0] & 0x0f) << 12) | ((s[1] & 0x3f) << 6) | (s[2] & 0x3f);
+	  s += 3;
+	}
+	else if ((*s & 0xf8) == 0xf0)
+	{
+	  // Four-byte UTF-8
+	  ch = ((s[0] & 0x07) << 18) | ((s[1] & 0x3f) << 12) | ((s[2] & 0x3f) << 6) | (s[3] & 0x3f);
+	  s += 4;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	  ch = *s++;
 	}
 
-	if (i >= (sizeof(_pdfio_cp1252) / sizeof(_pdfio_cp1252[0])))
-	  ch = '?';			// Unsupported chars map to ?
-      }
+	if (ch > 255)
+	{
+	  // Try mapping from Unicode to CP1252...
+	  size_t i;			// Looping var
+
+	  for (i = 0; i < (sizeof(_pdfio_cp1252) / sizeof(_pdfio_cp1252[0])); i ++)
+	  {
+	    if (ch == _pdfio_cp1252[i])
+	      break;
+	  }
+
+	  if (i < (sizeof(_pdfio_cp1252) / sizeof(_pdfio_cp1252[0])))
+	    ch = i + 0x80;		// Extra characters from 0x80 to 0x9f
+	  else
+	    ch = '?';			// Unsupported chars map to ?
+	}
 
-      if (ch < 128)
-      {
-        // ASCII
 	*tempptr++ = (char)ch;
       }
-      else if (ch < 2048)
-      {
-        // 2-byte UTF-8
-        *tempptr++ = (char)(0xc0 | ((ch >> 6) & 0x1f));
-        *tempptr++ = (char)(0x80 | (ch & 0x3f));
-      }
-      else
-      {
-        // 3-byte UTF-8
-        *tempptr++ = (char)(0xe0 | ((ch >> 12) & 0x0f));
-        *tempptr++ = (char)(0x80 | ((ch >> 6) & 0x3f));
-        *tempptr++ = (char)(0x80 | (ch & 0x3f));
-      }
+
+      *tempptr = '\0';
+      s        = temp;
     }
 
-    *tempptr = '\0';
-    s        = temp;
+    // Choose the appropriate table...
+    if (!strcmp(basefont, "Courier"))
+      widths = courier_widths;
+    else if (!strcmp(basefont, "Courier-Bold"))
+      widths = courier_bold_widths;
+    else if (!strcmp(basefont, "Courier-BoldOblique"))
+      widths = courier_boldoblique_widths;
+    else if (!strcmp(basefont, "Courier-Oblique"))
+      widths = courier_oblique_widths;
+    else if (!strcmp(basefont, "Helvetica"))
+      widths = helvetica_widths;
+    else if (!strcmp(basefont, "Helvetica-Bold"))
+      widths = helvetica_bold_widths;
+    else if (!strcmp(basefont, "Helvetica-BoldOblique"))
+      widths = helvetica_boldoblique_widths;
+    else if (!strcmp(basefont, "Helvetica-Oblique"))
+      widths = helvetica_oblique_widths;
+    else if (!strcmp(basefont, "Symbol"))
+      widths = symbol_widths;
+    else if (!strcmp(basefont, "Times-Bold"))
+      widths = times_bold_widths;
+    else if (!strcmp(basefont, "Times-BoldItalic"))
+      widths = times_bolditalic_widths;
+    else if (!strcmp(basefont, "Times-Italic"))
+      widths = times_italic_widths;
+    else if (!strcmp(basefont, "Times-Roman"))
+      widths = times_roman_widths;
+    else if (!strcmp(basefont, "ZapfDingbats"))
+      widths = zapfdingbats_widths;
+    else
+      return (0.0);
+
+    // Calculate the width using the corresponding table...
+    while (*s)
+    {
+      width += widths[*s & 255];
+      s ++;
+    }
+
+    return (size * 0.001 * width);
   }
 
+  // If we get here then we need to measure using the TrueType library...
   ttfGetExtents(ttf, (float)size, s, &extents);
 
   return (extents.right - extents.left);
@@ -1421,8 +1456,9 @@ pdfioContentTextShowJustified(
 // - "Times-Roman"
 // - "ZapfDingbats"
 //
-// Base fonts always use the Windows CP1252 (ISO-8859-1 with additional
-// characters such as the Euro symbol) subset of Unicode.
+// Aside from "Symbol" and "Zapf-Dingbats", Base fonts use the Windows CP1252
+// (ISO-8859-1 with additional characters such as the Euro symbol) subset of
+// Unicode.
 //
 
 pdfio_obj_t *				// O - Font object

pdfio-dict.c

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 //
 // PDF dictionary functions for PDFio.
 //
-// Copyright © 2021-2023 by Michael R Sweet.
+// Copyright © 2021-2024 by Michael R Sweet.
 //
 // Licensed under Apache License v2.0.  See the file "LICENSE" for more
 // information.
@@ -18,19 +18,22 @@ static int	compare_pairs(_pdfio_pair_t *a, _pdfio_pair_t *b);
 
 
 //
-// '_pdfioDictClear()' - Remove a key/value pair from a dictionary.
+// 'pdfioDictClear()' - Remove a key/value pair from a dictionary.
 //
 
-void
-_pdfioDictClear(pdfio_dict_t *dict,	// I - Dictionary
-                const char   *key)	// I - Key
+bool					// O - `true` if cleared, `false` otherwise
+pdfioDictClear(pdfio_dict_t *dict,	// I - Dictionary
+               const char   *key)	// I - Key
 {
   size_t	idx;			// Index into pairs
   _pdfio_pair_t	*pair,			// Current pair
 		pkey;			// Search key
 
 
-  PDFIO_DEBUG("_pdfioDictClear(dict=%p, key=\"%s\")\n", dict, key);
+  PDFIO_DEBUG("pdfioDictClear(dict=%p, key=\"%s\")\n", dict, key);
+
+  if (!dict || !key)
+    return (false);
 
   // See if the key is already set...
   if (dict->num_pairs > 0)
@@ -48,8 +51,12 @@ _pdfioDictClear(pdfio_dict_t *dict,	// I - Dictionary
 
       if (idx < dict->num_pairs)
         memmove(pair, pair + 1, (dict->num_pairs - idx) * sizeof(_pdfio_pair_t));
+
+      return (true);
     }
   }
+
+  return (false);
 }
 
 
@@ -194,6 +201,9 @@ _pdfioDictDebug(pdfio_dict_t *dict,	// I - Dictionary
   _pdfio_pair_t	*pair;			// Current pair
 
 
+  if (!dict)
+    return;
+
   for (i = dict->num_pairs, pair = dict->pairs; i > 0; i --, pair ++)
   {
     fprintf(fp, "/%s", pair->key);
@@ -332,6 +342,18 @@ pdfioDictGetDict(pdfio_dict_t *dict,	// I - Dictionary
 }
 
 
+//
+// 'pdfioDictGetKey()' - Get the key for the specified pair.
+//
+
+const char *				// O - Key for specified pair
+pdfioDictGetKey(pdfio_dict_t *dict,	// I - Dictionary
+                size_t       n)		// I - Pair index (`0`-based)
+{
+  return ((dict && n < dict->num_pairs) ? dict->pairs[n].key : NULL);
+}
+
+
 //
 // 'pdfioDictGetName()' - Get a key name value from a dictionary.
 //
@@ -350,6 +372,17 @@ pdfioDictGetName(pdfio_dict_t *dict,	// I - Dictionary
 }
 
 
+//
+// 'pdfioDictGetNumPairs()' - Get the number of key/value pairs in a dictionary.
+//
+
+size_t					// O - Number of pairs
+pdfioDictGetNumPairs(pdfio_dict_t *dict)// I - Dictionary
+{
+  return (dict ? dict->num_pairs : 0);
+}
+
+
 //
 // 'pdfioDictGetNumber()' - Get a key number value from a dictionary.
 //

pdfio-file.c

@@ -188,6 +188,8 @@ pdfioFileCreate(
   int		fd;			// File descriptor
 
 
+  PDFIO_DEBUG("pdfioFileCreate(filename=\"%s\", version=\"%s\", media_box=%p, crop_box=%p, error_cb=%p, error_cbdata=%p)\n", filename, version, (void *)media_box, (void *)crop_box, (void *)error_cb, (void *)error_cbdata);
+
   // Range check input...
   if (!filename)
     return (NULL);
@@ -242,6 +244,35 @@ pdfioFileCreateArrayObj(
 }
 
 
+//
+// 'pdfioFileCreateNameObj()' - Create a new object in a PDF file containing a name.
+//
+// This function creates a new object with a name value in a PDF file.
+// You must call @link pdfioObjClose@ to write the object to the file.
+//
+
+pdfio_obj_t *				// O - New object
+pdfioFileCreateNameObj(
+    pdfio_file_t *pdf,			// I - PDF file
+    const char   *name)			// I - Name value
+{
+  _pdfio_value_t	value;		// Object value
+
+
+  // Range check input...
+  if (!pdf || !name)
+    return (NULL);
+
+  value.type         = PDFIO_VALTYPE_NAME;
+  value.value.name   = pdfioStringCreate(pdf, name);
+
+  if (!value.value.name)
+    return (NULL);
+
+  return (_pdfioFileCreateObj(pdf, NULL, &value));
+}
+
+
 //
 // 'pdfioFileCreateNumberObj()' - Create a new object in a PDF file containing a number.
 //
@@ -390,6 +421,8 @@ pdfioFileCreateOutput(
     pdfio_error_cb_t  error_cb,		// I - Error callback or `NULL` for default
     void              *error_cbdata)	// I - Error callback data, if any
 {
+  PDFIO_DEBUG("pdfioFileCreate(output_cb=%p, output_cbdata=%p, version=\"%s\", media_box=%p, crop_box=%p, error_cb=%p, error_cbdata=%p)\n", (void *)output_cb, (void *)output_cbdata, version, (void *)media_box, (void *)crop_box, (void *)error_cb, (void *)error_cbdata);
+
   return (create_common("output.pdf", /*fd*/-1, output_cb, output_cbdata, version, media_box, crop_box, error_cb, error_cbdata));
 }
 
@@ -524,6 +557,8 @@ pdfioFileCreateTemporary(
   unsigned	tmpnum;			// Temporary filename number
 
 
+  PDFIO_DEBUG("pdfioFileCreate(buffer=%p, bufsize=%lu, version=\"%s\", media_box=%p, crop_box=%p, error_cb=%p, error_cbdata=%p)\n", (void *)buffer, (unsigned long)bufsize, version, (void *)media_box, (void *)crop_box, (void *)error_cb, (void *)error_cbdata);
+
   // Range check input...
   if (!buffer || bufsize < 32)
   {
@@ -648,11 +683,12 @@ pdfioFileFindObj(
   if ((current = number - 1) >= pdf->num_objs)
     current = pdf->num_objs / 2;
 
-  PDFIO_DEBUG("pdfioFileFindObj: objs[current=%lu]=%p\n", (unsigned long)current, (void *)pdf->objs[current]);
+  PDFIO_DEBUG("pdfioFileFindObj: objs[current=%lu]=%p(%lu)\n", (unsigned long)current, (void *)pdf->objs[current], (unsigned long)(pdf->objs[current] ? pdf->objs[current]->number : 0));
 
   if (number == pdf->objs[current]->number)
   {
     // Fast match...
+    PDFIO_DEBUG("pdfioFileFindObj: Returning %lu (%p)\n", (unsigned long)current, pdf->objs[current]);
     return (pdf->objs[current]);
   }
   else if (number < pdf->objs[current]->number)
@@ -679,11 +715,20 @@ pdfioFileFindObj(
   }
 
   if (number == pdf->objs[left]->number)
+  {
+    PDFIO_DEBUG("pdfioFileFindObj: Returning %lu (%p)\n", (unsigned long)left, pdf->objs[left]);
     return (pdf->objs[left]);
+  }
   else if (number == pdf->objs[right]->number)
+  {
+    PDFIO_DEBUG("pdfioFileFindObj: Returning %lu (%p)\n", (unsigned long)right, pdf->objs[right]);
     return (pdf->objs[right]);
+  }
   else
+  {
+    PDFIO_DEBUG("pdfioFileFindObj: Returning NULL\n");
     return (NULL);
+  }
 }
 
 
@@ -928,6 +973,8 @@ pdfioFileOpen(
   off_t		xref_offset;		// Offset to xref table
 
 
+  PDFIO_DEBUG("pdfioFileOpen(filename=\"%s\", password_cb=%p, password_cbdata=%p, error_cb=%p, error_cbdata=%p)\n", filename, (void *)password_cb, (void *)password_cbdata, (void *)error_cb, (void *)error_cbdata);
+
   // Range check input...
   if (!filename)
     return (NULL);
@@ -1285,6 +1332,8 @@ create_common(
   unsigned char	id_value[16];		// File ID value
 
 
+  PDFIO_DEBUG("create_common(filename=\"%s\", fd=%d, output_cb=%p, output_cbdata=%p, version=\"%s\", media_box=%p, crop_box=%p, error_cb=%p, error_cbdata=%p)\n", filename, fd, (void *)output_cb, (void *)output_cbdata, version, (void *)media_box, (void *)crop_box, (void *)error_cb, (void *)error_cbdata);
+
   // Range check input...
   if (!filename || (fd < 0 && !output_cb))
     return (NULL);
@@ -1928,7 +1977,7 @@ load_xref(
       {
         PDFIO_DEBUG("load_xref: '%s' at offset %lu\n", line, (unsigned long)trailer_offset);
 
-	if (!strncmp(line, "trailer", 7) && (!line[7] || isspace(line[7] & 255)))
+	if (!strncmp(line, "trailer", 7) && (!line[7] || isspace(line[7] & 255) || line[7] == '<'))
 	{
 	  if (line[7])
 	  {

pdfio-object.c

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 //
 // PDF object functions for PDFio.
 //
-// Copyright © 2021-2023 by Michael R Sweet.
+// Copyright © 2021-2024 by Michael R Sweet.
 //
 // Licensed under Apache License v2.0.  See the file "LICENSE" for more
 // information.
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ pdfioObjCopy(pdfio_file_t *pdf,		// I - PDF file
     return (NULL);
 
   if (dstobj->value.type == PDFIO_VALTYPE_DICT)
-    _pdfioDictClear(dstobj->value.value.dict, "Length");
+    pdfioDictClear(dstobj->value.value.dict, "Length");
 
   if (srcobj->stream_offset)
   {
@@ -333,6 +333,26 @@ pdfioObjGetLength(pdfio_obj_t *obj)	// I - Object
 }
 
 
+//
+// 'pdfioObjGetName()' - Get the name value associated with an object.
+//
+
+const char *				// O - Dictionary or `NULL` on error
+pdfioObjGetName(pdfio_obj_t *obj)	// I - Object
+{
+  if (!obj)
+    return (NULL);
+
+  if (obj->value.type == PDFIO_VALTYPE_NONE)
+    _pdfioObjLoad(obj);
+
+  if (obj->value.type == PDFIO_VALTYPE_NAME)
+    return (obj->value.value.name);
+  else
+    return (NULL);
+}
+
+
 //
 // 'pdfioObjGetNumber()' - Get the object's number.
 //
@@ -347,8 +367,21 @@ pdfioObjGetNumber(pdfio_obj_t *obj)	// I - Object
 //
 // 'pdfioObjGetSubtype()' - Get an object's subtype.
 //
+// This function returns an object's PDF subtype name, if any.  Common subtype
+// names include:
+//
+// - "CIDFontType0": A CID Type0 font
+// - "CIDFontType2": A CID TrueType font
+// - "Image": An image or image mask
+// - "Form": A fillable form
+// - "OpenType": An OpenType font
+// - "Type0": A composite font
+// - "Type1": A PostScript Type1 font
+// - "Type3": A PDF Type3 font
+// - "TrueType": A TrueType font
+//
 
-const char *				// O - Object subtype
+const char *				// O - Object subtype name or `NULL` for none
 pdfioObjGetSubtype(pdfio_obj_t *obj)	// I - Object
 {
   pdfio_dict_t	*dict;			// Object dictionary
@@ -364,8 +397,21 @@ pdfioObjGetSubtype(pdfio_obj_t *obj)	// I - Object
 //
 // 'pdfioObjGetType()' - Get an object's type.
 //
+// This function returns an object's PDF type name, if any. Common type names
+// include:
+//
+// - "CMap": A character map for composite fonts
+// - "Font": An embedded font (@link pdfioObjGetSubtype@ will tell you the
+//   font format)
+// - "FontDescriptor": A font descriptor
+// - "Page": A (visible) page
+// - "Pages": A page tree node
+// - "Template": An invisible template page
+// - "XObject": An image, image mask, or form (@link pdfioObjGetSubtype@ will
+//   tell you which)
+//
 
-const char *				// O - Object type
+const char *				// O - Object type name or `NULL` for none
 pdfioObjGetType(pdfio_obj_t *obj)	// I - Object
 {
   pdfio_dict_t	*dict;			// Object dictionary

pdfio-private.h

@@ -353,7 +353,6 @@ extern void		_pdfioCryptoSHA256Init(_pdfio_sha256_t *ctx) _PDFIO_INTERNAL;
 extern void		_pdfioCryptoSHA256Finish(_pdfio_sha256_t *ctx, uint8_t *Message_Digest) _PDFIO_INTERNAL;
 extern bool		_pdfioCryptoUnlock(pdfio_file_t *pdf, pdfio_password_cb_t password_cb, void *password_data) _PDFIO_INTERNAL;
 
-extern void		_pdfioDictClear(pdfio_dict_t *dict, const char *key) _PDFIO_INTERNAL;
 extern bool		_pdfioDictDecrypt(pdfio_file_t *pdf, pdfio_obj_t *obj, pdfio_dict_t *dict, size_t depth) _PDFIO_INTERNAL;
 extern void		_pdfioDictDebug(pdfio_dict_t *dict, FILE *fp) _PDFIO_INTERNAL;
 extern void		_pdfioDictDelete(pdfio_dict_t *dict) _PDFIO_INTERNAL;

pdfio-stream.c

@@ -408,6 +408,7 @@ _pdfioStreamOpen(pdfio_obj_t *obj,	// I - Object
   pdfio_stream_t	*st;		// Stream
   pdfio_dict_t		*dict = pdfioObjGetDict(obj);
 					// Object dictionary
+  const char		*type;		// Object type
 
 
   PDFIO_DEBUG("_pdfioStreamOpen(obj=%p(%u), decode=%s)\n", obj, (unsigned)obj->number, decode ? "true" : "false");
@@ -434,7 +435,9 @@ _pdfioStreamOpen(pdfio_obj_t *obj,	// I - Object
     return (NULL);
   }
 
-  if (obj->pdf->encryption)
+  type = pdfioObjGetType(obj);
+
+  if (obj->pdf->encryption && (!type || strcmp(type, "XRef")))
   {
     uint8_t	iv[64];			// Initialization vector
     size_t	ivlen;			// Length of initialization vector, if any
@@ -1061,19 +1064,11 @@ stream_read(pdfio_stream_t *st,		// I - Stream
       st->flate.next_out  = (Bytef *)buffer;
       st->flate.avail_out = (uInt)bytes;
 
-      avail_in  = st->flate.avail_in;
-      avail_out = st->flate.avail_out;
-
       if ((status = inflate(&(st->flate), Z_NO_FLUSH)) < Z_OK)
       {
 	_pdfioFileError(st->pdf, "Unable to decompress stream data for object %ld: %s", (long)st->obj->number, zstrerror(status));
 	return (-1);
       }
-      else if (avail_in == st->flate.avail_in && avail_out == st->flate.avail_out)
-      {
-	_pdfioFileError(st->pdf, "Corrupt stream data.");
-	return (-1);
-      }
 
       return (st->flate.next_out - (Bytef *)buffer);
     }

pdfio-value.c

@@ -215,6 +215,9 @@ void
 _pdfioValueDebug(_pdfio_value_t *v,	// I - Value
 		 FILE           *fp)	// I - Output file
 {
+  if (!v)
+    return;
+
   switch (v->type)
   {
     case PDFIO_VALTYPE_ARRAY :
@@ -752,6 +755,8 @@ get_date_time(const char *s)		// I - PDF date/time value
   int		offset;			// Date offset
 
 
+  PDFIO_DEBUG("get_date_time(s=\"%s\")\n", s);
+
   // Possible date value of the form:
   //
   //   (D:YYYYMMDDhhmmssZ)
@@ -769,10 +774,12 @@ get_date_time(const char *s)		// I - PDF date/time value
   {
     if (s[i] == 'Z')
     {
+      // UTC...
       i ++;
     }
     else if (s[i] == '-' || s[i] == '+')
     {
+      // Timezone offset from UTC...
       if (isdigit(s[i + 1] & 255) && isdigit(s[i + 2] & 255) && s[i + 3] == '\'' && isdigit(s[i + 4] & 255) && isdigit(s[i + 5] & 255))
       {
 	i += 6;
@@ -780,6 +787,11 @@ get_date_time(const char *s)		// I - PDF date/time value
 	  i ++;
       }
     }
+    else if (!s[i])
+    {
+      // Missing zone info, invalid date string...
+      return (0);
+    }
   }
 
   if (s[i])

pdfio.h

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ extern "C" {
 // Version number...
 //
 
-#  define PDFIO_VERSION		"1.3.1"
+#  define PDFIO_VERSION		"1.4.0"
 
 
 //
@@ -151,7 +151,9 @@ extern pdfio_obj_t	*pdfioArrayGetObj(pdfio_array_t *a, size_t n) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern size_t		pdfioArrayGetSize(pdfio_array_t *a) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern const char	*pdfioArrayGetString(pdfio_array_t *a, size_t n) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern pdfio_valtype_t	pdfioArrayGetType(pdfio_array_t *a, size_t n) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
+extern bool		pdfioArrayRemove(pdfio_array_t *a, size_t n) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 
+extern bool		pdfioDictClear(pdfio_dict_t *dict, const char *key) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern pdfio_dict_t	*pdfioDictCopy(pdfio_file_t *pdf, pdfio_dict_t *dict) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern pdfio_dict_t	*pdfioDictCreate(pdfio_file_t *pdf) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern pdfio_array_t	*pdfioDictGetArray(pdfio_dict_t *dict, const char *key) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
@@ -159,7 +161,9 @@ extern unsigned char	*pdfioDictGetBinary(pdfio_dict_t *dict, const char *key, si
 extern bool		pdfioDictGetBoolean(pdfio_dict_t *dict, const char *key) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern time_t		pdfioDictGetDate(pdfio_dict_t *dict, const char *key) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern pdfio_dict_t	*pdfioDictGetDict(pdfio_dict_t *dict, const char *key) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
+extern const char	*pdfioDictGetKey(pdfio_dict_t *dict, size_t n) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern const char	*pdfioDictGetName(pdfio_dict_t *dict, const char *key) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
+extern size_t		pdfioDictGetNumPairs(pdfio_dict_t *dict) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern double		pdfioDictGetNumber(pdfio_dict_t *dict, const char *key) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern pdfio_obj_t	*pdfioDictGetObj(pdfio_dict_t *dict, const char *key) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern pdfio_rect_t	*pdfioDictGetRect(pdfio_dict_t *dict, const char *key, pdfio_rect_t *rect) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
@@ -182,6 +186,7 @@ extern bool		pdfioDictSetStringf(pdfio_dict_t *dict, const char *key, const char
 extern bool		pdfioFileClose(pdfio_file_t *pdf) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern pdfio_file_t	*pdfioFileCreate(const char *filename, const char *version, pdfio_rect_t *media_box, pdfio_rect_t *crop_box, pdfio_error_cb_t error_cb, void *error_data) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern pdfio_obj_t	*pdfioFileCreateArrayObj(pdfio_file_t *pdf, pdfio_array_t *array) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
+extern pdfio_obj_t	*pdfioFileCreateNameObj(pdfio_file_t *pdf, const char *name) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern pdfio_obj_t	*pdfioFileCreateNumberObj(pdfio_file_t *pdf, double number) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern pdfio_obj_t	*pdfioFileCreateObj(pdfio_file_t *pdf, pdfio_dict_t *dict) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern pdfio_file_t	*pdfioFileCreateOutput(pdfio_output_cb_t output_cb, void *output_ctx, const char *version, pdfio_rect_t *media_box, pdfio_rect_t *crop_box, pdfio_error_cb_t error_cb, void *error_data) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
@@ -222,6 +227,7 @@ extern pdfio_array_t	*pdfioObjGetArray(pdfio_obj_t *obj) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern pdfio_dict_t	*pdfioObjGetDict(pdfio_obj_t *obj) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern unsigned short	pdfioObjGetGeneration(pdfio_obj_t *obj) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern size_t		pdfioObjGetLength(pdfio_obj_t *obj) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
+extern const char	*pdfioObjGetName(pdfio_obj_t *obj) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern size_t		pdfioObjGetNumber(pdfio_obj_t *obj) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern const char	*pdfioObjGetSubtype(pdfio_obj_t *obj) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;
 extern const char	*pdfioObjGetType(pdfio_obj_t *obj) _PDFIO_PUBLIC;

pdfio1.def

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 LIBRARY pdfio1
-VERSION 1.2
+VERSION 1.4
 EXPORTS
 _pdfioArrayDebug
+_pdfioArrayDecrypt
 _pdfioArrayDelete
 _pdfioArrayGetValue
 _pdfioArrayRead
@@ -22,8 +23,8 @@ _pdfioCryptoSHA256Append
 _pdfioCryptoSHA256Finish
 _pdfioCryptoSHA256Init
 _pdfioCryptoUnlock
-_pdfioDictClear
 _pdfioDictDebug
+_pdfioDictDecrypt
 _pdfioDictDelete
 _pdfioDictGetValue
 _pdfioDictRead
@@ -61,9 +62,12 @@ _pdfioTokenPush
 _pdfioTokenRead
 _pdfioValueCopy
 _pdfioValueDebug
+_pdfioValueDecrypt
 _pdfioValueDelete
 _pdfioValueRead
 _pdfioValueWrite
+_pdfio_strtod
+_pdfio_vsnprintf
 pdfioArrayAppendArray
 pdfioArrayAppendBinary
 pdfioArrayAppendBoolean
@@ -91,6 +95,7 @@ pdfioArrayGetObj
 pdfioArrayGetSize
 pdfioArrayGetString
 pdfioArrayGetType
+pdfioArrayRemove
 pdfioContentClip
 pdfioContentDrawImage
 pdfioContentFill
@@ -148,6 +153,7 @@ pdfioContentTextNextLine
 pdfioContentTextShow
 pdfioContentTextShowJustified
 pdfioContentTextShowf
+pdfioDictClear
 pdfioDictCopy
 pdfioDictCreate
 pdfioDictGetArray
@@ -155,7 +161,9 @@ pdfioDictGetBinary
 pdfioDictGetBoolean
 pdfioDictGetDate
 pdfioDictGetDict
+pdfioDictGetKey
 pdfioDictGetName
+pdfioDictGetNumPairs
 pdfioDictGetNumber
 pdfioDictGetObj
 pdfioDictGetRect
@@ -182,6 +190,7 @@ pdfioFileCreateFontObjFromFile
 pdfioFileCreateICCObjFromFile
 pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromData
 pdfioFileCreateImageObjFromFile
+pdfioFileCreateNameObj
 pdfioFileCreateNumberObj
 pdfioFileCreateObj
 pdfioFileCreateOutput
@@ -190,6 +199,7 @@ pdfioFileCreateStringObj
 pdfioFileCreateTemporary
 pdfioFileFindObj
 pdfioFileGetAuthor
+pdfioFileGetCatalog
 pdfioFileGetCreationDate
 pdfioFileGetCreator
 pdfioFileGetID
@@ -222,6 +232,7 @@ pdfioObjGetArray
 pdfioObjGetDict
 pdfioObjGetGeneration
 pdfioObjGetLength
+pdfioObjGetName
 pdfioObjGetNumber
 pdfioObjGetSubtype
 pdfioObjGetType

pdfio_native.nuspec

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
     <metadata>
         <id>pdfio_native</id>
         <title>PDFio Library for VS2019+</title>
-        <version>1.3.1</version>
+        <version>1.3.2</version>
         <authors>Michael R Sweet</authors>
         <owners>michaelrsweet</owners>
         <projectUrl>https://github.com/michaelrsweet/pappl</projectUrl>
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
         <copyright>Copyright © 2019-2024 by Michael R Sweet</copyright>
         <tags>pdf file native</tags>
 	<dependencies>
-	    <dependency id="pdfio_native.redist" version="1.3.1" />
+	    <dependency id="pdfio_native.redist" version="1.3.2" />
 	    <dependency id="zlib_native.redist" version="1.2.11" />
 	</dependencies>
     </metadata>

pdfio_native.redist.nuspec

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
     <metadata>
         <id>pdfio_native.redist</id>
         <title>PDFio Library for VS2019+</title>
-        <version>1.3.1</version>
+        <version>1.3.2</version>
         <authors>Michael R Sweet</authors>
         <owners>michaelrsweet</owners>
         <projectUrl>https://github.com/michaelrsweet/pappl</projectUrl>

testpdfio.c

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 //
 
 static int	do_crypto_tests(void);
-static int	do_test_file(const char *filename, int objnum, bool verbose);
+static int	do_test_file(const char *filename, int objnum, const char *password, bool verbose);
 static int	do_unit_tests(void);
 static int	draw_image(pdfio_stream_t *st, const char *name, double x, double y, double w, double h, const char *label);
 static bool	error_cb(pdfio_file_t *pdf, const char *message, bool *error);
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ static const char *password_cb(void *data, const char *filename);
 static int	read_unit_file(const char *filename, size_t num_pages, size_t first_image, bool is_output);
 static ssize_t	token_consume_cb(const char **s, size_t bytes);
 static ssize_t	token_peek_cb(const char **s, char *buffer, size_t bytes);
+static int	usage(FILE *fp);
 static int	verify_image(pdfio_file_t *pdf, size_t number);
 static int	write_alpha_test(pdfio_file_t *pdf, int number, pdfio_obj_t *font);
 static int	write_color_patch(pdfio_stream_t *st, bool device);
@@ -59,22 +60,33 @@ int					// O - Exit status
 main(int  argc,				// I - Number of command-line arguments
      char *argv[])			// I - Command-line arguments
 {
-  int	ret = 0;			// Return value
+  int		ret = 0;		// Return value
 
 
-  fprintf(stderr, "testpdfio: Test locale is \"%s\".\n", setlocale(LC_ALL, getenv("LANG")));
-
   if (argc > 1)
   {
     int		i;			// Looping var
+    const char	*password = NULL;	// Password
     bool	verbose = false;	// Be verbose?
 
     for (i = 1; i < argc; i ++)
     {
       if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--help"))
       {
-        puts("Usage: ./testpdfio [--help] [--verbose] [filename [objnum] ...]");
-        return (0);
+        return (usage(stdout));
+      }
+      else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--password"))
+      {
+        i ++;
+        if (i < argc)
+        {
+          password = argv[i];
+        }
+        else
+        {
+          fputs("testpdfio: Missing password after '--password'.\n", stderr);
+          return (usage(stderr));
+        }
       }
       else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--verbose"))
       {
@@ -82,24 +94,27 @@ main(int  argc,				// I - Number of command-line arguments
       }
       else if (argv[i][0] == '-')
       {
-        printf("Unknown option '%s'.\n\n", argv[i]);
-        puts("Usage: ./testpdfio [--help] [--verbose] [filename [objnum] ...]");
-        return (1);
+        fprintf(stderr, "testpdfio: Unknown option '%s'.\n", argv[i]);
+        return (usage(stderr));
       }
       else if ((i + 1) < argc && isdigit(argv[i + 1][0] & 255))
       {
         // filename.pdf object-number
-        if (do_test_file(argv[i], atoi(argv[i + 1]), verbose))
+        if (do_test_file(argv[i], atoi(argv[i + 1]), password, verbose))
 	  ret = 1;
 
 	i ++;
       }
-      else if (do_test_file(argv[i], 0, verbose))
+      else if (do_test_file(argv[i], 0, password, verbose))
+      {
         ret = 1;
+      }
     }
   }
   else
   {
+    fprintf(stderr, "testpdfio: Test locale is \"%s\".\n", setlocale(LC_ALL, getenv("LANG")));
+
 #if _WIN32
     // Windows puts executables in Platform/Configuration subdirs...
     if (!_access("../../testfiles", 0))
@@ -363,6 +378,7 @@ do_crypto_tests(void)
 static int				// O - Exit status
 do_test_file(const char *filename,	// I - PDF filename
              int        objnum,		// I - Object number to dump, if any
+             const char *password,	// I - Password for file
              bool       verbose)	// I - Be verbose?
 {
   bool		error = false;		// Have we shown an error yet?
@@ -381,7 +397,7 @@ do_test_file(const char *filename,	// I - PDF filename
     fflush(stdout);
   }
 
-  if ((pdf = pdfioFileOpen(filename, /*password_cb*/NULL, /*password_data*/NULL, (pdfio_error_cb_t)error_cb, &error)) != NULL)
+  if ((pdf = pdfioFileOpen(filename, password_cb, (void *)password, (pdfio_error_cb_t)error_cb, &error)) != NULL)
   {
     if (objnum)
     {
@@ -1559,6 +1575,23 @@ token_peek_cb(const char **s,		// IO - Test string
 }
 
 
+//
+// 'usage()' - Show program usage.
+//
+
+static int				// O - Exit status
+usage(FILE *fp)				// I - Output file
+{
+  fputs("Usage: ./testpdfio [OPTIONS] [FILENAME [OBJNUM]] ...\n", fp);
+  fputs("Options:\n", fp);
+  fputs("  --help               Show program help.\n", fp);
+  fputs("  --password PASSWORD  Set PDF password.\n", fp);
+  fputs("  --verbose            Be verbose.\n", fp);
+
+  return (fp != stdout);
+}
+
+
 //
 // 'verify_image()' - Verify an image object.
 //

testttf.c

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 //
 //     https://github.com/michaelrsweet/ttf
 //
-// Copyright © 2018-2023 by Michael R Sweet.
+// Copyright © 2018-2024 by Michael R Sweet.
 //
 // Licensed under Apache License v2.0.  See the file "LICENSE" for more
 // information.
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@ test_font(const char *filename)		// I - Font filename
 
 
   printf("ttfCreate(\"%s\"): ", filename);
+  fflush(stdout);
   if ((font = ttfCreate(filename, 0, error_cb, NULL)) != NULL)
     puts("PASS");
   else

ttf.c

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
 #  define O_CREAT	_O_CREAT
 #  define O_TRUNC	_O_TRUNC
 
-typedef __int64 ssize_t;		// POSIX type not present on Windows...
+typedef __int64 ssize_t;		// POSIX type not present on Windows... @private@
 
 #else
 #  include <unistd.h>
@@ -100,6 +100,8 @@ typedef __int64 ssize_t;		// POSIX type not present on Windows...
 
 #define TTF_FONT_MAX_CHAR	262144	// Maximum number of character values
 #define TTF_FONT_MAX_GROUPS	65536	// Maximum number of sub-groups
+#define TTF_FONT_MAX_NAMES	16777216// Maximum size of names table we support
+
 
 //
 // TTF/OFF tag constants...
@@ -254,7 +256,7 @@ typedef struct _ttf_off_hhea_s		// Horizontal header
 {
   short		ascender,		// Ascender
 		descender;		// Descender
-  int		numberOfHMetrics;	// Number of horizontal metrics
+  unsigned short numberOfHMetrics;	// Number of horizontal metrics
 } _ttf_off_hhea_t;
 
 typedef struct _ttf_off_os_2_s		// OS/2 information
@@ -297,7 +299,28 @@ static unsigned	seek_table(ttf_t *font, unsigned tag, unsigned offset, bool requ
 
 
 //
-// 'ttfCreate()' - Create a new font object for the named font family.
+// 'ttfCreate()' - Create a new font object for the named font file.
+//
+// This function creates a new font object for the named TrueType or OpenType
+// font file or collection.  The "filename" argument specifies the name of the
+// file to read.
+//
+// The "idx" argument specifies the font to load from a collection - the first
+// font is number `0`.  Once created, you can call the @link ttfGetNumFonts@
+// function to determine whether the loaded font file is a collection with more
+// than one font.
+//
+// The "err_cb" and "err_data" arguments specify a callback function and data
+// pointer for receiving error messages.  If `NULL`, errors are sent to the
+// `stderr` file.  The callback function receives the data pointer and a text
+// message string, for example:
+//
+// ```
+// void my_err_cb(void *err_data, const char *message)
+// {
+//   fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: %s\n", message);
+// }
+// ```
 //
 
 ttf_t *					// O - New font object
@@ -550,6 +573,10 @@ ttfGetAscent(ttf_t *font)		// I - Font
 //
 // 'ttfGetBounds()' - Get the bounds of all characters in a font.
 //
+// This function gets the bounds of all characters in a font.  The "bounds"
+// argument is a pointer to a `ttf_rect_t` structure that will be filled with
+// the limits for characters in the font scaled to a 1000x1000 unit square.
+//
 
 ttf_rect_t *				// O - Bounds or `NULL` on error
 ttfGetBounds(ttf_t      *font,		// I - Font
@@ -631,8 +658,11 @@ ttfGetDescent(ttf_t *font)		// I - Font
 //
 // 'ttfGetExtents()' - Get the extents of a UTF-8 string.
 //
-// This function computes the extents of a UTF-8 string when rendered using the
-// specified font and size.
+// This function computes the extents of the UTF-8 string "s" when rendered
+// using the specified font "font" and size "size".  The "extents" argument is
+// a pointer to a `ttf_rect_t` structure that is filled with the extents of a
+// simple rendering of the string with no kerning or rewriting applied.  The
+// values are scaled using the specified font size.
 //
 
 ttf_rect_t *				// O - Pointer to extents or `NULL` on error
@@ -1272,23 +1302,34 @@ read_cmap(ttf_t *font)			// I - Font
           for (i = 0; i < numGlyphIdArray; i ++)
             glyphIdArray[i] = read_ushort(font);
 
-#ifdef DEBUG
-          for (i = 0; i < segCount; i ++)
-            TTF_DEBUG("read_cmap: segment[%d].startCode=%d, endCode=%d, idDelta=%d, idRangeOffset=%d\n", i, segments[i].startCode, segments[i].endCode, segments[i].idDelta, segments[i].idRangeOffset);
+          for (i = 0, segment = segments; i < segCount; i ++, segment ++)
+          {
+            TTF_DEBUG("read_cmap: segment[%d].startCode=%d, endCode=%d, idDelta=%d, idRangeOffset=%d\n", i, segment->startCode, segment->endCode, segment->idDelta, segment->idRangeOffset);
 
+            if (segment->startCode > segment->endCode)
+            {
+	      errorf(font, "Bad cmap table segment %u to %u.", segments->startCode, segment->endCode);
+	      free(segments);
+	      free(glyphIdArray);
+	      return (false);
+            }
+
+            // Based on the end code of the segment table, allocate space for the
+            // uncompressed cmap table...
+            if (segment->endCode >= font->num_cmap)
+	      font->num_cmap = segment->endCode + 1;
+          }
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
           for (i = 0; i < numGlyphIdArray; i ++)
             TTF_DEBUG("read_cmap: glyphIdArray[%d]=%d\n", i, glyphIdArray[i]);
 #endif /* DEBUG */
 
-          // Based on the end code of the segent table, allocate space for the
-          // uncompressed cmap table...
-//          segCount --;			// Last segment is not used (sigh)
-
-	  font->num_cmap = segments[segCount - 1].endCode + 1;
-
-	  if (font->num_cmap > TTF_FONT_MAX_CHAR)
+	  if (font->num_cmap == 0 || font->num_cmap > TTF_FONT_MAX_CHAR)
 	  {
 	    errorf(font, "Invalid cmap table with %u characters.", (unsigned)font->num_cmap);
+	    free(segments);
+	    free(glyphIdArray);
 	    return (false);
 	  }
 
@@ -1382,6 +1423,13 @@ read_cmap(ttf_t *font)			// I - Font
 	    group->startGlyphID  = read_ulong(font);
 	    TTF_DEBUG("read_cmap: [%u] startCharCode=%u, endCharCode=%u, startGlyphID=%u\n", gidx, group->startCharCode, group->endCharCode, group->startGlyphID);
 
+            if (group->startCharCode > group->endCharCode)
+            {
+	      errorf(font, "Bad cmap table segment %u to %u.", group->startCharCode, group->endCharCode);
+	      free(groups);
+	      return (false);
+            }
+
             if (group->endCharCode >= font->num_cmap)
               font->num_cmap = group->endCharCode + 1;
 	  }
@@ -1390,9 +1438,10 @@ read_cmap(ttf_t *font)			// I - Font
 	  // uncompressed cmap table...
           TTF_DEBUG("read_cmap: num_cmap=%u\n", (unsigned)font->num_cmap);
 
-	  if (font->num_cmap > TTF_FONT_MAX_CHAR)
+	  if (font->num_cmap == 0 || font->num_cmap > TTF_FONT_MAX_CHAR)
 	  {
 	    errorf(font, "Invalid cmap table with %u characters.", (unsigned)font->num_cmap);
+	    free(groups);
 	    return (false);
 	  }
 
@@ -1465,6 +1514,13 @@ read_cmap(ttf_t *font)			// I - Font
 	    group->glyphID       = read_ulong(font);
 	    TTF_DEBUG("read_cmap: [%u] startCharCode=%u, endCharCode=%u, glyphID=%u\n", gidx, group->startCharCode, group->endCharCode, group->glyphID);
 
+            if (group->startCharCode > group->endCharCode)
+            {
+	      errorf(font, "Bad cmap table segment %u to %u.", group->startCharCode, group->endCharCode);
+	      free(groups);
+	      return (false);
+            }
+
             if (group->endCharCode >= font->num_cmap)
               font->num_cmap = group->endCharCode + 1;
 	  }
@@ -1473,9 +1529,10 @@ read_cmap(ttf_t *font)			// I - Font
 	  // uncompressed cmap table...
           TTF_DEBUG("read_cmap: num_cmap=%u\n", (unsigned)font->num_cmap);
 
-	  if (font->num_cmap > TTF_FONT_MAX_CHAR)
+	  if (font->num_cmap == 0 || font->num_cmap > TTF_FONT_MAX_CHAR)
 	  {
 	    errorf(font, "Invalid cmap table with %u characters.", (unsigned)font->num_cmap);
+	    free(groups);
 	    return (false);
 	  }
 
@@ -1598,7 +1655,7 @@ read_hmtx(ttf_t           *font,	// I - Font
           _ttf_off_hhea_t *hhea)	// O - hhea table data
 {
   unsigned	length;			// Length of hmtx table
-  int		i;			// Looping var
+  unsigned	i;			// Looping var
   _ttf_metric_t	*widths;		// Glyph metrics array
 
 
@@ -1677,8 +1734,15 @@ read_names(ttf_t *font)			// I - Font
     return (false);
 
   font->names.storage_size = length - (unsigned)offset;
+  if (font->names.storage_size > TTF_FONT_MAX_NAMES)
+  {
+    errorf(font, "Name table too large - %u bytes.", (unsigned)font->names.storage_size);
+    return (false);
+  }
+
   if ((font->names.storage = malloc(font->names.storage_size)) == NULL)
     return (false);
+
   memset(font->names.storage, 'A', font->names.storage_size);
 
   for (i = font->names.num_names, name = font->names.names; i > 0; i --, name ++)

ttf.h

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 //
 //     https://github.com/michaelrsweet/ttf
 //
-// Copyright © 2018-2023 by Michael R Sweet.
+// Copyright © 2018-2024 by Michael R Sweet.
 //
 // Licensed under Apache License v2.0.  See the file "LICENSE" for more
 // information.
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 #ifndef TTF_H
 #  define TTF_H
+#  include <stddef.h>
 #  include <stdbool.h>
 #  include <sys/types.h>
 #  ifdef __cplusplus
@@ -22,12 +23,12 @@ extern "C" {
 // Types...
 //
 
-typedef struct _ttf_s ttf_t;	//// Font object
+typedef struct _ttf_s ttf_t;	// Font object
 
 typedef void (*ttf_err_cb_t)(void *data, const char *message);
-				//// Font error callback
+				// Font error callback
 
-typedef enum ttf_stretch_e	//// Font stretch
+typedef enum ttf_stretch_e	// Font stretch
 {
   TTF_STRETCH_NORMAL,		// normal
   TTF_STRETCH_ULTRA_CONDENSED,	// ultra-condensed
@@ -40,20 +41,20 @@ typedef enum ttf_stretch_e	//// Font stretch
   TTF_STRETCH_ULTRA_EXPANDED	// ultra-expanded
 } ttf_stretch_t;
 
-typedef enum ttf_style_e	//// Font style
+typedef enum ttf_style_e	// Font style
 {
   TTF_STYLE_NORMAL,		// Normal font
   TTF_STYLE_ITALIC,		// Italic font
   TTF_STYLE_OBLIQUE		// Oblique (angled) font
 } ttf_style_t;
 
-typedef enum ttf_variant_e	//// Font variant
+typedef enum ttf_variant_e	// Font variant
 {
   TTF_VARIANT_NORMAL,		// Normal font
   TTF_VARIANT_SMALL_CAPS	// Font whose lowercase letters are small capitals
 } ttf_variant_t;
 
-typedef enum ttf_weight_e	//// Font weight
+typedef enum ttf_weight_e	// Font weight
 {
   TTF_WEIGHT_100 = 100,		// Weight 100 (Thin)
   TTF_WEIGHT_200 = 200,		// Weight 200 (Extra/Ultra-Light)
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ typedef enum ttf_weight_e	//// Font weight
   TTF_WEIGHT_900 = 900		// Weight 900 (Black/Heavy)
 } ttf_weight_t;
 
-typedef struct ttf_rect_s	//// Bounding rectangle
+typedef struct ttf_rect_s	// Bounding rectangle
 {
   float	left;			// Left offset
   float	top;			// Top offset