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fix(docs) fix html linter issues in the docs (#358)

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Thijs Schreijer 2022-03-22 19:21:58 +01:00 committed by GitHub
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11 changed files with 938 additions and 934 deletions
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78
doc/dns.html
View File

@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
@ -13,22 +13,22 @@
<!-- header +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=header>
<div class="header">
<hr>
<center>
<table summary="LuaSocket logo">
<tr><td align=center><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width=128 height=128 border=0 alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
<tr><td align="center"><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width="128" height="128" border="0" alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=center valign=top>Network support for the Lua language
<tr><td align="center" valign="top">Network support for the Lua language
</td></tr>
</table>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#download">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;
<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> &middot;
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
</p>
</center>
<hr>
@ -36,14 +36,14 @@
<!-- dns ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<h2 id=dns>DNS</h2>
<h2 id="dns">DNS</h2>
<p>
IPv4 name resolution functions
<a href=#toip><tt>dns.toip</tt></a>
IPv4 name resolution functions
<a href="#toip"><tt>dns.toip</tt></a>
and
<a href=#tohostname><tt>dns.tohostname</tt></a>
return <em>all</em> information obtained from
<a href="#tohostname"><tt>dns.tohostname</tt></a>
return <em>all</em> information obtained from
the resolver in a table of the form:
</p>
@ -60,10 +60,10 @@ Note that the <tt>alias</tt> list can be empty.
</p>
<p>
The more general name resolution function
<a href=#getaddrinfo><tt>dns.getaddrinfo</tt></a>, which
The more general name resolution function
<a href="#getaddrinfo"><tt>dns.getaddrinfo</tt></a>, which
supports both IPv6 and IPv4,
returns <em>all</em> information obtained from
returns <em>all</em> information obtained from
the resolver in a table of the form:
</p>
@ -88,82 +88,82 @@ addresses, and <tt>"inet6"</tt> for IPv6 addresses.
<!-- getaddrinfo ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=getaddrinfo>
<p class="name" id="getaddrinfo">
socket.dns.<b>getaddrinfo(</b>address<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Converts from host name to address.
<p class="description">
Converts from host name to address.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>Address</tt> can be an IPv4 or IPv6 address or host name.
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Address</tt> can be an IPv4 or IPv6 address or host name.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The function returns a table with all information returned by
the resolver. In case of error, the function returns <b><tt>nil</tt></b>
followed by an error message.
followed by an error message.
</p>
<!-- gethostname ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=gethostname>
<p class="name" id="gethostname">
socket.dns.<b>gethostname()</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Returns the standard host name for the machine as a string.
<p class="description">
Returns the standard host name for the machine as a string.
</p>
<!-- tohostname +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=tohostname>
<p class="name" id="tohostname">
socket.dns.<b>tohostname(</b>address<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Converts from IPv4 address to host name.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>Address</tt> can be an IP address or host name.
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Address</tt> can be an IP address or host name.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The function returns a string with the canonic host name of the given
<tt>address</tt>, followed by a table with all information returned by
the resolver. In case of error, the function returns <b><tt>nil</tt></b>
followed by an error message.
followed by an error message.
</p>
<!-- toip +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=toip>
<p class="name" id="toip">
socket.dns.<b>toip(</b>address<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Converts from host name to IPv4 address.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>Address</tt> can be an IP address or host name.
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Address</tt> can be an IP address or host name.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
Returns a string with the first IP address found for <tt>address</tt>,
followed by a table with all information returned by the resolver.
In case of error, the function returns <b><tt>nil</tt></b> followed by an error
message.
message.
</p>
<!-- footer +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=footer>
<div class="footer">
<hr>
<center>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#down">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;

122
doc/ftp.html
View File

@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
@ -13,22 +13,22 @@
<!-- header ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=header>
<div class="header">
<hr>
<center>
<table summary="LuaSocket logo">
<tr><td align=center><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width=128 height=128 border=0 alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
<tr><td align="center"><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width="128" height="128" border="0" alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=center valign=top>Network support for the Lua language
<tr><td align="center" valign="top">Network support for the Lua language
</td></tr>
</table>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#download">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;
<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> &middot;
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
</p>
</center>
<hr>
@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
<!-- ftp ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<h2 id=ftp>FTP</h2>
<h2 id="ftp">FTP</h2>
<p>
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used to transfer files
@ -50,28 +50,28 @@ High level functions are provided supporting the most common operations.
These high level functions are implemented on top of a lower level
interface. Using the low-level interface, users can easily create their
own functions to access <em>any</em> operation supported by the FTP
protocol. For that, check the implementation.
protocol. For that, check the implementation.
</p>
<p>
To really benefit from this module, a good understanding of
To really benefit from this module, a good understanding of
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">
LTN012, Filters sources and sinks</a> is necessary.
LTN012, Filters sources and sinks</a> is necessary.
</p>
<p>
<p>
To obtain the <tt>ftp</tt> namespace, run:
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- loads the FTP module and any libraries it requires
local ftp = require("socket.ftp")
</pre>
<p>
URLs MUST conform to
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1738.txt">RFC 1738</a>,
that is, an URL is a string in the form:
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1738.txt">RFC 1738</a>,
that is, an URL is a string in the form:
</p>
<blockquote>
@ -81,19 +81,19 @@ that is, an URL is a string in the form:
<p>
The following constants in the namespace can be set to control the default behavior of
the FTP module:
the FTP module:
</p>
<ul>
<li> <tt>PASSWORD</tt>: default anonymous password.
<li> <tt>TIMEOUT</tt>: sets the timeout for all I/O operations;
<li> <tt>USER</tt>: default anonymous user;
<li> <tt>PASSWORD</tt>: default anonymous password.</li>
<li> <tt>TIMEOUT</tt>: sets the timeout for all I/O operations;</li>
<li> <tt>USER</tt>: default anonymous user;</li>
</ul>
<!-- ftp.get ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=get>
<p class="name" id="get">
ftp.<b>get(</b>url<b>)</b><br>
ftp.<b>get{</b><br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;host = <i>string</i>,<br>
@ -109,19 +109,19 @@ ftp.<b>get{</b><br>
<b>}</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
The <tt>get</tt> function has two forms. The simple form has fixed
functionality: it downloads the contents of a URL and returns it as a
string. The generic form allows a <em>lot</em> more control, as explained
below.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
If the argument of the <tt>get</tt> function is a table, the function
expects at least the fields <tt>host</tt>, <tt>sink</tt>, and one of
expects at least the fields <tt>host</tt>, <tt>sink</tt>, and one of
<tt>argument</tt> or <tt>path</tt> (<tt>argument</tt> takes
precedence). <tt>Host</tt> is the server to connect to. <tt>Sink</tt> is
the <em>simple</em>
the <em>simple</em>
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
sink that will receive the downloaded data. <tt>Argument</tt> or
<tt>path</tt> give the target path to the resource in the server. The
@ -129,28 +129,28 @@ optional arguments are the following:
</p>
<ul>
<li><tt>user</tt>, <tt>password</tt>: User name and password used for
authentication. Defaults to "<tt>ftp:anonymous@anonymous.org</tt>";
authentication. Defaults to "<tt>ftp:anonymous@anonymous.org</tt>";</li>
<li><tt>command</tt>: The FTP command used to obtain data. Defaults to
"<tt>retr</tt>", but see example below;
<li><tt>port</tt>: The port to used for the control connection. Defaults to 21;
"<tt>retr</tt>", but see example below;</li>
<li><tt>port</tt>: The port to used for the control connection. Defaults to 21;</li>
<li><tt>type</tt>: The transfer mode. Can take values "<tt>i</tt>" or
"<tt>a</tt>". Defaults to whatever is the server default;
<li><tt>step</tt>:
"<tt>a</tt>". Defaults to whatever is the server default;</li>
<li><tt>step</tt>:
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
pump step function used to pass data from the
server to the sink. Defaults to the LTN12 <tt>pump.step</tt> function;
server to the sink. Defaults to the LTN12 <tt>pump.step</tt> function;</li>
<li><tt>create</tt>: An optional function to be used instead of
<a href=tcp.html#socket.tcp><tt>socket.tcp</tt></a> when the communications socket is created.
<a href="tcp.html#socket.tcp"><tt>socket.tcp</tt></a> when the communications socket is created.</li>
</ul>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
If successful, the simple version returns the URL contents as a
string, and the generic function returns 1. In case of error, both
functions return <b><tt>nil</tt></b> and an error message describing the
error.
error.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- load the ftp support
local ftp = require("socket.ftp")
@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ local ftp = require("socket.ftp")
f, e = ftp.get("ftp://ftp.tecgraf.puc-rio.br/pub/lua/lua.tar.gz;type=i")
</pre>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- load needed modules
local ftp = require("socket.ftp")
local ltn12 = require("ltn12")
@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ end
<!-- put ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=put>
<p class="name" id="put">
ftp.<b>put(</b>url, content<b>)</b><br>
ftp.<b>put{</b><br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;host = <i>string</i>,<br>
@ -194,57 +194,57 @@ ftp.<b>put{</b><br>
<b>}</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
The <tt>put</tt> function has two forms. The simple form has fixed
functionality: it uploads a string of content into a URL. The generic form
allows a <em>lot</em> more control, as explained below.
allows a <em>lot</em> more control, as explained below.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
If the argument of the <tt>put</tt> function is a table, the function
expects at least the fields <tt>host</tt>, <tt>source</tt>, and one of
expects at least the fields <tt>host</tt>, <tt>source</tt>, and one of
<tt>argument</tt> or <tt>path</tt> (<tt>argument</tt> takes
precedence). <tt>Host</tt> is the server to connect to. <tt>Source</tt> is
the <em>simple</em>
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
source that will provide the contents to be uploaded.
the <em>simple</em>
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
source that will provide the contents to be uploaded.
<tt>Argument</tt> or
<tt>path</tt> give the target path to the resource in the server. The
optional arguments are the following:
</p>
<ul>
<li><tt>user</tt>, <tt>password</tt>: User name and password used for
authentication. Defaults to "<tt>ftp:anonymous@anonymous.org</tt>";
authentication. Defaults to "<tt>ftp:anonymous@anonymous.org</tt>";</li>
<li><tt>command</tt>: The FTP command used to send data. Defaults to
"<tt>stor</tt>", but see example below;
<li><tt>port</tt>: The port to used for the control connection. Defaults to 21;
"<tt>stor</tt>", but see example below;</li>
<li><tt>port</tt>: The port to used for the control connection. Defaults to 21;</li>
<li><tt>type</tt>: The transfer mode. Can take values "<tt>i</tt>" or
"<tt>a</tt>". Defaults to whatever is the server default;
<li><tt>step</tt>:
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
"<tt>a</tt>". Defaults to whatever is the server default;</li>
<li><tt>step</tt>:
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
pump step function used to pass data from the
server to the sink. Defaults to the LTN12 <tt>pump.step</tt> function;
server to the sink. Defaults to the LTN12 <tt>pump.step</tt> function;</li>
<li><tt>create</tt>: An optional function to be used instead of
<a href=tcp.html#socket.tcp><tt>socket.tcp</tt></a> when the communications socket is created.
<a href="tcp.html#socket.tcp"><tt>socket.tcp</tt></a> when the communications socket is created.</li>
</ul>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
Both functions return 1 if successful, or <b><tt>nil</tt></b> and an error
message describing the reason for failure.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- load the ftp support
local ftp = require("socket.ftp")
-- Log as user "fulano" on server "ftp.example.com",
-- using password "silva", and store a file "README" with contents
-- using password "silva", and store a file "README" with contents
-- "wrong password, of course"
f, e = ftp.put("ftp://fulano:silva@ftp.example.com/README",
f, e = ftp.put("ftp://fulano:silva@ftp.example.com/README",
"wrong password, of course")
</pre>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- load the ftp support
local ftp = require("socket.ftp")
local ltn12 = require("ltn12")
@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ local ltn12 = require("ltn12")
-- using password "silva", and append to the remote file "LOG", sending the
-- contents of the local file "LOCAL-LOG"
f, e = ftp.put{
host = "ftp.example.com",
host = "ftp.example.com",
user = "fulano",
password = "silva",
command = "appe",
@ -265,15 +265,15 @@ f, e = ftp.put{
<!-- footer +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=footer>
<div class="footer">
<hr>
<center>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#download">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;
<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> &middot;
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
</p>
<p>
<small>

142
doc/http.html
View File

@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta name="description" content="LuaSocket: HTTP support">
<meta name="keywords" content="Lua, HTTP, Library, WWW, Browser, Network, Support">
<meta name="keywords" content="Lua, HTTP, Library, WWW, Browser, Network, Support">
<title>LuaSocket: HTTP support</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reference.css" type="text/css">
</head>
@ -13,22 +13,22 @@
<!-- header ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=header>
<div class="header">
<hr>
<center>
<table summary="LuaSocket logo">
<tr><td align=center><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width=128 height=128 border=0 alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
<tr><td align="center"><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width="128" height="128" border="0" alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=center valign=top>Network support for the Lua language
<tr><td align="center" valign="top">Network support for the Lua language
</td></tr>
</table>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#download">download</a> &middot;
<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> &middot;
<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> &middot;
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
</p>
</center>
<hr>
@ -36,12 +36,12 @@
<!-- http +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<h2 id="http">HTTP</h2>
<h2 id="http">HTTP</h2>
<p>
HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) is the protocol used to exchange
information between web-browsers and servers. The <tt>http</tt>
namespace offers full support for the client side of the HTTP
namespace offers full support for the client side of the HTTP
protocol (i.e.,
the facilities that would be used by a web-browser implementation). The
implementation conforms to the HTTP/1.1 standard,
@ -50,16 +50,16 @@ implementation conforms to the HTTP/1.1 standard,
<p>
The module exports functions that provide HTTP functionality in different
levels of abstraction. From the simple
levels of abstraction. From the simple
string oriented requests, through generic
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a> based, down to even lower-level if you bother to look through the source code.
</p>
<p>
<p>
To obtain the <tt>http</tt> namespace, run:
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- loads the HTTP module and any libraries it requires
local http = require("socket.http")
</pre>
@ -67,12 +67,12 @@ local http = require("socket.http")
<p>
URLs must conform to
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1738.txt">RFC 1738</a>,
that is, an URL is a string in the form:
that is, an URL is a string in the form:
</p>
<blockquote>
<pre>
[http://][&lt;user&gt;[:&lt;password&gt;]@]&lt;host&gt;[:&lt;port&gt;][/&lt;path&gt;]
[http://][&lt;user&gt;[:&lt;password&gt;]@]&lt;host&gt;[:&lt;port&gt;][/&lt;path&gt;]
</pre>
</blockquote>
@ -97,34 +97,34 @@ headers = {<br>
<p>
Field names are case insensitive (as specified by the standard) and all
functions work with lowercase field names (but see
<a href=socket.html#headers.canonic><tt>socket.headers.canonic</tt></a>).
<a href="socket.html#headers.canonic"><tt>socket.headers.canonic</tt></a>).
Field values are left unmodified.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: MIME headers are independent of order. Therefore, there is no problem
in representing them in a Lua table.
in representing them in a Lua table.
</p>
<p>
The following constants can be set to control the default behavior of
the HTTP module:
the HTTP module:
</p>
<ul>
<li> <tt>PROXY</tt>: default proxy used for connections;
<li> <tt>TIMEOUT</tt>: sets the timeout for all I/O operations;
<li> <tt>USERAGENT</tt>: default user agent reported to server.
<li> <tt>PROXY</tt>: default proxy used for connections;</li>
<li> <tt>TIMEOUT</tt>: sets the timeout for all I/O operations;</li>
<li> <tt>USERAGENT</tt>: default user agent reported to server.</li>
</ul>
<p class=note id="post">
<p class="note">
Note: These constants are global. Changing them will also
change the behavior other code that might be using LuaSocket.
</p>
<!-- http.request ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="request">
<p class="name" id="request">
http.<b>request(</b>url [, body]<b>)</b><br>
http.<b>request{</b><br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;url = <i>string</i>,<br>
@ -140,26 +140,26 @@ http.<b>request{</b><br>
<b>}</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
The request function has two forms. The simple form downloads
a URL using the <tt>GET</tt> or <tt>POST</tt> method and is based
on strings. The generic form performs any HTTP method and is
<a href=http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks>LTN12</a> based.
<p class="description">
The request function has two forms. The simple form downloads
a URL using the <tt>GET</tt> or <tt>POST</tt> method and is based
on strings. The generic form performs any HTTP method and is
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a> based.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
If the first argument of the <tt>request</tt> function is a string, it
should be an <tt>url</tt>. In that case, if a <tt>body</tt>
is provided as a string, the function will perform a <tt>POST</tt> method
in the <tt>url</tt>. Otherwise, it performs a <tt>GET</tt> in the
<tt>url</tt>
<tt>url</tt>
</p>
<p class=parameters>
If the first argument is instead a table, the most important fields are
<p class="parameters">
If the first argument is instead a table, the most important fields are
the <tt>url</tt> and the <em>simple</em>
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
<tt>sink</tt> that will receive the downloaded content.
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
<tt>sink</tt> that will receive the downloaded content.
Any part of the <tt>url</tt> can be overridden by including
the appropriate field in the request table.
If authentication information is provided, the function
@ -169,49 +169,51 @@ function discards the downloaded data. The optional parameters are the
following:
</p>
<ul>
<li><tt>method</tt>: The HTTP request method. Defaults to "GET";
<li><tt>headers</tt>: Any additional HTTP headers to send with the request;
<li><tt>source</tt>: <em>simple</em>
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
<li><tt>method</tt>: The HTTP request method. Defaults to "GET";</li>
<li><tt>headers</tt>: Any additional HTTP headers to send with the request;</li>
<li><tt>source</tt>: <em>simple</em>
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
source to provide the request body. If there
is a body, you need to provide an appropriate "<tt>content-length</tt>"
request header field, or the function will attempt to send the body as
"<tt>chunked</tt>" (something few servers support). Defaults to the empty source;
<li><tt>step</tt>:
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
pump step function used to move data.
Defaults to the LTN12 <tt>pump.step</tt> function.
<li><tt>proxy</tt>: The URL of a proxy server to use. Defaults to no proxy;
<li><tt>redirect</tt>: Set to <tt><b>false</b></tt> to prevent the
function from automatically following 301 or 302 server redirect messages;
"<tt>chunked</tt>" (something few servers support). Defaults to the empty source;</li>
<li><tt>step</tt>:
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
pump step function used to move data.
Defaults to the LTN12 <tt>pump.step</tt> function.</li>
<li><tt>proxy</tt>: The URL of a proxy server to use. Defaults to no proxy;</li>
<li><tt>redirect</tt>: Set to <tt><b>false</b></tt> to prevent the
function from automatically following 301 or 302 server redirect messages;</li>
<li><tt>create</tt>: An optional function to be used instead of
<a href=tcp.html#socket.tcp><tt>socket.tcp</tt></a> when the communications socket is created.
<li><tt>maxredirects</tt>: An optional number specifying the maximum number of redirects to follow. Defaults to <tt>5</tt> if not specified. A boolean <tt>false</tt> value means no maximum (unlimited).
<a href="tcp.html#socket.tcp"><tt>socket.tcp</tt></a> when the communications socket is created.</li>
<li><tt>maxredirects</tt>: An optional number specifying the maximum number of
redirects to follow. Defaults to <tt>5</tt> if not specified. A boolean
<tt>false</tt> value means no maximum (unlimited).</li>
</ul>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
In case of failure, the function returns <tt><b>nil</b></tt> followed by an
error message. If successful, the simple form returns the response
error message. If successful, the simple form returns the response
body as a string, followed by the response status code, the response
headers and the response status line. The generic function returns the same
information, except the first return value is just the number 1 (the body
goes to the <tt>sink</tt>).
</p>
<p class=return>
Even when the server fails to provide the contents of the requested URL (URL not found, for example),
<p class="return">
Even when the server fails to provide the contents of the requested URL (URL not found, for example),
it usually returns a message body (a web page informing the
URL was not found or some other useless page). To make sure the
operation was successful, check the returned status <tt>code</tt>. For
a list of the possible values and their meanings, refer to <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt">RFC 2616</a>.
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt">RFC 2616</a>.
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Here are a few examples with the simple interface:
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- load the http module
local io = require("io")
local http = require("socket.http")
@ -219,15 +221,15 @@ local ltn12 = require("ltn12")
-- connect to server "www.cs.princeton.edu" and retrieves this manual
-- file from "~diego/professional/luasocket/http.html" and print it to stdout
http.request{
url = "http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~diego/professional/luasocket/http.html",
http.request{
url = "http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~diego/professional/luasocket/http.html",
sink = ltn12.sink.file(io.stdout)
}
-- connect to server "www.example.com" and tries to retrieve
-- "/private/index.html". Fails because authentication is needed.
b, c, h = http.request("http://www.example.com/private/index.html")
-- b returns some useless page telling about the denied access,
-- b returns some useless page telling about the denied access,
-- h returns authentication information
-- and c returns with value 401 (Authentication Required)
@ -237,11 +239,11 @@ r, e = http.request("http://wrong.host/")
-- r is nil, and e returns with value "host not found"
</pre>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
And here is an example using the generic interface:
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- load the http module
http = require("socket.http")
@ -263,7 +265,7 @@ r, c, h = http.request {
-- }
</pre>
<p class=note id="post">
<p class="note" id="post">
Note: When sending a POST request, simple interface adds a
"<tt>Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded</tt>"
header to the request. This is the type used by
@ -271,21 +273,21 @@ HTML forms. If you need another type, use the generic
interface.
</p>
<p class=note id="authentication">
<p class="note" id="authentication">
Note: Some URLs are protected by their
servers from anonymous download. For those URLs, the server must receive
some sort of authentication along with the request or it will deny
download and return status "401&nbsp;Authentication Required".
download and return status "401&nbsp;Authentication Required".
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
The HTTP/1.1 standard defines two authentication methods: the Basic
Authentication Scheme and the Digest Authentication Scheme, both
explained in detail in
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2068.txt">RFC 2068</a>.
</p>
<p class=note>The Basic Authentication Scheme sends
<p class="note">The Basic Authentication Scheme sends
<tt>&lt;user&gt;</tt> and
<tt>&lt;password&gt;</tt> unencrypted to the server and is therefore
considered unsafe. Unfortunately, by the time of this implementation,
@ -294,7 +296,7 @@ Therefore, this is the method used by the toolkit whenever
authentication is required.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- load required modules
http = require("socket.http")
mime = require("mime")
@ -314,15 +316,15 @@ r, c = http.request {
<!-- footer +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=footer>
<div class="footer">
<hr>
<center>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#download">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;
<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> &middot;
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
</p>
<p>
<small>

140
doc/index.html
View File

@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
@ -13,22 +13,22 @@
<!-- header +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=header>
<div class="header">
<hr>
<center>
<table summary="LuaSocket logo">
<tr><td align=center><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width=128 height=128 border=0 alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
<tr><td align="center"><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width="128" height="128" border="0" alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=center valign=top>Network support for the Lua language
<tr><td align="center" valign="top">Network support for the Lua language
</td></tr>
</table>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#download">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;
<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> &middot;
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
</p>
</center>
<hr>
@ -36,13 +36,13 @@
<!-- whatis +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<h2 id=whatis>What is LuaSocket?</h2>
<h2 id="whatis">What is LuaSocket?</h2>
<p>
LuaSocket is a <a href="http://www.lua.org">Lua</a> extension library
that is composed by two parts: a C core that provides support for the TCP
and UDP transport layers, and a set of Lua modules that add support for
functionality commonly needed by applications that deal with the Internet.
functionality commonly needed by applications that deal with the Internet.
</p>
<p>
@ -52,43 +52,43 @@ properly initialized by the interpreter in use. The code has been tested
and runs well on several Windows and UNIX platforms. </p>
<p>
Among the support modules, the most commonly used implement the
<a href=smtp.html>SMTP</a>
(sending e-mails),
<a href=http.html>HTTP</a>
(WWW access) and
<a href=ftp.html>FTP</a>
Among the support modules, the most commonly used implement the
<a href="smtp.html">SMTP</a>
(sending e-mails),
<a href="http.html">HTTP</a>
(WWW access) and
<a href="ftp.html">FTP</a>
(uploading and downloading files) client
protocols. These provide a very natural and generic interface to the
functionality defined by each protocol.
In addition, you will find that the
<a href=mime.html>MIME</a> (common encodings),
<a href=url.html>URL</a>
(anything you could possible want to do with one) and
<a href=ltn12.html>LTN12</a>
(filters, sinks, sources and pumps) modules can be very handy.
functionality defined by each protocol.
In addition, you will find that the
<a href="mime.html">MIME</a> (common encodings),
<a href="url.html">URL</a>
(anything you could possible want to do with one) and
<a href="ltn12.html">LTN12</a>
(filters, sinks, sources and pumps) modules can be very handy.
</p>
<p>
The library is available under the same
The library is available under the same
<a href="http://www.lua.org/copyright.html">
terms and conditions</a> as the Lua language, the MIT license. The idea is
that if you can use Lua in a project, you should also be able to use
that if you can use Lua in a project, you should also be able to use
LuaSocket.
</p>
<p>
Copyright &copy; 1999-2013 Diego Nehab. All rights reserved. <br>
Author: <A href="http://www.impa.br/~diego">Diego Nehab</a>
Author: <a href="http://www.impa.br/~diego">Diego Nehab</a>
</p>
<!-- download +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<h2 id=download>Download</h2>
<h2 id="download">Download</h2>
<p>
LuaSocket version 3.0-rc1 is now available for download!
It is compatible with Lua&nbsp;5.1 and 5.2, and has
LuaSocket version 3.0-rc1 is now available for download!
It is compatible with Lua&nbsp;5.1 and 5.2, and has
been tested on Windows&nbsp;XP, Linux, and Mac OS X. Chances
are it works well on most UNIX distributions and Windows flavors.
</p>
@ -96,19 +96,19 @@ are it works well on most UNIX distributions and Windows flavors.
<p>
The current version of the library can be found at
the <a href="https://github.com/diegonehab/luasocket">LuaSocket
project page</a> on GitHub. Besides the full C and Lua source code
for the library, the distribution contains several examples,
project page</a> on GitHub. Besides the full C and Lua source code
for the library, the distribution contains several examples,
this user's manual and basic test procedures.
</p>
<p> Take a look at the <a
href=installation.html>installation</a> section of the
href="installation.html">installation</a> section of the
manual to find out how to properly install the library.
</p>
<!-- thanks +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<h2 id=thanks>Special thanks</h2>
<h2 id="thanks">Special thanks</h2>
<p>
This marks the first release of LuaSocket that
@ -118,85 +118,85 @@ convinced me it was time for a release including IPv6 and
Lua 5.2 support. It was more work than we anticipated.
Special thanks to Sam Roberts, Florian Zeitz, and Paul
Aurich, Liam Devine, Alexey Melnichuk, and everybody else
that has helped bring this library back to life.
that has helped bring this library back to life.
</p>
<!-- whatsnew +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<h2 id=new>What's New</h2>
<h2 id="new">What's New</h2>
<p>
Main changes for LuaSocket&nbsp;3.0-rc1 are IPv6 support
and Lua&nbsp;5.2 compatibility.
and Lua&nbsp;5.2 compatibility.
</p>
<ul>
<li> Added: Compatible with Lua&nbsp;5.2
<li> Added: Compatible with Lua&nbsp;5.2</li>
<ul>
<li> Note that unless you define <tt>LUA_COMPAT_MODULE</tt>,
package tables will <em>not</em> be exported as globals!
package tables will <em>not</em> be exported as globals!</li>
</ul>
<li> Added: IPv6 support;
<li> Added: IPv6 support;</li>
<ul>
<li> <tt>Socket.connect</tt> and <tt>socket.bind</tt> support IPv6 addresses;
<li> <tt>Socket.connect</tt> and <tt>socket.bind</tt> support IPv6 addresses;</li>
<li> <tt>Getpeername</tt> and <tt>getsockname</tt> support
IPv6 addresses, and return the socket family as a third value;
<li> URL module updated to support IPv6 host names;
<li> New <tt>socket.tcp6</tt> and <tt>socket.udp6</tt> functions;
<li> New <tt>socket.dns.getaddrinfo</tt> and
<tt>socket.dns.getnameinfo</tt> functions;
IPv6 addresses, and return the socket family as a third value;</li>
<li> URL module updated to support IPv6 host names;</li>
<li> New <tt>socket.tcp6</tt> and <tt>socket.udp6</tt> functions;</li>
<li> New <tt>socket.dns.getaddrinfo</tt> and
<tt>socket.dns.getnameinfo</tt> functions;</li>
</ul>
<li> Added: <tt>getoption</tt> method;
<li> Fixed: <tt>url.unescape</tt> was returning additional values;
<li> Fixed: <tt>mime.qp</tt>, <tt>mime.unqp</tt>,
<li> Added: <tt>getoption</tt> method;</li>
<li> Fixed: <tt>url.unescape</tt> was returning additional values;</li>
<li> Fixed: <tt>mime.qp</tt>, <tt>mime.unqp</tt>,
<tt>mime.b64</tt>, and <tt>mime.unb64</tt> could
mistaking their own stack slots for functions arguments;
<li> Fixed: Receiving zero-length datagram is now possible;
<li> Improved: Hidden all internal library symbols;
<li> Improved: Better error messages;
<li> Improved: Better documentation of socket options.
mistaking their own stack slots for functions arguments;</li>
<li> Fixed: Receiving zero-length datagram is now possible;</li>
<li> Improved: Hidden all internal library symbols;</li>
<li> Improved: Better error messages;</li>
<li> Improved: Better documentation of socket options.</li>
<li> Fixed: manual sample of HTTP authentication now uses correct
"authorization" header (Alexandre Ittner);
<li> Fixed: failure on bind() was destroying the socket (Sam Roberts);
"authorization" header (Alexandre Ittner);</li>
<li> Fixed: failure on bind() was destroying the socket (Sam Roberts);</li>
<li> Fixed: receive() returns immediatelly if prefix can satisfy
bytes requested (M Joonas Pihlaja);
bytes requested (M Joonas Pihlaja);</li>
<li> Fixed: multicast didn't work on Windows, or anywhere
else for that matter (Herbert Leuwer, Adrian Sietsma);
else for that matter (Herbert Leuwer, Adrian Sietsma);</li>
<li> Fixed: select() now reports an error when called with more
sockets than FD_SETSIZE (Lorenzo Leonini);
sockets than FD_SETSIZE (Lorenzo Leonini);</li>
<li> Fixed: manual links to home.html changed to index.html
(Robert Hahn);
(Robert Hahn);</li>
<li> Fixed: mime.unb64() would return an empty string on results that started
with a null character (Robert Raschke);
<li> Fixed: HTTP now automatically redirects on 303 and 307 (Jonathan Gray);
with a null character (Robert Raschke);</li>
<li> Fixed: HTTP now automatically redirects on 303 and 307 (Jonathan Gray);</li>
<li> Fixed: calling sleep() with negative numbers could
block forever, wasting CPU. Now it returns immediately (MPB);
block forever, wasting CPU. Now it returns immediately (MPB);</li>
<li> Improved: FTP commands are now sent in upper case to
help buggy servers (Anders Eurenius);
help buggy servers (Anders Eurenius);</li>
<li> Improved: known headers now sent in canonic
capitalization to help buggy servers (Joseph Stewart);
<li> Improved: Clarified tcp:receive() in the manual (MPB);
<li> Improved: Decent makefiles (LHF).
<li> Fixed: RFC links in documentation now point to IETF (Cosmin Apreutesei).
capitalization to help buggy servers (Joseph Stewart);</li>
<li> Improved: Clarified tcp:receive() in the manual (MPB);</li>
<li> Improved: Decent makefiles (LHF).</li>
<li> Fixed: RFC links in documentation now point to IETF (Cosmin Apreutesei).</li>
</ul>
<!-- old ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<h2 id=old>Old Versions</h2>
<h2 id="old">Old Versions</h2>
<p>
All previous versions of the LuaSocket library can be downloaded <a
href="http://www.impa.br/~diego/software/luasocket/old">
here</a>. Although these versions are no longer supported, they are
still available for those that have compatibility issues.
still available for those that have compatibility issues.
</p>
<!-- footer +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=footer>
<div class="footer">
<hr>
<center>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html#download">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;
<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> &middot;

200
doc/ltn12.html
View File

@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
@ -14,22 +14,22 @@ Pump, Support, Library">
<!-- header +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=header>
<div class="header">
<hr>
<center>
<table summary="LuaSocket logo">
<tr><td align=center><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width=128 height=128 border=0 alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
<tr><td align="center"><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width="128" height="128" border="0" alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=center valign=top>Network support for the Lua language
<tr><td align="center" valign="top">Network support for the Lua language
</td></tr>
</table>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#download">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;
<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> &middot;
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
</p>
</center>
<hr>
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ Pump, Support, Library">
<!-- ltn12 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<h2 id=ltn12>LTN12</h2>
<h2 id="ltn12">LTN12</h2>
<p> The <tt>ltn12</tt> namespace implements the ideas described in
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">
@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ functions. Please refer to the LTN for a deeper explanation of the
functionality provided by this module.
</p>
<p>
<p>
To obtain the <tt>ltn12</tt> namespace, run:
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- loads the LTN21 module
local ltn12 = require("ltn12")
</pre>
@ -61,32 +61,32 @@ local ltn12 = require("ltn12")
<!-- chain ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="filter.chain">
ltn12.filter.<b>chain(</b>filter<sub>1</sub>, filter<sub>2</sub>
<p class="name" id="filter.chain">
ltn12.filter.<b>chain(</b>filter<sub>1</sub>, filter<sub>2</sub>
[, ... filter<sub>N</sub>]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Returns a filter that passes all data it receives through each of a
series of given filters.
series of given filters.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Filter<sub>1</sub></tt> to <tt>filter<sub>N</sub></tt> are simple
filters.
filters.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The function returns the chained filter.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
The nesting of filters can be arbitrary. For instance, the useless filter
below doesn't do anything but return the data that was passed to it,
unaltered.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- load required modules
local ltn12 = require("ltn12")
local mime = require("mime")
@ -102,26 +102,26 @@ id = ltn12.filter.chain(
<!-- cycle ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="filter.cycle">
<p class="name" id="filter.cycle">
ltn12.filter.<b>cycle(</b>low [, ctx, extra]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Returns a high-level filter that cycles though a low-level filter by
passing it each chunk and updating a context between calls.
passing it each chunk and updating a context between calls.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>Low</tt> is the low-level filter to be cycled,
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Low</tt> is the low-level filter to be cycled,
<tt>ctx</tt> is the initial context and <tt>extra</tt> is any extra
argument the low-level filter might take.
</p>
<p class=return>
The function returns the high-level filter.
<p class="return">
The function returns the high-level filter.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- load the ltn12 module
local ltn12 = require("ltn12")
@ -137,15 +137,15 @@ end
<!-- all ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="pump.all">
<p class="name" id="pump.all">
ltn12.pump.<b>all(</b>source, sink<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Pumps <em>all</em> data from a <tt>source</tt> to a <tt>sink</tt>.
<p class="description">
Pumps <em>all</em> data from a <tt>source</tt> to a <tt>sink</tt>.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
If successful, the function returns a value that evaluates to
<b><tt>true</tt></b>. In case
of error, the function returns a <b><tt>false</tt></b> value, followed by an error message.
@ -153,15 +153,15 @@ of error, the function returns a <b><tt>false</tt></b> value, followed by an err
<!-- step +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="pump.step">
<p class="name" id="pump.step">
ltn12.pump.<b>step(</b>source, sink<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Pumps <em>one</em> chunk of data from a <tt>source</tt> to a <tt>sink</tt>.
<p class="description">
Pumps <em>one</em> chunk of data from a <tt>source</tt> to a <tt>sink</tt>.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
If successful, the function returns a value that evaluates to
<b><tt>true</tt></b>. In case
of error, the function returns a <b><tt>false</tt></b> value, followed by an error message.
@ -173,52 +173,52 @@ of error, the function returns a <b><tt>false</tt></b> value, followed by an err
<!-- chain ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="sink.chain">
<p class="name" id="sink.chain">
ltn12.sink.<b>chain(</b>filter, sink<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Creates and returns a new sink that passes data through a <tt>filter</tt> before sending it to a given <tt>sink</tt>.
<p class="description">
Creates and returns a new sink that passes data through a <tt>filter</tt> before sending it to a given <tt>sink</tt>.
</p>
<!-- error ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="sink.error">
<p class="name" id="sink.error">
ltn12.sink.<b>error(</b>message<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Creates and returns a sink that aborts transmission with the error
<tt>message</tt>.
</p>
<!-- file +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="sink.file">
<p class="name" id="sink.file">
ltn12.sink.<b>file(</b>handle, message<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Creates a sink that sends data to a file.
<p class="description">
Creates a sink that sends data to a file.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>Handle</tt> is a file handle. If <tt>handle</tt> is <tt><b>nil</b></tt>,
<tt>message</tt> should give the reason for failure.
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Handle</tt> is a file handle. If <tt>handle</tt> is <tt><b>nil</b></tt>,
<tt>message</tt> should give the reason for failure.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The function returns a sink that sends all data to the given <tt>handle</tt>
and closes the file when done, or a sink that aborts the transmission with
the error <tt>message</tt>
</p>
<p class=note>
In the following example, notice how the prototype is designed to
<p class="note">
In the following example, notice how the prototype is designed to
fit nicely with the <tt>io.open</tt> function.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- load the ltn12 module
local ltn12 = require("ltn12")
@ -231,45 +231,45 @@ ltn12.pump.all(
<!-- null +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="sink.null">
<p class="name" id="sink.null">
ltn12.sink.<b>null()</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Returns a sink that ignores all data it receives.
<p class="description">
Returns a sink that ignores all data it receives.
</p>
<!-- simplify +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="sink.simplify">
<p class="name" id="sink.simplify">
ltn12.sink.<b>simplify(</b>sink<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Creates and returns a simple sink given a fancy <tt>sink</tt>.
<p class="description">
Creates and returns a simple sink given a fancy <tt>sink</tt>.
</p>
<!-- table ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="sink.table">
<p class="name" id="sink.table">
ltn12.sink.<b>table(</b>[table]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Creates a sink that stores all chunks in a table. The chunks can later be
efficiently concatenated into a single string.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Table</tt> is used to hold the chunks. If
<tt><b>nil</b></tt>, the function creates its own table.
<tt><b>nil</b></tt>, the function creates its own table.
</p>
<p class=return>
The function returns the sink and the table used to store the chunks.
<p class="return">
The function returns the sink and the table used to store the chunks.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- load needed modules
local http = require("socket.http")
local ltn12 = require("ltn12")
@ -291,89 +291,89 @@ end
<!-- cat ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="source.cat">
<p class="name" id="source.cat">
ltn12.source.<b>cat(</b>source<sub>1</sub> [, source<sub>2</sub>, ...,
source<sub>N</sub>]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Creates a new source that produces the concatenation of the data produced
by a number of sources.
by a number of sources.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Source<sub>1</sub></tt> to <tt>source<sub>N</sub></tt> are the original
sources.
sources.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The function returns the new source.
</p>
<!-- chain ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="source.chain">
<p class="name" id="source.chain">
ltn12.source.<b>chain(</b>source, filter<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Creates a new <tt>source</tt> that passes data through a <tt>filter</tt>
before returning it.
<p class="description">
Creates a new <tt>source</tt> that passes data through a <tt>filter</tt>
before returning it.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The function returns the new source.
</p>
<!-- empty ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="source.empty">
<p class="name" id="source.empty">
ltn12.source.<b>empty()</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Creates and returns an empty source.
<p class="description">
Creates and returns an empty source.
</p>
<!-- error ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="source.error">
<p class="name" id="source.error">
ltn12.source.<b>error(</b>message<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Creates and returns a source that aborts transmission with the error
<tt>message</tt>.
</p>
<!-- file +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="source.file">
<p class="name" id="source.file">
ltn12.source.<b>file(</b>handle, message<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Creates a source that produces the contents of a file.
<p class="description">
Creates a source that produces the contents of a file.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>Handle</tt> is a file handle. If <tt>handle</tt> is <tt><b>nil</b></tt>,
<tt>message</tt> should give the reason for failure.
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Handle</tt> is a file handle. If <tt>handle</tt> is <tt><b>nil</b></tt>,
<tt>message</tt> should give the reason for failure.
</p>
<p class=return>
The function returns a source that reads chunks of data from
<p class="return">
The function returns a source that reads chunks of data from
given <tt>handle</tt> and returns it to the user,
closing the file when done, or a source that aborts the transmission with
the error <tt>message</tt>
</p>
<p class=note>
In the following example, notice how the prototype is designed to
<p class="note">
In the following example, notice how the prototype is designed to
fit nicely with the <tt>io.open</tt> function.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- load the ltn12 module
local ltn12 = require("ltn12")
@ -386,41 +386,41 @@ ltn12.pump.all(
<!-- simplify +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="source.simplify">
<p class="name" id="source.simplify">
ltn12.source.<b>simplify(</b>source<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Creates and returns a simple source given a fancy <tt>source</tt>.
<p class="description">
Creates and returns a simple source given a fancy <tt>source</tt>.
</p>
<!-- string +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="source.string">
<p class="name" id="source.string">
ltn12.source.<b>string(</b>string<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Creates and returns a source that produces the contents of a
<tt>string</tt>, chunk by chunk.
<tt>string</tt>, chunk by chunk.
</p>
<!-- table +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="source.table">
<p class="name" id="source.table">
ltn12.source.<b>table(</b>table<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Creates and returns a source that produces the numerically-indexed values of a <tt>table</tt> successively beginning at 1. The source returns nil (end-of-stream) whenever a nil value is produced by the current index, which proceeds forward regardless.
</p>
<!-- footer +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=footer>
<div class="footer">
<hr>
<center>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#down">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;

302
doc/mime.html
View File

@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta name="description" content="LuaSocket: MIME support">
<meta name="keywords" content="Lua, LuaSocket, MIME, Library, Support">
<meta name="keywords" content="Lua, LuaSocket, MIME, Library, Support">
<title>LuaSocket: MIME module</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reference.css" type="text/css">
</head>
@ -13,22 +13,22 @@
<!-- header +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=header>
<div class="header">
<hr>
<center>
<table summary="LuaSocket logo">
<tr><td align=center><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width=128 height=128 border=0 alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
<tr><td align="center"><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width="128" height="128" border="0" alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=center valign=top>Network support for the Lua language
<tr><td align="center" valign="top">Network support for the Lua language
</td></tr>
</table>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#download">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;
<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> &middot;
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
</p>
</center>
<hr>
@ -36,14 +36,14 @@
<!-- mime +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<h2 id=mime>MIME</h2>
<h2 id="mime">MIME</h2>
<p>
The <tt>mime</tt> namespace offers filters that apply and remove common
content transfer encodings, such as Base64 and Quoted-Printable.
It also provides functions to break text into lines and change
the end-of-line convention.
MIME is described mainly in
MIME is described mainly in
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2045.txt">RFC 2045</a>,
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt">2046</a>,
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2047.txt">2047</a>,
@ -52,17 +52,17 @@ MIME is described mainly in
</p>
<p>
All functionality provided by the MIME module
follows the ideas presented in
All functionality provided by the MIME module
follows the ideas presented in
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">
LTN012, Filters sources and sinks</a>.
LTN012, Filters sources and sinks</a>.
</p>
<p>
<p>
To obtain the <tt>mime</tt> namespace, run:
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- loads the MIME module and everything it requires
local mime = require("mime")
</pre>
@ -70,60 +70,60 @@ local mime = require("mime")
<!-- High-level +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<h3 id=high>High-level filters</h3>
<h3 id="high">High-level filters</h3>
<!-- decode +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="decode">
<p class="name" id="decode">
mime.<b>decode(</b>"base64"<b>)</b><br>
mime.<b>decode(</b>"quoted-printable"<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Returns a filter that decodes data from a given transfer content
encoding.
</p>
<!-- encode +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="encode">
<p class="name" id="encode">
mime.<b>encode(</b>"base64"<b>)</b><br>
mime.<b>encode(</b>"quoted-printable" [, mode]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Returns a filter that encodes data according to a given transfer content
encoding.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
In the Quoted-Printable case, the user can specify whether the data is
textual or binary, by passing the <tt>mode</tt> strings "<tt>text</tt>" or
"<tt>binary</tt>". <tt>Mode</tt> defaults to "<tt>text</tt>".
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Although both transfer content encodings specify a limit for the line
length, the encoding filters do <em>not</em> break text into lines (for
added flexibility).
added flexibility).
Below is a filter that converts binary data to the Base64 transfer content
encoding and breaks it into lines of the correct size.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
base64 = ltn12.filter.chain(
mime.encode("base64"),
mime.wrap("base64")
)
</pre>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: Text data <em>has</em> to be converted to canonic form
<em>before</em> being encoded.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
base64 = ltn12.filter.chain(
mime.normalize(),
mime.encode("base64"),
@ -133,77 +133,77 @@ base64 = ltn12.filter.chain(
<!-- normalize ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="normalize">
<p class="name" id="normalize">
mime.<b>normalize(</b>[marker]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Converts most common end-of-line markers to a specific given marker.
<p class="description">
Converts most common end-of-line markers to a specific given marker.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>Marker</tt> is the new marker. It defaults to CRLF, the canonic
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Marker</tt> is the new marker. It defaults to CRLF, the canonic
end-of-line marker defined by the MIME standard.
</p>
<p class=return>
The function returns a filter that performs the conversion.
<p class="return">
The function returns a filter that performs the conversion.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: There is no perfect solution to this problem. Different end-of-line
markers are an evil that will probably plague developers forever.
markers are an evil that will probably plague developers forever.
This function, however, will work perfectly for text created with any of
the most common end-of-line markers, i.e. the Mac OS (CR), the Unix (LF),
the most common end-of-line markers, i.e. the Mac OS (CR), the Unix (LF),
or the DOS (CRLF) conventions. Even if the data has mixed end-of-line
markers, the function will still work well, although it doesn't
markers, the function will still work well, although it doesn't
guarantee that the number of empty lines will be correct.
</p>
<!-- stuff +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="stuff">
<p class="name" id="stuff">
mime.<b>stuff()</b><br>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Creates and returns a filter that performs stuffing of SMTP messages.
</p>
<p class=note>
Note: The <a href=smtp.html#send><tt>smtp.send</tt></a> function
<p class="note">
Note: The <a href="smtp.html#send"><tt>smtp.send</tt></a> function
uses this filter automatically. You don't need to chain it with your
source, or apply it to your message body.
source, or apply it to your message body.
</p>
<!-- wrap +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="wrap">
<p class="name" id="wrap">
mime.<b>wrap(</b>"text" [, length]<b>)</b><br>
mime.<b>wrap(</b>"base64"<b>)</b><br>
mime.<b>wrap(</b>"quoted-printable"<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Returns a filter that breaks data into lines.
<p class="description">
Returns a filter that breaks data into lines.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
The "<tt>text</tt>" line-wrap filter simply breaks text into lines by
inserting CRLF end-of-line markers at appropriate positions.
<tt>Length</tt> defaults 76.
<p class="parameters">
The "<tt>text</tt>" line-wrap filter simply breaks text into lines by
inserting CRLF end-of-line markers at appropriate positions.
<tt>Length</tt> defaults 76.
The "<tt>base64</tt>" line-wrap filter works just like the default
"<tt>text</tt>" line-wrap filter with default length.
"<tt>text</tt>" line-wrap filter with default length.
The function can also wrap "<tt>quoted-printable</tt>" lines, taking care
not to break lines in the middle of an escaped character. In that case, the
line length is fixed at 76.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
For example, to create an encoding filter for the Quoted-Printable transfer content encoding of text data, do the following:
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
qp = ltn12.filter.chain(
mime.normalize(),
mime.encode("quoted-printable"),
@ -211,155 +211,155 @@ qp = ltn12.filter.chain(
)
</pre>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: To break into lines with a different end-of-line convention, apply
a normalization filter after the line break filter.
a normalization filter after the line break filter.
</p>
<!-- Low-level ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<h3 id=low>Low-level filters</h3>
<h3 id="low">Low-level filters</h3>
<!-- b64 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="b64">
<p class="name" id="b64">
A, B = mime.<b>b64(</b>C [, D]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Low-level filter to perform Base64 encoding.
<p class="description">
Low-level filter to perform Base64 encoding.
</p>
<p class=description>
<tt>A</tt> is the encoded version of the largest prefix of
<tt>C..D</tt>
that can be encoded unambiguously. <tt>B</tt> has the remaining bytes of
<tt>C..D</tt>, <em>before</em> encoding.
If <tt>D</tt> is <tt><b>nil</b></tt>, <tt>A</tt> is padded with
the encoding of the remaining bytes of <tt>C</tt>.
<p class="description">
<tt>A</tt> is the encoded version of the largest prefix of
<tt>C..D</tt>
that can be encoded unambiguously. <tt>B</tt> has the remaining bytes of
<tt>C..D</tt>, <em>before</em> encoding.
If <tt>D</tt> is <tt><b>nil</b></tt>, <tt>A</tt> is padded with
the encoding of the remaining bytes of <tt>C</tt>.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: The simplest use of this function is to encode a string into it's
Base64 transfer content encoding. Notice the extra parenthesis around the
call to <tt>mime.b64</tt>, to discard the second return value.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
print((mime.b64("diego:password")))
--&gt; ZGllZ286cGFzc3dvcmQ=
</pre>
<!-- dot +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="dot">
<p class="name" id="dot">
A, n = mime.<b>dot(</b>m [, B]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Low-level filter to perform SMTP stuffing and enable transmission of
messages containing the sequence "CRLF.CRLF".
messages containing the sequence "CRLF.CRLF".
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>A</tt> is the stuffed version of <tt>B</tt>. '<tt>n</tt>' gives the
number of characters from the sequence CRLF seen in the end of <tt>B</tt>.
'<tt>m</tt>' should tell the same, but for the previous chunk.
</p>
<p class=note>Note: The message body is defined to begin with
<p class="note">Note: The message body is defined to begin with
an implicit CRLF. Therefore, to stuff a message correctly, the
first <tt>m</tt> should have the value 2.
first <tt>m</tt> should have the value 2.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
print((string.gsub(mime.dot(2, ".\r\nStuffing the message.\r\n.\r\n."), "\r\n", "\\n")))
--&gt; ..\nStuffing the message.\n..\n..
</pre>
<p class=note>
Note: The <a href=smtp.html#send><tt>smtp.send</tt></a> function
uses this filter automatically. You don't need to
apply it again.
<p class="note">
Note: The <a href="smtp.html#send"><tt>smtp.send</tt></a> function
uses this filter automatically. You don't need to
apply it again.
</p>
<!-- eol ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="eol">
<p class="name" id="eol">
A, B = mime.<b>eol(</b>C [, D, marker]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Low-level filter to perform end-of-line marker translation.
<p class="description">
Low-level filter to perform end-of-line marker translation.
For each chunk, the function needs to know if the last character of the
previous chunk could be part of an end-of-line marker or not. This is the
context the function receives besides the chunk. An updated version of
the context is returned after each new chunk.
the context is returned after each new chunk.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>A</tt> is the translated version of <tt>D</tt>. <tt>C</tt> is the
ASCII value of the last character of the previous chunk, if it was a
candidate for line break, or 0 otherwise.
candidate for line break, or 0 otherwise.
<tt>B</tt> is the same as <tt>C</tt>, but for the current
chunk. <tt>Marker</tt> gives the new end-of-line marker and defaults to CRLF.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- translates the end-of-line marker to UNIX
unix = mime.eol(0, dos, "\n")
unix = mime.eol(0, dos, "\n")
</pre>
<!-- qp ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="qp">
<p class="name" id="qp">
A, B = mime.<b>qp(</b>C [, D, marker]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Low-level filter to perform Quoted-Printable encoding.
<p class="description">
Low-level filter to perform Quoted-Printable encoding.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>A</tt> is the encoded version of the largest prefix of
<tt>C..D</tt>
that can be encoded unambiguously. <tt>B</tt> has the remaining bytes of
<tt>C..D</tt>, <em>before</em> encoding.
If <tt>D</tt> is <tt><b>nil</b></tt>, <tt>A</tt> is padded with
the encoding of the remaining bytes of <tt>C</tt>.
Throughout encoding, occurrences of CRLF are replaced by the
<p class="parameters">
<tt>A</tt> is the encoded version of the largest prefix of
<tt>C..D</tt>
that can be encoded unambiguously. <tt>B</tt> has the remaining bytes of
<tt>C..D</tt>, <em>before</em> encoding.
If <tt>D</tt> is <tt><b>nil</b></tt>, <tt>A</tt> is padded with
the encoding of the remaining bytes of <tt>C</tt>.
Throughout encoding, occurrences of CRLF are replaced by the
<tt>marker</tt>, which itself defaults to CRLF.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: The simplest use of this function is to encode a string into it's
Quoted-Printable transfer content encoding.
Quoted-Printable transfer content encoding.
Notice the extra parenthesis around the call to <tt>mime.qp</tt>, to discard the second return value.
</p>
<pre class=example>
print((mime.qp("maçã")))
<pre class="example">
print((mime.qp("ma<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>")))
--&gt; ma=E7=E3=
</pre>
<!-- qpwrp ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="qpwrp">
<p class="name" id="qpwrp">
A, m = mime.<b>qpwrp(</b>n [, B, length]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Low-level filter to break Quoted-Printable text into lines.
<p class="description">
Low-level filter to break Quoted-Printable text into lines.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>A</tt> is a copy of <tt>B</tt>, broken into lines of at most
<tt>length</tt> bytes (defaults to 76).
'<tt>n</tt>' should tell how many bytes are left for the first
line of <tt>B</tt> and '<tt>m</tt>' returns the number of bytes
left in the last line of <tt>A</tt>.
<p class="parameters">
<tt>A</tt> is a copy of <tt>B</tt>, broken into lines of at most
<tt>length</tt> bytes (defaults to 76).
'<tt>n</tt>' should tell how many bytes are left for the first
line of <tt>B</tt> and '<tt>m</tt>' returns the number of bytes
left in the last line of <tt>A</tt>.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: Besides breaking text into lines, this function makes sure the line
breaks don't fall in the middle of an escaped character combination. Also,
this function only breaks lines that are bigger than <tt>length</tt> bytes.
@ -367,86 +367,86 @@ this function only breaks lines that are bigger than <tt>length</tt> bytes.
<!-- unb64 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="unb64">
<p class="name" id="unb64">
A, B = mime.<b>unb64(</b>C [, D]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Low-level filter to perform Base64 decoding.
<p class="description">
Low-level filter to perform Base64 decoding.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>A</tt> is the decoded version of the largest prefix of
<tt>C..D</tt>
that can be decoded unambiguously. <tt>B</tt> has the remaining bytes of
<tt>C..D</tt>, <em>before</em> decoding.
<p class="parameters">
<tt>A</tt> is the decoded version of the largest prefix of
<tt>C..D</tt>
that can be decoded unambiguously. <tt>B</tt> has the remaining bytes of
<tt>C..D</tt>, <em>before</em> decoding.
If <tt>D</tt> is <tt><b>nil</b></tt>, <tt>A</tt> is the empty string
and <tt>B</tt> returns whatever couldn't be decoded.
and <tt>B</tt> returns whatever couldn't be decoded.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: The simplest use of this function is to decode a string from it's
Base64 transfer content encoding.
Base64 transfer content encoding.
Notice the extra parenthesis around the call to <tt>mime.unqp</tt>, to discard the second return value.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
print((mime.unb64("ZGllZ286cGFzc3dvcmQ=")))
--&gt; diego:password
</pre>
<!-- unqp +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="unqp">
<p class="name" id="unqp">
A, B = mime.<b>unqp(</b>C [, D]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Low-level filter to remove the Quoted-Printable transfer content encoding
from data.
from data.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>A</tt> is the decoded version of the largest prefix of
<tt>C..D</tt>
that can be decoded unambiguously. <tt>B</tt> has the remaining bytes of
<tt>C..D</tt>, <em>before</em> decoding.
If <tt>D</tt> is <tt><b>nil</b></tt>, <tt>A</tt> is augmented with
the encoding of the remaining bytes of <tt>C</tt>.
<p class="parameters">
<tt>A</tt> is the decoded version of the largest prefix of
<tt>C..D</tt>
that can be decoded unambiguously. <tt>B</tt> has the remaining bytes of
<tt>C..D</tt>, <em>before</em> decoding.
If <tt>D</tt> is <tt><b>nil</b></tt>, <tt>A</tt> is augmented with
the encoding of the remaining bytes of <tt>C</tt>.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: The simplest use of this function is to decode a string from it's
Quoted-Printable transfer content encoding.
Quoted-Printable transfer content encoding.
Notice the extra parenthesis around the call to <tt>mime.unqp</tt>, to discard the second return value.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
print((mime.qp("ma=E7=E3=")))
--&gt; maçã
--&gt; ma<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
</pre>
<!-- wrp ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="wrp">
<p class="name" id="wrp">
A, m = mime.<b>wrp(</b>n [, B, length]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Low-level filter to break text into lines with CRLF marker.
Text is assumed to be in the <a href=#normalize><tt>normalize</tt></a> form.
<p class="description">
Low-level filter to break text into lines with CRLF marker.
Text is assumed to be in the <a href="#normalize"><tt>normalize</tt></a> form.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>A</tt> is a copy of <tt>B</tt>, broken into lines of at most
<tt>length</tt> bytes (defaults to 76).
'<tt>n</tt>' should tell how many bytes are left for the first
line of <tt>B</tt> and '<tt>m</tt>' returns the number of bytes
left in the last line of <tt>A</tt>.
<p class="parameters">
<tt>A</tt> is a copy of <tt>B</tt>, broken into lines of at most
<tt>length</tt> bytes (defaults to 76).
'<tt>n</tt>' should tell how many bytes are left for the first
line of <tt>B</tt> and '<tt>m</tt>' returns the number of bytes
left in the last line of <tt>A</tt>.
</p>
<p class=note>
Note: This function only breaks lines that are bigger than
<p class="note">
Note: This function only breaks lines that are bigger than
<tt>length</tt> bytes. The resulting line length does not include the CRLF
marker.
</p>
@ -454,10 +454,10 @@ marker.
<!-- footer +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=footer>
<div class="footer">
<hr>
<center>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#down">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;

22
doc/reference.html
View File

@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta name="description" content="LuaSocket: Index to reference manual">
<meta name="keywords" content="Lua, LuaSocket, Index, Manual, Network, Library,
Support, Manual">
Support, Manual">
<title>LuaSocket: Index to reference manual</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reference.css" type="text/css">
</head>
@ -14,22 +14,22 @@ Support, Manual">
<!-- header ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=header>
<div class="header">
<hr>
<center>
<table summary="LuaSocket logo">
<tr><td align=center><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width=128 height=128 border=0 alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
<tr><td align="center"><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width="128" height="128" border="0" alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=center valign=top>Network support for the Lua language
<tr><td align="center" valign="top">Network support for the Lua language
</td></tr>
</table>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#download">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;
<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> &middot;
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
</p>
</center>
<hr>
@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ Support, Manual">
<a href="ltn12.html#sink.table">table</a>.
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<a href="ltn12.html#source">source</a>:
<a href="ltn12.html#source">source</a>:
<a href="ltn12.html#source.cat">cat</a>,
<a href="ltn12.html#source.chain">chain</a>,
<a href="ltn12.html#source.empty">empty</a>,
@ -238,10 +238,10 @@ Support, Manual">
<!-- footer ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=footer>
<div class="footer">
<hr>
<center>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
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191
doc/smtp.html
View File

@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta name="description" content="LuaSocket: SMTP support">
<meta name="keywords" content="Lua, LuaSocket, SMTP, E-Mail, MIME, Multipart,
Library, Support">
Library, Support">
<title>LuaSocket: SMTP support</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reference.css" type="text/css">
</head>
@ -14,22 +14,22 @@ Library, Support">
<!-- header +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=header>
<div class="header">
<hr>
<center>
<table summary="LuaSocket logo">
<tr><td align=center><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width=128 height=128 border=0 alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
<tr><td align="center"><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width="128" height="128" border="0" alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=center valign=top>Network support for the Lua language
<tr><td align="center" valign="top">Network support for the Lua language
</td></tr>
</table>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#download">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;
<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> &middot;
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
</p>
</center>
<hr>
@ -37,14 +37,14 @@ Library, Support">
<!-- smtp +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<h2 id=smtp>SMTP</h2>
<h2 id="smtp">SMTP</h2>
<p> The <tt>smtp</tt> namespace provides functionality to send e-mail
messages. The high-level API consists of two functions: one to
messages. The high-level API consists of two functions: one to
define an e-mail message, and another to actually send the message.
Although almost all users will find that these functions provide more than
enough functionality, the underlying implementation allows for even more
control (if you bother to read the code).
control (if you bother to read the code).
</p>
<p>The implementation conforms to the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol,
@ -54,19 +54,19 @@ href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2822.txt">RFC 2822</a>,
which governs the Internet Message Format.
Multipart messages (those that contain attachments) are part
of the MIME standard, but described mainly
in <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt">RFC 2046</a>
in <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt">RFC 2046</a>.</p>
<p> In the description below, good understanding of <a
href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks"> LTN012, Filters
sources and sinks</a> and the <a href=mime.html>MIME</a> module is
assumed. In fact, the SMTP module was the main reason for their
sources and sinks</a> and the <a href="mime.html">MIME</a> module is
assumed. In fact, the SMTP module was the main reason for their
creation. </p>
<p>
<p>
To obtain the <tt>smtp</tt> namespace, run:
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- loads the SMTP module and everything it requires
local smtp = require("socket.smtp")
</pre>
@ -92,40 +92,40 @@ headers = {<br>
<p>
Field names are case insensitive (as specified by the standard) and all
functions work with lowercase field names (but see
<a href=socket.html#headers.canonic><tt>socket.headers.canonic</tt></a>).
<a href="socket.html#headers.canonic"><tt>socket.headers.canonic</tt></a>).
Field values are left unmodified.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: MIME headers are independent of order. Therefore, there is no problem
in representing them in a Lua table.
in representing them in a Lua table.
</p>
<p>
The following constants can be set to control the default behavior of
the SMTP module:
the SMTP module:
</p>
<ul>
<li> <tt>DOMAIN</tt>: domain used to greet the server;
<li> <tt>PORT</tt>: default port used for the connection;
<li> <tt>SERVER</tt>: default server used for the connection;
<li> <tt>TIMEOUT</tt>: default timeout for all I/O operations;
<li> <tt>ZONE</tt>: default time zone.
<li> <tt>DOMAIN</tt>: domain used to greet the server;</li>
<li> <tt>PORT</tt>: default port used for the connection;</li>
<li> <tt>SERVER</tt>: default server used for the connection;</li>
<li> <tt>TIMEOUT</tt>: default timeout for all I/O operations;</li>
<li> <tt>ZONE</tt>: default time zone.</li>
</ul>
<!-- message ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=message>
<p class="name" id="message">
smtp.<b>message(</b>mesgt<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Returns a <em>simple</em>
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a> source that sends an SMTP message body, possibly multipart (arbitrarily deep).
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a> source that sends an SMTP message body, possibly multipart (arbitrarily deep).
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
The only parameter of the function is a table describing the message.
<tt>Mesgt</tt> has the following form (notice the recursive structure):
</p>
@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ The only parameter of the function is a table describing the message.
<tr><td><tt>
mesgt = {<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;headers = <i>header-table</i>,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;body = <i>LTN12 source</i> or <i>string</i> or
&nbsp;&nbsp;body = <i>LTN12 source</i> or <i>string</i> or
<i>multipart-mesgt</i><br>
}<br>
&nbsp;<br>
@ -151,36 +151,36 @@ multipart-mesgt = {<br>
</table>
</blockquote>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
For a simple message, all that is needed is a set of <tt>headers</tt>
and the <tt>body</tt>. The message <tt>body</tt> can be given as a string
or as a <em>simple</em>
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
or as a <em>simple</em>
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
source. For multipart messages, the body is a table that
recursively defines each part as an independent message, plus an optional
<tt>preamble</tt> and <tt>epilogue</tt>.
</p>
<p class=return>
The function returns a <em>simple</em>
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
<p class="return">
The function returns a <em>simple</em>
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
source that produces the
message contents as defined by <tt>mesgt</tt>, chunk by chunk.
message contents as defined by <tt>mesgt</tt>, chunk by chunk.
Hopefully, the following
example will make things clear. When in doubt, refer to the appropriate RFC
as listed in the introduction. </p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- load the smtp support and its friends
local smtp = require("socket.smtp")
local mime = require("mime")
local ltn12 = require("ltn12")
-- creates a source to send a message with two parts. The first part is
-- creates a source to send a message with two parts. The first part is
-- plain text, the second part is a PNG image, encoded as base64.
source = smtp.message{
headers = {
-- Remember that headers are *ignored* by smtp.send.
-- Remember that headers are *ignored* by smtp.send.
from = "Sicrano de Oliveira &lt;sicrano@example.com&gt;",
to = "Fulano da Silva &lt;fulano@example.com&gt;",
subject = "Here is a message with attachments"
@ -191,20 +191,20 @@ source = smtp.message{
"Preamble will probably appear even in a MIME enabled client.",
-- first part: no headers means plain text, us-ascii.
-- The mime.eol low-level filter normalizes end-of-line markers.
[1] = {
[1] = {
body = mime.eol(0, [[
Lines in a message body should always end with CRLF.
The smtp module will *NOT* perform translation. However, the
Lines in a message body should always end with CRLF.
The smtp module will *NOT* perform translation. However, the
send function *DOES* perform SMTP stuffing, whereas the message
function does *NOT*.
]])
},
-- second part: headers describe content to be a png image,
-- second part: headers describe content to be a png image,
-- sent under the base64 transfer content encoding.
-- notice that nothing happens until the message is actually sent.
-- small chunks are loaded into memory right before transmission and
-- notice that nothing happens until the message is actually sent.
-- small chunks are loaded into memory right before transmission and
-- translation happens on the fly.
[2] = {
[2] = {
headers = {
["content-type"] = 'image/png; name="image.png"',
["content-disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="image.png"',
@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ r, e = smtp.send{
<!-- send +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=send>
<p class="name" id="send">
smtp.<b>send{</b><br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;from = <i>string</i>,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;rcpt = <i>string</i> or <i>string-table</i>,<br>
@ -249,53 +249,53 @@ smtp.<b>send{</b><br>
<b>}</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Sends a message to a recipient list. Since sending messages is not as
simple as downloading an URL from a FTP or HTTP server, this function
doesn't have a simple interface. However, see the
<a href=#message><tt>message</tt></a> source factory for
simple as downloading an URL from a FTP or HTTP server, this function
doesn't have a simple interface. However, see the
<a href="#message"><tt>message</tt></a> source factory for
a very powerful way to define the message contents.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
The sender is given by the e-mail address in the <tt>from</tt> field.
<p class="parameters">
The sender is given by the e-mail address in the <tt>from</tt> field.
<tt>Rcpt</tt> is a Lua table with one entry for each recipient e-mail
address, or a string
in case there is just one recipient.
The contents of the message are given by a <em>simple</em>
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
in case there is just one recipient.
The contents of the message are given by a <em>simple</em>
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
<tt>source</tt>. Several arguments are optional:
</p>
<ul>
<li> <tt>user</tt>, <tt>password</tt>: User and password for
authentication. The function will attempt LOGIN and PLAIN authentication
methods if supported by the server (both are unsafe);
<li> <tt>server</tt>: Server to connect to. Defaults to "localhost";
<li> <tt>port</tt>: Port to connect to. Defaults to 25;
methods if supported by the server (both are unsafe);</li>
<li> <tt>server</tt>: Server to connect to. Defaults to "localhost";</li>
<li> <tt>port</tt>: Port to connect to. Defaults to 25;</li>
<li> <tt>domain</tt>: Domain name used to greet the server; Defaults to the
local machine host name;
<li> <tt>step</tt>:
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
local machine host name;</li>
<li> <tt>step</tt>:
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
pump step function used to pass data from the
source to the server. Defaults to the LTN12 <tt>pump.step</tt> function;
source to the server. Defaults to the LTN12 <tt>pump.step</tt> function;</li>
<li><tt>create</tt>: An optional function to be used instead of
<a href=tcp.html#socket.tcp><tt>socket.tcp</tt></a> when the communications socket is created.
<a href="tcp.html#socket.tcp"><tt>socket.tcp</tt></a> when the communications socket is created.</li>
</ul>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
If successful, the function returns 1. Otherwise, the function returns
<b><tt>nil</tt></b> followed by an error message.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: SMTP servers can be very picky with the format of e-mail
addresses. To be safe, use only addresses of the form
"<tt>&lt;fulano@example.com&gt;</tt>" in the <tt>from</tt> and
<tt>rcpt</tt> arguments to the <tt>send</tt> function. In headers, e-mail
addresses can take whatever form you like. </p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Big note: There is a good deal of misconception with the use of the
destination address field headers, i.e., the '<tt>To</tt>', '<tt>Cc</tt>',
and, more importantly, the '<tt>Bcc</tt>' headers. Do <em>not</em> add a
@ -303,68 +303,69 @@ and, more importantly, the '<tt>Bcc</tt>' headers. Do <em>not</em> add a
exact opposite of what you expect.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Only recipients specified in the <tt>rcpt</tt> list will receive a copy of the
message. Each recipient of an SMTP mail message receives a copy of the
message body along with the headers, and nothing more. The headers
<em>are</em> part of the message and should be produced by the
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
<em>are</em> part of the message and should be produced by the
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
<tt>source</tt> function. The <tt>rcpt</tt> list is <em>not</em>
part of the message and will not be sent to anyone.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2822.txt">RFC 2822</a>
has two <em>important and short</em> sections, "3.6.3. Destination address
fields" and "5. Security considerations", explaining the proper
use of these headers. Here is a summary of what it says:
use of these headers. Here is a summary of what it says:
</p>
<ul>
<li> <tt>To</tt>: contains the address(es) of the primary recipient(s)
of the message;
of the message;</li>
<li> <tt>Cc</tt>: (where the "Cc" means "Carbon Copy" in the sense of
making a copy on a typewriter using carbon paper) contains the
addresses of others who are to receive the message, though the
content of the message may not be directed at them;
content of the message may not be directed at them;</li>
<li> <tt>Bcc</tt>: (where the "Bcc" means "Blind Carbon
Copy") contains addresses of recipients of the message whose addresses are not to be revealed to other recipients of the message.
</ul>
Copy") contains addresses of recipients of the message whose addresses are not
to be revealed to other recipients of the message.</li>
</ul>
<p class=note>
The LuaSocket <tt>send</tt> function does not care or interpret the
headers you send, but it gives you full control over what is sent and
<p class="note">
The LuaSocket <tt>send</tt> function does not care or interpret the
headers you send, but it gives you full control over what is sent and
to whom it is sent:
</p>
<ul>
<li> If someone is to receive the message, the e-mail address <em>has</em>
to be in the recipient list. This is the only parameter that controls who
gets a copy of the message;
<li> If there are multiple recipients, none of them will automatically
gets a copy of the message;</li>
<li> If there are multiple recipients, none of them will automatically
know that someone else got that message. That is, the default behavior is
similar to the <tt>Bcc</tt> field of popular e-mail clients;
similar to the <tt>Bcc</tt> field of popular e-mail clients;</li>
<li> It is up to you to add the <tt>To</tt> header with the list of primary
recipients so that other recipients can see it;
<li> It is also up to you to add the <tt>Cc</tt> header with the
list of additional recipients so that everyone else sees it;
<li> Adding a header <tt>Bcc</tt> is nonsense, unless it is
recipients so that other recipients can see it;</li>
<li> It is also up to you to add the <tt>Cc</tt> header with the
list of additional recipients so that everyone else sees it;</li>
<li> Adding a header <tt>Bcc</tt> is nonsense, unless it is
empty. Otherwise, everyone receiving the message will see it and that is
exactly what you <em>don't</em> want to happen!
exactly what you <em>don't</em> want to happen!</li>
</ul>
<p class=note>
I hope this clarifies the issue. Otherwise, please refer to
<p class="note">
I hope this clarifies the issue. Otherwise, please refer to
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2821.txt">RFC 2821</a>
and
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2822.txt">RFC 2822</a>.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- load the smtp support
local smtp = require("socket.smtp")
-- Connects to server "localhost" and sends a message to users
-- "fulano@example.com", "beltrano@example.com",
-- "fulano@example.com", "beltrano@example.com",
-- and "sicrano@example.com".
-- Note that "fulano" is the primary recipient, "beltrano" receives a
-- carbon copy and neither of them knows that "sicrano" received a blind
@ -388,17 +389,17 @@ mesgt = {
r, e = smtp.send{
from = from,
rcpt = rcpt,
rcpt = rcpt,
source = smtp.message(mesgt)
}
</pre>
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<center>
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@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta name="description" content="LuaSocket: The core namespace">
<meta name="keywords" content="Lua, LuaSocket, Socket, Network, Library, Support">
<meta name="keywords" content="Lua, LuaSocket, Socket, Network, Library, Support">
<title>LuaSocket: The socket namespace</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reference.css" type="text/css">
</head>
@ -13,22 +13,22 @@
<!-- header +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=header>
<div class="header">
<hr>
<center>
<table summary="LuaSocket logo">
<tr><td align=center><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width=128 height=128 border=0 alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
<tr><td align="center"><a href="https://www.lua.org">
<img width="128" height="128" border="0" alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=center valign=top>Network support for the Lua language
<tr><td align="center" valign="top">Network support for the Lua language
</td></tr>
</table>
<p class=bar>
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<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
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<hr>
@ -36,71 +36,71 @@
<!-- socket +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<h2 id=socket>The socket namespace</h2>
<h2 id="socket">The socket namespace</h2>
<p>
The <tt>socket</tt> namespace contains the core functionality of LuaSocket.
The <tt>socket</tt> namespace contains the core functionality of LuaSocket.
</p>
<p>
<p>
To obtain the <tt>socket</tt> namespace, run:
</p>
<pre class=example>
-- loads the socket module
<pre class="example">
-- loads the socket module
local socket = require("socket")
</pre>
<!-- headers.canonic ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="headers.canonic">
<p class="name" id="headers.canonic">
socket.headers.<b>canonic</b></p>
<p> The <tt>socket.headers.canonic</tt> table
is used by the HTTP and SMTP modules to translate from
lowercase field names back into their canonic
<p> The <tt>socket.headers.canonic</tt> table
is used by the HTTP and SMTP modules to translate from
lowercase field names back into their canonic
capitalization. When a lowercase field name exists as a key
in this table, the associated value is substituted in
whenever the field name is sent out.
</p>
<p>
<p>
You can obtain the <tt>headers</tt> namespace if case run-time
modifications are required by running:
</p>
<pre class=example>
-- loads the headers module
<pre class="example">
-- loads the headers module
local headers = require("headers")
</pre>
<!-- bind ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=bind>
<p class="name" id="bind">
socket.<b>bind(</b>address, port [, backlog]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
This function is a shortcut that creates and returns a TCP server object
bound to a local <tt>address</tt> and <tt>port</tt>, ready to
bound to a local <tt>address</tt> and <tt>port</tt>, ready to
accept client connections. Optionally,
user can also specify the <tt>backlog</tt> argument to the
<a href=tcp.html#listen><tt>listen</tt></a> method (defaults to 32).
user can also specify the <tt>backlog</tt> argument to the
<a href="tcp.html#listen"><tt>listen</tt></a> method (defaults to 32).
</p>
<p class=note>
Note: The server object returned will have the option "<tt>reuseaddr</tt>"
<p class="note">
Note: The server object returned will have the option "<tt>reuseaddr</tt>"
set to <tt><b>true</b></tt>.
</p>
<!-- connect ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=connect>
<p class="name" id="connect">
socket.<b>connect[46](</b>address, port [, locaddr] [, locport] [, family]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
This function is a shortcut that creates and returns a TCP client object
connected to a remote <tt>address</tt> at a given <tt>port</tt>. Optionally,
the user can also specify the local address and port to bind
@ -114,40 +114,40 @@ of connect are defined as simple helper functions that restrict the
<!-- debug ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=debug>
<p class="name" id="debug">
socket.<b>_DEBUG</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
This constant is set to <tt><b>true</b></tt> if the library was compiled
with debug support.
</p>
<!-- datagramsize +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=debug>
<p class="name" id="datagramsize">
socket.<b>_DATAGRAMSIZE</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Default datagram size used by calls to
<a href="udp.html#receive"<tt>receive</tt></a> and
<a href="udp.html#receive"><tt>receive</tt></a> and
<a href="udp.html#receivefrom"><tt>receivefrom</tt></a>.
(Unless changed in compile time, the value is 8192.)
</p>
<!-- get time +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=gettime>
<p class="name" id="gettime">
socket.<b>gettime()</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Returns the UNIX time in seconds. You should subtract the values returned by this function
to get meaningful values.
to get meaningful values.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
t = socket.gettime()
-- do stuff
print(socket.gettime() - t .. " seconds elapsed")
@ -155,38 +155,38 @@ print(socket.gettime() - t .. " seconds elapsed")
<!-- newtry +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=newtry>
<p class="name" id="newtry">
socket.<b>newtry(</b>finalizer<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Creates and returns a <em>clean</em>
<p class="description">
Creates and returns a <em>clean</em>
<a href="#try"><tt>try</tt></a>
function that allows for cleanup before the exception
is raised.
function that allows for cleanup before the exception
is raised.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Finalizer</tt> is a function that will be called before
<tt>try</tt> throws the exception.
</p>
<p class=return>
The function returns your customized <tt>try</tt> function.
<p class="return">
The function returns your customized <tt>try</tt> function.
</p>
<p class=note>
Note: This idea saved a <em>lot</em> of work with the
implementation of protocols in LuaSocket:
<p class="note">
Note: This idea saved a <em>lot</em> of work with the
implementation of protocols in LuaSocket:
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
foo = socket.protect(function()
-- connect somewhere
local c = socket.try(socket.connect("somewhere", 42))
-- create a try function that closes 'c' on error
local try = socket.newtry(function() c:close() end)
-- do everything reassured c will be closed
-- do everything reassured c will be closed
try(c:send("hello there?\r\n"))
local answer = try(c:receive())
...
@ -198,40 +198,40 @@ end)
<!-- protect +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=protect>
<p class="name" id="protect">
socket.<b>protect(</b>func<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Converts a function that throws exceptions into a safe function. This
function only catches exceptions thrown by the <a href=#try><tt>try</tt></a>
and <a href=#newtry><tt>newtry</tt></a> functions. It does not catch normal
function only catches exceptions thrown by the <a href="#try"><tt>try</tt></a>
and <a href="#newtry"><tt>newtry</tt></a> functions. It does not catch normal
Lua errors.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>Func</tt> is a function that calls
<a href=#try><tt>try</tt></a> (or <tt>assert</tt>, or <tt>error</tt>)
to throw exceptions.
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Func</tt> is a function that calls
<a href="#try"><tt>try</tt></a> (or <tt>assert</tt>, or <tt>error</tt>)
to throw exceptions.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
Returns an equivalent function that instead of throwing exceptions in case of
a failed <a href=#try><tt>try</tt></a> call, returns <tt><b>nil</b></tt>
a failed <a href="#try"><tt>try</tt></a> call, returns <tt><b>nil</b></tt>
followed by an error message.
</p>
<!-- select +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=select>
<p class="name" id="select">
socket.<b>select(</b>recvt, sendt [, timeout]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Waits for a number of sockets to change status.
<p class="description">
Waits for a number of sockets to change status.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Recvt</tt> is an array with the sockets to test for characters
available for reading. Sockets in the <tt>sendt</tt> array are watched to
see if it is OK to immediately write on them. <tt>Timeout</tt> is the
@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ be empty tables or <tt><b>nil</b></tt>. Non-socket values (or values with
non-numeric indices) in the arrays will be silently ignored.
</p>
<p class=return> The function returns a list with the sockets ready for
<p class="return"> The function returns a list with the sockets ready for
reading, a list with the sockets ready for writing and an error message.
The error message is "<tt>timeout</tt>" if a timeout
condition was met, "<tt>select failed</tt>" if the call
@ -250,10 +250,10 @@ to <tt>select</tt> failed, and
<tt><b>nil</b></tt> otherwise. The returned tables are
doubly keyed both by integers and also by the sockets
themselves, to simplify the test if a specific socket has
changed status.
changed status.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
<b>Note:</b> <tt>select</tt> can monitor a limited number
of sockets, as defined by the constant <tt>socket._SETSIZE</tt>. This
number may be as high as 1024 or as low as 64 by default,
@ -262,204 +262,204 @@ at compile time. Invoking <tt>select</tt> with a larger
number of sockets will raise an error.
</p>
<p class=note>
<b>Important note</b>: a known bug in WinSock causes <tt>select</tt> to fail
<p class="note">
<b>Important note</b>: a known bug in WinSock causes <tt>select</tt> to fail
on non-blocking TCP sockets. The function may return a socket as
writable even though the socket is <em>not</em> ready for sending.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
<b>Another important note</b>: calling select with a server socket in the receive parameter before a call to accept does <em>not</em> guarantee
<a href=tcp.html#accept><tt>accept</tt></a> will return immediately.
Use the <a href=tcp.html#settimeout><tt>settimeout</tt></a>
method or <tt>accept</tt> might block forever.
<a href="tcp.html#accept"><tt>accept</tt></a> will return immediately.
Use the <a href="tcp.html#settimeout"><tt>settimeout</tt></a>
method or <tt>accept</tt> might block forever.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
<b>Yet another note</b>: If you close a socket and pass
it to <tt>select</tt>, it will be ignored.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
<b>Using select with non-socket objects</b>: Any object that implements <tt>getfd</tt> and <tt>dirty</tt> can be used with <tt>select</tt>, allowing objects from other libraries to be used within a <tt>socket.select</tt> driven loop.
</p>
<!-- setsize ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=setsize>
<p class="name" id="setsize">
socket.<b>_SETSIZE</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
The maximum number of sockets that the <a
href=#select><tt>select</tt></a> function can handle.
href="#select"><tt>select</tt></a> function can handle.
</p>
<!-- sink ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=sink>
<p class="name" id="sink">
socket.<b>sink(</b>mode, socket<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Creates an
<p class="description">
Creates an
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
sink from a stream socket object.
sink from a stream socket object.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Mode</tt> defines the behavior of the sink. The following
options are available:
</p>
<ul>
<li> <tt>"http-chunked"</tt>: sends data through socket after applying the
<em>chunked transfer coding</em>, closing the socket when done;
<em>chunked transfer coding</em>, closing the socket when done;</li>
<li> <tt>"close-when-done"</tt>: sends all received data through the
socket, closing the socket when done;
socket, closing the socket when done;</li>
<li> <tt>"keep-open"</tt>: sends all received data through the
socket, leaving it open when done.
socket, leaving it open when done.</li>
</ul>
<p>
<tt>Socket</tt> is the stream socket object used to send the data.
<tt>Socket</tt> is the stream socket object used to send the data.
</p>
<p class=return>
The function returns a sink with the appropriate behavior.
<p class="return">
The function returns a sink with the appropriate behavior.
</p>
<!-- skip ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=skip>
<p class="name" id="skip">
socket.<b>skip(</b>d [, ret<sub>1</sub>, ret<sub>2</sub> ... ret<sub>N</sub>]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Drops a number of arguments and returns the remaining.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>D</tt> is the number of arguments to drop. <tt>Ret<sub>1</sub></tt> to
<tt>ret<sub>N</sub></tt> are the arguments.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The function returns <tt>ret<sub>d+1</sub></tt> to <tt>ret<sub>N</sub></tt>.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: This function is useful to avoid creation of dummy variables:
</p>
<pre class=example>
-- get the status code and separator from SMTP server reply
<pre class="example">
-- get the status code and separator from SMTP server reply
local code, sep = socket.skip(2, string.find(line, "^(%d%d%d)(.?)"))
</pre>
<!-- sleep ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=sleep>
<p class="name" id="sleep">
socket.<b>sleep(</b>time<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Freezes the program execution during a given amount of time.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Time</tt> is the number of seconds to sleep for. If
<tt>time</tt> is negative, the function returns immediately.
</p>
<!-- source +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=source>
<p class="name" id="source">
socket.<b>source(</b>mode, socket [, length]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Creates an
<p class="description">
Creates an
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN12</a>
source from a stream socket object.
source from a stream socket object.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Mode</tt> defines the behavior of the source. The following
options are available:
</p>
<ul>
<li> <tt>"http-chunked"</tt>: receives data from socket and removes the
<em>chunked transfer coding</em> before returning the data;
<em>chunked transfer coding</em> before returning the data;</li>
<li> <tt>"by-length"</tt>: receives a fixed number of bytes from the
socket. This mode requires the extra argument <tt>length</tt>;
socket. This mode requires the extra argument <tt>length</tt>;</li>
<li> <tt>"until-closed"</tt>: receives data from a socket until the other
side closes the connection.
side closes the connection.</li>
</ul>
<p>
<tt>Socket</tt> is the stream socket object used to receive the data.
<tt>Socket</tt> is the stream socket object used to receive the data.
</p>
<p class=return>
The function returns a source with the appropriate behavior.
<p class="return">
The function returns a source with the appropriate behavior.
</p>
<!-- socketinvalid ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=socketinvalid>
<p class="name" id="socketinvalid">
socket.<b>_SOCKETINVALID</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
The OS value for an invalid socket.
</p>
<!-- try ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=try>
<p class="name" id="try">
socket.<b>try(</b>ret<sub>1</sub> [, ret<sub>2</sub> ... ret<sub>N</sub>]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Throws an exception in case <tt>ret<sub>1</sub></tt> is falsy, using
<tt>ret<sub>2</sub></tt> as the error message. The exception is supposed to be caught
by a <a href=#protect><tt>protect</tt></a>ed function only.
<tt>ret<sub>2</sub></tt> as the error message. The exception is supposed to be caught
by a <a href="#protect"><tt>protect</tt></a>ed function only.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Ret<sub>1</sub></tt> to <tt>ret<sub>N</sub></tt> can be arbitrary
arguments, but are usually the return values of a function call
nested with <tt>try</tt>.
arguments, but are usually the return values of a function call
nested with <tt>try</tt>.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The function returns <tt>ret</tt><sub>1</sub> to <tt>ret</tt><sub>N</sub> if
<tt>ret</tt><sub>1</sub> is not <tt><b>nil</b></tt> or <tt><b>false</b></tt>.
Otherwise, it calls <tt>error</tt> passing <tt>ret</tt><sub>2</sub> wrapped
in a table with metatable used by <a href=#protect><tt>protect</tt></a> to
in a table with metatable used by <a href="#protect"><tt>protect</tt></a> to
distinguish exceptions from runtime errors.
</p>
<pre class=example>
<pre class="example">
-- connects or throws an exception with the appropriate error message
c = socket.try(socket.connect("localhost", 80))
</pre>
<!-- version ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=version>
<p class="name" id="version">
socket.<b>_VERSION</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
This constant has a string describing the current LuaSocket version.
<p class="description">
This constant has a string describing the current LuaSocket version.
</p>
<!-- footer +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=footer>
<div class="footer">
<hr>
<center>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#down">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;

325
doc/tcp.html
View File

@ -13,17 +13,17 @@
<!-- header +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=header>
<div class="header">
<hr>
<center>
<table summary="LuaSocket logo">
<tr><td align=center><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width=128 height=128 border=0 alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
<tr><td align="center"><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width="128" height="128" border="0" alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=center valign=top>Network support for the Lua language
<tr><td align="center" valign="top">Network support for the Lua language
</td></tr>
</table>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#download">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;
@ -40,42 +40,43 @@
<!-- accept +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="accept">
<p class="name" id="accept">
server:<b>accept()</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Waits for a remote connection on the server
object and returns a client object representing that connection.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
If a connection is successfully initiated, a client object is returned.
If a timeout condition is met, the method returns <b><tt>nil</tt></b>
followed by the error string '<tt>timeout</tt>'. Other errors are
reported by <b><tt>nil</tt></b> followed by a message describing the error.
</p>
<p class=note>
Note: calling <a href=socket.html#select><tt>socket.select</tt></a>
<p class="note">
Note: calling <a href="socket.html#select"><tt>socket.select</tt></a>
with a server object in
the <tt>recvt</tt> parameter before a call to <tt>accept</tt> does
<em>not</em> guarantee <tt>accept</tt> will return immediately. Use the <a
href=#settimeout><tt>settimeout</tt></a> method or <tt>accept</tt>
href="#settimeout"><tt>settimeout</tt></a> method or <tt>accept</tt>
might block until <em>another</em> client shows up.
</p>
<!-- bind +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="bind">
<p class="name" id="bind">
master:<b>bind(</b>address, port<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Binds a master object to <tt>address</tt> and <tt>port</tt> on the
local host.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Address</tt> can be an IP address or a host name.
<tt>Port</tt> must be an integer number in the range [0..64K).
If <tt>address</tt>
@ -86,25 +87,25 @@ If <tt>port</tt> is 0, the system automatically
chooses an ephemeral port.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
In case of success, the method returns 1. In case of error, the
method returns <b><tt>nil</tt></b> followed by an error message.
</p>
<p class=note>
Note: The function <a href=socket.html#bind><tt>socket.bind</tt></a>
<p class="note">
Note: The function <a href="socket.html#bind"><tt>socket.bind</tt></a>
is available and is a shortcut for the creation of server sockets.
</p>
<!-- close ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="close">
<p class="name" id="close">
master:<b>close()</b><br>
client:<b>close()</b><br>
server:<b>close()</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Closes a TCP object. The internal socket used by the object is closed
and the local address to which the object was
bound is made available to other applications. No further operations
@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ bound is made available to other applications. No further operations
a closed socket.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: It is important to close all used sockets once they are not
needed, since, in many systems, each socket uses a file descriptor,
which are limited system resources. Garbage-collected objects are
@ -121,53 +122,53 @@ automatically closed before destruction, though.
<!-- connect ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="connect">
<p class="name" id="connect">
master:<b>connect(</b>address, port<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Attempts to connect a master object to a remote host, transforming it into a
client object.
Client objects support methods
<a href=#send><tt>send</tt></a>,
<a href=#receive><tt>receive</tt></a>,
<a href=#getsockname><tt>getsockname</tt></a>,
<a href=#getpeername><tt>getpeername</tt></a>,
<a href=#settimeout><tt>settimeout</tt></a>,
and <a href=#close><tt>close</tt></a>.
<a href="#send"><tt>send</tt></a>,
<a href="#receive"><tt>receive</tt></a>,
<a href="#getsockname"><tt>getsockname</tt></a>,
<a href="#getpeername"><tt>getpeername</tt></a>,
<a href="#settimeout"><tt>settimeout</tt></a>,
and <a href="#close"><tt>close</tt></a>.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Address</tt> can be an IP address or a host name.
<tt>Port</tt> must be an integer number in the range [1..64K).
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
In case of error, the method returns <b><tt>nil</tt></b> followed by a string
describing the error. In case of success, the method returns 1.
</p>
<p class=note>
Note: The function <a href=socket.html#connect><tt>socket.connect</tt></a>
<p class="note">
Note: The function <a href="socket.html#connect"><tt>socket.connect</tt></a>
is available and is a shortcut for the creation of client sockets.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: Starting with LuaSocket 2.0,
the <a href=#settimeout><tt>settimeout</tt></a>
the <a href="#settimeout"><tt>settimeout</tt></a>
method affects the behavior of <tt>connect</tt>, causing it to return
with an error in case of a timeout. If that happens, you can still call <a
href=socket.html#select><tt>socket.select</tt></a> with the socket in the
href="socket.html#select"><tt>socket.select</tt></a> with the socket in the
<tt>sendt</tt> table. The socket will be writable when the connection is
established.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: Starting with LuaSocket 3.0, the host name resolution
depends on whether the socket was created by
<a href=#socket.tcp><tt>socket.tcp</tt></a>,
<a href=#socket.tcp4><tt>socket.tcp4</tt></a> or
<a href=#socket.tcp6><tt>socket.tcp6</tt></a>. Addresses from
<a href="#socket.tcp"><tt>socket.tcp</tt></a>,
<a href="#socket.tcp4"><tt>socket.tcp4</tt></a> or
<a href="#socket.tcp6"><tt>socket.tcp6</tt></a>. Addresses from
the appropriate family (or both) are tried in the order
returned by the resolver until the
first success or until the last failure. If the timeout was
@ -176,42 +177,42 @@ set to zero, only the first address is tried.
<!-- dirty +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="dirty">
<p class="name" id="dirty">
master:<b>dirty()</b><br>
client:<b>dirty()</b><br>
server:<b>dirty()</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Check the read buffer status.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
Returns <tt>true</tt> if there is any data in the read buffer, <tt>false</tt> otherwise.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: <b>This is an internal method, use at your own risk.</b>
</p>
<!-- getfd +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="getfd">
<p class="name" id="getfd">
master:<b>getfd()</b><br>
client:<b>getfd()</b><br>
server:<b>getfd()</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Returns the underling socket descriptor or handle associated to the object.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The descriptor or handle. In case the object has been closed, the return will be -1.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: <b>This is an internal method. Unlikely to be
portable. Use at your own risk. </b>
</p>
@ -219,28 +220,27 @@ portable. Use at your own risk. </b>
<!-- getoption ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="getoption">
client:<b>getoption(</b>option)</b><br>
server:<b>getoption(</b>option)</b>
<p class="name" id="getoption">
client:<b>getoption(option)</b><br>
server:<b>getoption(option)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Gets options for the TCP object.
See <a href=#setoption><tt>setoption</tt></a> for description of the
See <a href="#setoption"><tt>setoption</tt></a> for description of the
option names and values.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>Option</tt> is a string with the option name.
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Option</tt> is a string with the option name.</p>
<ul>
<li> '<tt>keepalive</tt>'
<li> '<tt>linger</tt>'
<li> '<tt>reuseaddr</tt>'
<li> '<tt>tcp-nodelay</tt>'
<li> '<tt>keepalive</tt>'</li>
<li> '<tt>linger</tt>'</li>
<li> '<tt>reuseaddr</tt>'</li>
<li> '<tt>tcp-nodelay</tt>'</li>
</ul>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The method returns the option <tt>value</tt> in case of success, or
<b><tt>nil</tt></b> followed by an error message otherwise.
</p>
@ -248,38 +248,38 @@ The method returns the option <tt>value</tt> in case of success, or
<!-- getpeername ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="getpeername">
<p class="name" id="getpeername">
client:<b>getpeername()</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Returns information about the remote side of a connected client object.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
Returns a string with the IP address of the peer, the
port number that peer is using for the connection,
and a string with the family ("<tt>inet</tt>" or "<tt>inet6</tt>").
In case of error, the method returns <b><tt>nil</tt></b>.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: It makes no sense to call this method on server objects.
</p>
<!-- getsockname ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="getsockname">
<p class="name" id="getsockname">
master:<b>getsockname()</b><br>
client:<b>getsockname()</b><br>
server:<b>getsockname()</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Returns the local address information associated to the object.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The method returns a string with local IP address, a number with
the local port,
and a string with the family ("<tt>inet</tt>" or "<tt>inet6</tt>").
@ -288,31 +288,31 @@ In case of error, the method returns <b><tt>nil</tt></b>.
<!-- getstats +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="getstats">
<p class="name" id="getstats">
master:<b>getstats()</b><br>
client:<b>getstats()</b><br>
server:<b>getstats()</b><br>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Returns accounting information on the socket, useful for throttling
of bandwidth.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The method returns the number of bytes received, the number of bytes sent,
and the age of the socket object in seconds.
</p>
<!-- gettimeout +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="gettimeout">
<p class="name" id="gettimeout">
master:<b>gettimeout()</b><br>
client:<b>gettimeout()</b><br>
server:<b>gettimeout()</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Returns the current block timeout followed by the curent
total timeout.
</p>
@ -320,65 +320,65 @@ total timeout.
<!-- listen ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="listen">
<p class="name" id="listen">
master:<b>listen(</b>backlog<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Specifies the socket is willing to receive connections, transforming the
object into a server object. Server objects support the
<a href=#accept><tt>accept</tt></a>,
<a href=#getsockname><tt>getsockname</tt></a>,
<a href=#setoption><tt>setoption</tt></a>,
<a href=#settimeout><tt>settimeout</tt></a>,
and <a href=#close><tt>close</tt></a> methods.
<a href="#accept"><tt>accept</tt></a>,
<a href="#getsockname"><tt>getsockname</tt></a>,
<a href="#setoption"><tt>setoption</tt></a>,
<a href="#settimeout"><tt>settimeout</tt></a>,
and <a href="#close"><tt>close</tt></a> methods.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
The parameter <tt>backlog</tt> specifies the number of client
connections that can
be queued waiting for service. If the queue is full and another client
attempts connection, the connection is refused.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
In case of success, the method returns 1. In case of error, the
method returns <b><tt>nil</tt></b> followed by an error message.
</p>
<!-- receive ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="receive">
<p class="name" id="receive">
client:<b>receive(</b>[pattern [, prefix]]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Reads data from a client object, according to the specified <em>read
pattern</em>. Patterns follow the Lua file I/O format, and the difference in performance between all patterns is negligible.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Pattern</tt> can be any of the following:
</p>
<ul>
<li> '<tt>*a</tt>': reads from the socket until the connection is
closed. No end-of-line translation is performed;
closed. No end-of-line translation is performed;</li>
<li> '<tt>*l</tt>': reads a line of text from the socket. The line is
terminated by a LF character (ASCII&nbsp;10), optionally preceded by a
CR character (ASCII&nbsp;13). The CR and LF characters are not included in
the returned line. In fact, <em>all</em> CR characters are
ignored by the pattern. This is the default pattern;
ignored by the pattern. This is the default pattern;</li>
<li> <tt>number</tt>: causes the method to read a specified <tt>number</tt>
of bytes from the socket.
of bytes from the socket.</li>
</ul>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Prefix</tt> is an optional string to be concatenated to the beginning
of any received data before return.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
If successful, the method returns the received pattern. In case of error,
the method returns <tt><b>nil</b></tt> followed by an error
message, followed by a (possibly empty) string containing
@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ closed before the transmission was completed or the string
'<tt>timeout</tt>' in case there was a timeout during the operation.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
<b>Important note</b>: This function was changed <em>severely</em>. It used
to support multiple patterns (but I have never seen this feature used) and
now it doesn't anymore. Partial results used to be returned in the same
@ -399,22 +399,22 @@ too.
<!-- send +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="send">
<p class="name" id="send">
client:<b>send(</b>data [, i [, j]]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Sends <tt>data</tt> through client object.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Data</tt> is the string to be sent. The optional arguments
<tt>i</tt> and <tt>j</tt> work exactly like the standard
<tt>string.sub</tt> Lua function to allow the selection of a
substring to be sent.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
If successful, the method returns the index of the last byte
within <tt>[i, j]</tt> that has been sent. Notice that, if
<tt>i</tt> is 1 or absent, this is effectively the total
@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ was completed or the string '<tt>timeout</tt>' in case
there was a timeout during the operation.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: Output is <em>not</em> buffered. For small strings,
it is always better to concatenate them in Lua
(with the '<tt>..</tt>' operator) and send the result in one call
@ -437,27 +437,27 @@ instead of calling the method several times.
<!-- setoption ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="setoption">
<p class="name" id="setoption">
client:<b>setoption(</b>option [, value]<b>)</b><br>
server:<b>setoption(</b>option [, value]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Sets options for the TCP object. Options are only needed by low-level or
time-critical applications. You should only modify an option if you
are sure you need it.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Option</tt> is a string with the option name, and <tt>value</tt>
depends on the option being set:
depends on the option being set:</p>
<ul>
<li> '<tt>keepalive</tt>': Setting this option to <tt>true</tt> enables
the periodic transmission of messages on a connected socket. Should the
connected party fail to respond to these messages, the connection is
considered broken and processes using the socket are notified;
considered broken and processes using the socket are notified;</li>
<li> '<tt>linger</tt>': Controls the action taken when unsent data are
queued on a socket and a close is performed. The value is a table with a
@ -468,79 +468,79 @@ it is able to transmit the data or until '<tt>timeout</tt>' has passed. If
'<tt>on</tt>' is <tt>false</tt> and a close is issued, the system will
process the close in a manner that allows the process to continue as
quickly as possible. I do not advise you to set this to anything other than
zero;
zero;</li>
<li> '<tt>reuseaddr</tt>': Setting this option indicates that the rules
used in validating addresses supplied in a call to
<a href=#bind><tt>bind</tt></a> should allow reuse of local addresses;
<a href="#bind"><tt>bind</tt></a> should allow reuse of local addresses;</li>
<li> '<tt>tcp-nodelay</tt>': Setting this option to <tt>true</tt>
disables the Nagle's algorithm for the connection;
disables the Nagle's algorithm for the connection;</li>
<li> '<tt>tcp-keepidle</tt>': value in seconds for <tt>TCP_KEEPIDLE</tt> Linux only!!
<li> '<tt>tcp-keepidle</tt>': value in seconds for <tt>TCP_KEEPIDLE</tt> Linux only!!</li>
<li> '<tt>tcp-keepcnt</tt>': value for <tt>TCP_KEEPCNT</tt> Linux only!!
<li> '<tt>tcp-keepcnt</tt>': value for <tt>TCP_KEEPCNT</tt> Linux only!!</li>
<li> '<tt>tcp-keepintvl</tt>': value for <tt>TCP_KEEPINTVL</tt> Linux only!!
<li> '<tt>tcp-keepintvl</tt>': value for <tt>TCP_KEEPINTVL</tt> Linux only!!</li>
<li> '<tt>ipv6-v6only</tt>':
Setting this option to <tt>true</tt> restricts an <tt>inet6</tt> socket to
sending and receiving only IPv6 packets.
sending and receiving only IPv6 packets.</li>
</ul>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The method returns 1 in case of success, or <b><tt>nil</tt></b>
followed by an error message otherwise.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: The descriptions above come from the man pages.
</p>
<!-- setstats +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="setstats">
<p class="name" id="setstats">
master:<b>setstats(</b>received, sent, age<b>)</b><br>
client:<b>setstats(</b>received, sent, age<b>)</b><br>
server:<b>setstats(</b>received, sent, age<b>)</b><br>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Resets accounting information on the socket, useful for throttling
of bandwidth.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
<tt>Received</tt> is a number with the new number of bytes received.
<tt>Sent</tt> is a number with the new number of bytes sent.
<tt>Age</tt> is the new age in seconds.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The method returns 1 in case of success and <tt><b>nil</b></tt> otherwise.
</p>
<!-- settimeout +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="settimeout">
<p class="name" id="settimeout">
master:<b>settimeout(</b>value [, mode]<b>)</b><br>
client:<b>settimeout(</b>value [, mode]<b>)</b><br>
server:<b>settimeout(</b>value [, mode]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Changes the timeout values for the object. By default,
all I/O operations are blocking. That is, any call to the methods
<a href=#send><tt>send</tt></a>,
<a href=#receive><tt>receive</tt></a>, and
<a href=#accept><tt>accept</tt></a>
<a href="#send"><tt>send</tt></a>,
<a href="#receive"><tt>receive</tt></a>, and
<a href="#accept"><tt>accept</tt></a>
will block indefinitely, until the operation completes. The
<tt>settimeout</tt> method defines a limit on the amount of time the
I/O methods can block. When a timeout is set and the specified amount of
time has elapsed, the affected methods give up and fail with an error code.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
The amount of time to wait is specified as the
<tt>value</tt> parameter, in seconds. There are two timeout modes and
both can be used together for fine tuning:
@ -557,12 +557,12 @@ the amount of time LuaSocket can block a Lua script before returning from
a call.</li>
</ul>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
The <b><tt>nil</tt></b> timeout <tt>value</tt> allows operations to block
indefinitely. Negative timeout values have the same effect.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: although timeout values have millisecond precision in LuaSocket,
large blocks can cause I/O functions not to respect timeout values due
to the time the library takes to transfer blocks to and from the OS
@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ and perform automatic name resolution might be blocked by the resolver for
longer than the specified timeout value.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: The old <tt>timeout</tt> method is deprecated. The name has been
changed for sake of uniformity, since all other method names already
contained verbs making their imperative nature obvious.
@ -579,123 +579,124 @@ contained verbs making their imperative nature obvious.
<!-- shutdown +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="shutdown">
<p class="name" id="shutdown">
client:<b>shutdown(</b>mode<b>)</b><br>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Shuts down part of a full-duplex connection.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<p class="parameters">
Mode tells which way of the connection should be shut down and can
take the value:
<ul>
<li>"<tt>both</tt>": disallow further sends and receives on the object.
This is the default mode;
<li>"<tt>send</tt>": disallow further sends on the object;
<li>"<tt>receive</tt>": disallow further receives on the object.
This is the default mode;</li>
<li>"<tt>send</tt>": disallow further sends on the object;</li>
<li>"<tt>receive</tt>": disallow further receives on the object.</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
This function returns 1.
</p>
<!-- setfd +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="setfd">
<p class="name" id="setfd">
master:<b>setfd(</b>fd<b>)</b><br>
client:<b>setfd(</b>fd<b>)</b><br>
server:<b>setfd(</b>fd<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Sets the underling socket descriptor or handle associated to the object. The current one is simply replaced, not closed, and no other change to the object state is made.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
No return value.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: <b>This is an internal method. Unlikely to be
portable. Use at your own risk. </b>
</p>
<!-- socket.tcp +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="socket.tcp">
<p class="name" id="socket.tcp">
socket.<b>tcp()</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Creates and returns an TCP master object. A master object can
be transformed into a server object with the method
<a href=#listen><tt>listen</tt></a> (after a call to <a
href=#bind><tt>bind</tt></a>) or into a client object with
the method <a href=#connect><tt>connect</tt></a>. The only other
<a href="#listen"><tt>listen</tt></a> (after a call to <a
href="#bind"><tt>bind</tt></a>) or into a client object with
the method <a href="#connect"><tt>connect</tt></a>. The only other
method supported by a master object is the
<a href=#close><tt>close</tt></a> method.</p>
<a href="#close"><tt>close</tt></a> method.</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
In case of success, a new master object is returned. In case of error,
<b><tt>nil</tt></b> is returned, followed by an error message.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: The choice between IPv4 and IPv6 happens during a call to
<a href=#bind><tt>bind</tt></a> or <a
href=#bind><tt>connect</tt></a>, depending on the address
<a href="#bind"><tt>bind</tt></a> or <a
href="#bind"><tt>connect</tt></a>, depending on the address
family obtained from the resolver.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: Before the choice between IPv4 and IPv6 happens,
the internal socket object is invalid and therefore <a
href=#setoption><tt>setoption</tt></a> will fail.
href="#setoption"><tt>setoption</tt></a> will fail.
</p>
<!-- socket.tcp +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="socket.tcp4">
<p class="name" id="socket.tcp4">
socket.<b>tcp4()</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Creates and returns an IPv4 TCP master object. A master object can
be transformed into a server object with the method
<a href=#listen><tt>listen</tt></a> (after a call to <a
href=#bind><tt>bind</tt></a>) or into a client object with
the method <a href=#connect><tt>connect</tt></a>. The only other
<a href="#listen"><tt>listen</tt></a> (after a call to <a
href="#bind"><tt>bind</tt></a>) or into a client object with
the method <a href="#connect"><tt>connect</tt></a>. The only other
method supported by a master object is the
<a href=#close><tt>close</tt></a> method.</p>
<a href="#close"><tt>close</tt></a> method.</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
In case of success, a new master object is returned. In case of error,
<b><tt>nil</tt></b> is returned, followed by an error message.
</p>
<!-- socket.tcp6 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="socket.tcp6">
<p class="name" id="socket.tcp6">
socket.<b>tcp6()</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Creates and returns an IPv6 TCP master object. A master object can
be transformed into a server object with the method
<a href=#listen><tt>listen</tt></a> (after a call to <a
href=#bind><tt>bind</tt></a>) or into a client object with
the method <a href=#connect><tt>connect</tt></a>. The only other
<a href="#listen"><tt>listen</tt></a> (after a call to <a
href="#bind"><tt>bind</tt></a>) or into a client object with
the method <a href="#connect"><tt>connect</tt></a>. The only other
method supported by a master object is the
<a href=#close><tt>close</tt></a> method.</p>
<a href="#close"><tt>close</tt></a> method.</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
In case of success, a new master object is returned. In case of error,
<b><tt>nil</tt></b> is returned, followed by an error message.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: The TCP object returned will have the option
"<tt>ipv6-v6only</tt>" set to <tt><b>true</b></tt>.
</p>
@ -704,10 +705,10 @@ Note: The TCP object returned will have the option
<!-- footer +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=footer>
<div class="footer">
<hr>
<center>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#down">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;

94
doc/udp.html
View File

@ -13,17 +13,17 @@
<!-- header ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=header>
<div class="header">
<hr>
<center>
<table summary="LuaSocket logo">
<tr><td align=center><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width=128 height=128 border=0 alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
<tr><td align="center"><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img width="128" height="128" border="0" alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=center valign=top>Network support for the Lua language
<tr><td align="center" valign="top">Network support for the Lua language
</td></tr>
</table>
<p class=bar>
<p class="bar">
<a href="index.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="index.html#download">download</a> &middot;
<a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;
@ -71,26 +71,26 @@ unconnected:<b>getoption()</b>
<p class="description">
Gets an option value from the UDP object.
See <a href=#setoption><tt>setoption</tt></a> for
See <a href="#setoption"><tt>setoption</tt></a> for
description of the option names and values.
</p>
<p class="parameters"><tt>Option</tt> is a string with the option name.
<ul>
<li> '<tt>dontroute</tt>'
<li> '<tt>broadcast</tt>'
<li> '<tt>reuseaddr</tt>'
<li> '<tt>reuseport</tt>'
<li> '<tt>ip-multicast-loop</tt>'
<li> '<tt>ipv6-v6only</tt>'
<li> '<tt>ip-multicast-if</tt>'
<li> '<tt>ip-multicast-ttl</tt>'
<li> '<tt>ip-add-membership</tt>'
<li> '<tt>ip-drop-membership</tt>'
<li> '<tt>dontroute</tt>'</li>
<li> '<tt>broadcast</tt>'</li>
<li> '<tt>reuseaddr</tt>'</li>
<li> '<tt>reuseport</tt>'</li>
<li> '<tt>ip-multicast-loop</tt>'</li>
<li> '<tt>ipv6-v6only</tt>'</li>
<li> '<tt>ip-multicast-if</tt>'</li>
<li> '<tt>ip-multicast-ttl</tt>'</li>
<li> '<tt>ip-add-membership</tt>'</li>
<li> '<tt>ip-drop-membership</tt>'</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The method returns the option <tt>value</tt> in case of
success, or
<b><tt>nil</tt></b> followed by an error message otherwise.
@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ associated with a connected UDP object.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
Returns a string with the IP address of the peer, the
port number that peer is using for the connection,
and a string with the family ("<tt>inet</tt>" or "<tt>inet6</tt>").
@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ Returns the local address information associated to the object.
</p>
<p class=return>
<p class="return">
The method returns a string with local IP address, a number with
the local port,
and a string with the family ("<tt>inet</tt>" or "<tt>inet6</tt>").
@ -148,12 +148,12 @@ wild-card address).
<!-- gettimeout +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id="gettimeout">
<p class="name" id="gettimeout">
connected:<b>settimeout(</b>value<b>)</b><br>
unconnected:<b>settimeout(</b>value<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
<p class="description">
Returns the current timeout value.
</p>
@ -180,8 +180,8 @@ the excess bytes are discarded. If there are less then
<tt>size</tt> bytes available in the current datagram, the
available bytes are returned.
If <tt>size</tt> is omitted, the
compile-time constant <a
href=socket.html#datagramsize><tt>socket._DATAGRAMSIZE</tt></a> is used
compile-time constant <a href="socket.html#datagramsize">
<tt>socket._DATAGRAMSIZE</tt></a> is used
(it defaults to 8192 bytes). Larger sizes will cause a
temporary buffer to be allocated for the operation.
</p>
@ -286,45 +286,45 @@ name, and <tt>value</tt> depends on the option being set:
<ul>
<li> '<tt>dontroute</tt>': Indicates that outgoing
messages should bypass the standard routing facilities.
Receives a boolean value;
Receives a boolean value;</li>
<li> '<tt>broadcast</tt>': Requests permission to send
broadcast datagrams on the socket.
Receives a boolean value;
Receives a boolean value;</li>
<li> '<tt>reuseaddr</tt>': Indicates that the rules used in
validating addresses supplied in a <tt>bind()</tt> call
should allow reuse of local addresses.
Receives a boolean value;
Receives a boolean value;</li>
<li> '<tt>reuseport</tt>': Allows completely duplicate
bindings by multiple processes if they all set
'<tt>reuseport</tt>' before binding the port.
Receives a boolean value;
Receives a boolean value;</li>
<li> '<tt>ip-multicast-loop</tt>':
Specifies whether or not a copy of an outgoing multicast
datagram is delivered to the sending host as long as it is a
member of the multicast group.
Receives a boolean value;
Receives a boolean value;</li>
<li> '<tt>ipv6-v6only</tt>':
Specifies whether to restrict <tt>inet6</tt> sockets to
sending and receiving only IPv6 packets.
Receive a boolean value;
Receive a boolean value;</li>
<li> '<tt>ip-multicast-if</tt>':
Sets the interface over which outgoing multicast datagrams
are sent.
Receives an IP address;
Receives an IP address;</li>
<li> '<tt>ip-multicast-ttl</tt>':
Sets the Time To Live in the IP header for outgoing
multicast datagrams.
Receives a number;
Receives a number;</li>
<li> '<tt>ip-add-membership</tt>':
Joins the multicast group specified.
Receives a table with fields
<tt>multiaddr</tt> and <tt>interface</tt>, each containing an
IP address;
IP address;</li>
<li> '<tt>ip-drop-membership</tt>': Leaves the multicast
group specified.
Receives a table with fields
<tt>multiaddr</tt> and <tt>interface</tt>, each containing an
IP address.
IP address.</li>
</ul>
<p class="return">
@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ The method returns 1 in case of success, or
<b><tt>nil</tt></b> followed by an error message otherwise.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: The descriptions above come from the man pages.
</p>
@ -381,11 +381,11 @@ is recommended when the same peer is used for several transmissions
and can result in up to 30% performance gains.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: Starting with LuaSocket 3.0, the host name resolution
depends on whether the socket was created by <a
href=#socket.udp><tt>socket.udp</tt></a> or <a
href=#socket.udp6><tt>socket.udp6</tt></a>. Addresses from
href="#socket.udp"><tt>socket.udp</tt></a> or <a
href="#socket.udp6"><tt>socket.udp6</tt></a>. Addresses from
the appropriate family are tried in succession until the
first success or until the last failure.
</p>
@ -492,23 +492,23 @@ returned. In case of error, <b><tt>nil</tt></b> is returned, followed by
an error message.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: The choice between IPv4 and IPv6 happens during a call to
<a href=#sendto><tt>sendto</tt></a>, <a
href=#setpeername><tt>setpeername</tt></a>, or <a
href=#setsockname><tt>sockname</tt></a>, depending on the address
<a href="#sendto"><tt>sendto</tt></a>, <a
href="#setpeername"><tt>setpeername</tt></a>, or <a
href="#setsockname"><tt>sockname</tt></a>, depending on the address
family obtained from the resolver.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: Before the choice between IPv4 and IPv6 happens,
the internal socket object is invalid and therefore <a
href=#setoption><tt>setoption</tt></a> will fail.
href="#setoption"><tt>setoption</tt></a> will fail.
</p>
<!-- socket.udp4 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class="name" id="socket.udp">
<p class="name" id="socket.udp4">
socket.<b>udp4()</b>
</p>
@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ returned. In case of error, <b><tt>nil</tt></b> is returned, followed by
an error message.
</p>
<p class=note>
<p class="note">
Note: The TCP object returned will have the option
"<tt>ipv6-v6only</tt>" set to <tt><b>true</b></tt>.
</p>
@ -573,10 +573,10 @@ Note: The TCP object returned will have the option
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