mirror of
https://github.com/lunarmodules/luasocket.git
synced 2024-12-25 12:08:21 +01:00
cleanup; delete the ./gem folder
This commit is contained in:
Thijs Schreijer
parent
0fc0122df8
commit
7187be8b76
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
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local CRLF = "\013\010"
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local input = source.chain(source.file(io.stdin), normalize(CRLF))
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local output = sink.file(io.stdout)
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pump.all(input, output)
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17
gem/ex10.lua
17
gem/ex10.lua
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
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function pump.step(src, snk)
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local chunk, src_err = src()
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local ret, snk_err = snk(chunk, src_err)
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if chunk and ret then return 1
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else return nil, src_err or snk_err end
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end
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function pump.all(src, snk, step)
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step = step or pump.step
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while true do
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local ret, err = step(src, snk)
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if not ret then
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if err then return nil, err
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else return 1 end
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end
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end
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end
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@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
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local input = source.chain(
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source.file(io.open("input.bin", "rb")),
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encode("base64"))
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local output = sink.chain(
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wrap(76),
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sink.file(io.open("output.b64", "w")))
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pump.all(input, output)
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34
gem/ex12.lua
34
gem/ex12.lua
@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
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local smtp = require"socket.smtp"
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local mime = require"mime"
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local ltn12 = require"ltn12"
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CRLF = "\013\010"
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local message = smtp.message{
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headers = {
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from = "Sicrano <sicrano@example.com>",
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to = "Fulano <fulano@example.com>",
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subject = "A message with an attachment"},
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body = {
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preamble = "Hope you can see the attachment" .. CRLF,
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[1] = {
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body = "Here is our logo" .. CRLF},
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[2] = {
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headers = {
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["content-type"] = 'image/png; name="luasocket.png"',
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["content-disposition"] =
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'attachment; filename="luasocket.png"',
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["content-description"] = 'LuaSocket logo',
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["content-transfer-encoding"] = "BASE64"},
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body = ltn12.source.chain(
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ltn12.source.file(io.open("luasocket.png", "rb")),
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ltn12.filter.chain(
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mime.encode("base64"),
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mime.wrap()))}}}
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assert(smtp.send{
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rcpt = "<diego@cs.princeton.edu>",
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from = "<diego@cs.princeton.edu>",
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server = "localhost",
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port = 2525,
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source = message})
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11
gem/ex2.lua
11
gem/ex2.lua
@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
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function filter.cycle(lowlevel, context, extra)
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return function(chunk)
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local ret
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ret, context = lowlevel(context, chunk, extra)
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return ret
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end
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end
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function normalize(marker)
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return filter.cycle(eol, 0, marker)
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end
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15
gem/ex3.lua
15
gem/ex3.lua
@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
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local function chainpair(f1, f2)
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return function(chunk)
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local ret = f2(f1(chunk))
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if chunk then return ret
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else return (ret or "") .. (f2() or "") end
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end
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end
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function filter.chain(...)
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local f = select(1, ...)
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for i = 2, select('#', ...) do
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f = chainpair(f, select(i, ...))
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end
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return f
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end
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@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
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local qp = filter.chain(normalize(CRLF), encode("quoted-printable"),
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wrap("quoted-printable"))
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local input = source.chain(source.file(io.stdin), qp)
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local output = sink.file(io.stdout)
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pump.all(input, output)
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15
gem/ex5.lua
15
gem/ex5.lua
@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
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function source.empty(err)
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return function()
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return nil, err
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end
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end
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function source.file(handle, io_err)
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if handle then
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return function()
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local chunk = handle:read(20)
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if not chunk then handle:close() end
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return chunk
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end
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else return source.empty(io_err or "unable to open file") end
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end
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14
gem/ex6.lua
14
gem/ex6.lua
@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
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function source.chain(src, f)
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return function()
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if not src then
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return nil
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end
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local chunk, err = src()
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if not chunk then
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src = nil
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return f(nil)
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else
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return f(chunk)
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end
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end
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end
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16
gem/ex7.lua
16
gem/ex7.lua
@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
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function sink.table(t)
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t = t or {}
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local f = function(chunk, err)
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if chunk then table.insert(t, chunk) end
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return 1
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end
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return f, t
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end
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local function null()
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return 1
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end
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function sink.null()
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return null
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end
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@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
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local input = source.file(io.stdin)
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local output, t = sink.table()
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output = sink.chain(normalize(CRLF), output)
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pump.all(input, output)
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io.write(table.concat(t))
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@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
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for chunk in source.file(io.stdin) do
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io.write(chunk)
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end
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54
gem/gem.c
54
gem/gem.c
@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
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#include "lua.h"
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#include "lauxlib.h"
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#define CR '\xD'
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#define LF '\xA'
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#define CRLF "\xD\xA"
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#define candidate(c) (c == CR || c == LF)
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static int pushchar(int c, int last, const char *marker,
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luaL_Buffer *buffer) {
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if (candidate(c)) {
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if (candidate(last)) {
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if (c == last)
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luaL_addstring(buffer, marker);
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return 0;
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} else {
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luaL_addstring(buffer, marker);
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return c;
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}
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} else {
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luaL_putchar(buffer, c);
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return 0;
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}
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}
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static int eol(lua_State *L) {
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int context = luaL_checkint(L, 1);
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size_t isize = 0;
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const char *input = luaL_optlstring(L, 2, NULL, &isize);
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const char *last = input + isize;
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const char *marker = luaL_optstring(L, 3, CRLF);
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luaL_Buffer buffer;
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luaL_buffinit(L, &buffer);
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if (!input) {
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lua_pushnil(L);
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lua_pushnumber(L, 0);
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return 2;
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}
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while (input < last)
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context = pushchar(*input++, context, marker, &buffer);
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luaL_pushresult(&buffer);
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lua_pushnumber(L, context);
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return 2;
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}
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static luaL_reg func[] = {
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{ "eol", eol },
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{ NULL, NULL }
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};
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int luaopen_gem(lua_State *L) {
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luaL_openlib(L, "gem", func, 0);
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return 0;
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}
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206
gem/gt.b64
206
gem/gt.b64
@ -1,206 +0,0 @@
|
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EIEkQkhCyEoISegs3f1eVf3+qPTj0Z3udEJImN/Pe/rkdF6/V6/q3qp7b92tEOccfoT+A9zfHfj/
|
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|
|
||||||
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|
|
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|
|
||||||
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|
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|
||||||
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|
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
|
||||||
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|
|
||||||
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|
|
||||||
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|
|
||||||
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|
|
||||||
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|
||||||
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|
|
||||||
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|
|
||||||
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|
|
||||||
zl359tuyf/+7sKSkGiEJIT1jFAAkiShK68SJg7OylgYFGcVAAECrqiKEZJm2tysIgdmsc14EWRY2
|
|
||||||
FY/q+A0RQG3Re2yIerMsszvv3Pj114WS5N/n2McACufKz38+/uWXZ6SkDHDvs4rH7duLXnjh69LS
|
|
||||||
GkLMlHIALmgwbVry3r0PGwwd4T3gNDcJkqiUUC8SgjEWPoyuba6+CmFtAMH+/ftra2s7COjVuim0
|
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||||||
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||||||
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|
||||||
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|
|
||||||
BIN
gem/input.bin
BIN
gem/input.bin
Binary file not shown.
|
Before Width: | Height: | Size: 12 KiB |
695
gem/ltn012.tex
695
gem/ltn012.tex
@ -1,695 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
\documentclass[10pt]{article}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage{fancyvrb}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage{url}
|
|
||||||
\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{lua}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\small,commandchars=\@\#\%}
|
|
||||||
\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{C}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\small,commandchars=\@\#\%}
|
|
||||||
\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{mime}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\small,commandchars=\$\#\%}
|
|
||||||
\newcommand{\stick}[1]{\vbox{\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}#1}}
|
|
||||||
\newcommand{\bl}{\ensuremath{\mathtt{\backslash}}}
|
|
||||||
\newcommand{\CR}{\texttt{CR}}
|
|
||||||
\newcommand{\LF}{\texttt{LF}}
|
|
||||||
\newcommand{\CRLF}{\texttt{CR~LF}}
|
|
||||||
\newcommand{\nil}{\texttt{nil}}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\title{Filters, sources, sinks, and pumps\\
|
|
||||||
{\large or Functional programming for the rest of us}}
|
|
||||||
\author{Diego Nehab}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{document}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\maketitle
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{abstract}
|
|
||||||
Certain data processing operations can be implemented in the
|
|
||||||
form of filters. A filter is a function that can process
|
|
||||||
data received in consecutive invocations, returning partial
|
|
||||||
results each time it is called. Examples of operations that
|
|
||||||
can be implemented as filters include the end-of-line
|
|
||||||
normalization for text, Base64 and Quoted-Printable transfer
|
|
||||||
content encodings, the breaking of text into lines, SMTP
|
|
||||||
dot-stuffing, and there are many others. Filters become
|
|
||||||
even more powerful when we allow them to be chained together
|
|
||||||
to create composite filters. In this context, filters can be
|
|
||||||
seen as the internal links in a chain of data transformations.
|
|
||||||
Sources and sinks are the corresponding end points in these
|
|
||||||
chains. A source is a function that produces data, chunk by
|
|
||||||
chunk, and a sink is a function that takes data, chunk by
|
|
||||||
chunk. Finally, pumps are procedures that actively drive
|
|
||||||
data from a source to a sink, and indirectly through all
|
|
||||||
intervening filters. In this article, we describe the design of an
|
|
||||||
elegant interface for filters, sources, sinks, chains, and
|
|
||||||
pumps, and we illustrate each step with concrete examples.
|
|
||||||
\end{abstract}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Introduction}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Within the realm of networking applications, we are often
|
|
||||||
required to apply transformations to streams of data. Examples
|
|
||||||
include the end-of-line normalization for text, Base64 and
|
|
||||||
Quoted-Printable transfer content encodings, breaking text
|
|
||||||
into lines with a maximum number of columns, SMTP
|
|
||||||
dot-stuffing, \texttt{gzip} compression, HTTP chunked
|
|
||||||
transfer coding, and the list goes on.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Many complex tasks require a combination of two or more such
|
|
||||||
transformations, and therefore a general mechanism for
|
|
||||||
promoting reuse is desirable. In the process of designing
|
|
||||||
\texttt{LuaSocket~2.0}, we repeatedly faced this problem.
|
|
||||||
The solution we reached proved to be very general and
|
|
||||||
convenient. It is based on the concepts of filters, sources,
|
|
||||||
sinks, and pumps, which we introduce below.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\emph{Filters} are functions that can be repeatedly invoked
|
|
||||||
with chunks of input, successively returning processed
|
|
||||||
chunks of output. Naturally, the result of
|
|
||||||
concatenating all the output chunks must be the same as the
|
|
||||||
result of applying the filter to the concatenation of all
|
|
||||||
input chunks. In fancier language, filters \emph{commute}
|
|
||||||
with the concatenation operator. More importantly, filters
|
|
||||||
must handle input data correctly no matter how the stream
|
|
||||||
has been split into chunks.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A \emph{chain} is a function that transparently combines the
|
|
||||||
effect of one or more filters. The interface of a chain is
|
|
||||||
indistinguishable from the interface of its component
|
|
||||||
filters. This allows a chained filter to be used wherever
|
|
||||||
an atomic filter is accepted. In particular, chains can be
|
|
||||||
themselves chained to create arbitrarily complex operations.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Filters can be seen as internal nodes in a network through
|
|
||||||
which data will flow, potentially being transformed many
|
|
||||||
times along the way. Chains connect these nodes together.
|
|
||||||
The initial and final nodes of the network are
|
|
||||||
\emph{sources} and \emph{sinks}, respectively. Less
|
|
||||||
abstractly, a source is a function that produces new chunks
|
|
||||||
of data every time it is invoked. Conversely, sinks are
|
|
||||||
functions that give a final destination to the chunks of
|
|
||||||
data they receive in sucessive calls. Naturally, sources
|
|
||||||
and sinks can also be chained with filters to produce
|
|
||||||
filtered sources and sinks.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Finally, filters, chains, sources, and sinks are all passive
|
|
||||||
entities: they must be repeatedly invoked in order for
|
|
||||||
anything to happen. \emph{Pumps} provide the driving force
|
|
||||||
that pushes data through the network, from a source to a
|
|
||||||
sink, and indirectly through all intervening filters.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In the following sections, we start with a simplified
|
|
||||||
interface, which we later refine. The evolution we present
|
|
||||||
is not contrived: it recreates the steps we ourselves
|
|
||||||
followed as we consolidated our understanding of these
|
|
||||||
concepts within our application domain.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{A simple example}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The end-of-line normalization of text is a good
|
|
||||||
example to motivate our initial filter interface.
|
|
||||||
Assume we are given text in an unknown end-of-line
|
|
||||||
convention (including possibly mixed conventions) out of the
|
|
||||||
commonly found Unix (\LF), Mac OS (\CR), and
|
|
||||||
DOS (\CRLF) conventions. We would like to be able to
|
|
||||||
use the folowing code to normalize the end-of-line markers:
|
|
||||||
\begin{quote}
|
|
||||||
\begin{lua}
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
local CRLF = "\013\010"
|
|
||||||
local input = source.chain(source.file(io.stdin), normalize(CRLF))
|
|
||||||
local output = sink.file(io.stdout)
|
|
||||||
pump.all(input, output)
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
\end{lua}
|
|
||||||
\end{quote}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This program should read data from the standard input stream
|
|
||||||
and normalize the end-of-line markers to the canonic
|
|
||||||
\CRLF\ marker, as defined by the MIME standard.
|
|
||||||
Finally, the normalized text should be sent to the standard output
|
|
||||||
stream. We use a \emph{file source} that produces data from
|
|
||||||
standard input, and chain it with a filter that normalizes
|
|
||||||
the data. The pump then repeatedly obtains data from the
|
|
||||||
source, and passes it to the \emph{file sink}, which sends
|
|
||||||
it to the standard output.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In the code above, the \texttt{normalize} \emph{factory} is a
|
|
||||||
function that creates our normalization filter, which
|
|
||||||
replaces any end-of-line marker with the canonic marker.
|
|
||||||
The initial filter interface is
|
|
||||||
trivial: a filter function receives a chunk of input data,
|
|
||||||
and returns a chunk of processed data. When there are no
|
|
||||||
more input data left, the caller notifies the filter by invoking
|
|
||||||
it with a \nil\ chunk. The filter responds by returning
|
|
||||||
the final chunk of processed data (which could of course be
|
|
||||||
the empty string).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Although the interface is extremely simple, the
|
|
||||||
implementation is not so obvious. A normalization filter
|
|
||||||
respecting this interface needs to keep some kind of context
|
|
||||||
between calls. This is because a chunk boundary may lie between
|
|
||||||
the \CR\ and \LF\ characters marking the end of a single line. This
|
|
||||||
need for contextual storage motivates the use of
|
|
||||||
factories: each time the factory is invoked, it returns a
|
|
||||||
filter with its own context so that we can have several
|
|
||||||
independent filters being used at the same time. For
|
|
||||||
efficiency reasons, we must avoid the obvious solution of
|
|
||||||
concatenating all the input into the context before
|
|
||||||
producing any output chunks.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To that end, we break the implementation into two parts:
|
|
||||||
a low-level filter, and a factory of high-level filters. The
|
|
||||||
low-level filter is implemented in C and does not maintain
|
|
||||||
any context between function calls. The high-level filter
|
|
||||||
factory, implemented in Lua, creates and returns a
|
|
||||||
high-level filter that maintains whatever context the low-level
|
|
||||||
filter needs, but isolates the user from its internal
|
|
||||||
details. That way, we take advantage of C's efficiency to
|
|
||||||
perform the hard work, and take advantage of Lua's
|
|
||||||
simplicity for the bookkeeping.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{The Lua part of the filter}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Below is the complete implementation of the factory of high-level
|
|
||||||
end-of-line normalization filters:
|
|
||||||
\begin{quote}
|
|
||||||
\begin{lua}
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
function filter.cycle(lowlevel, context, extra)
|
|
||||||
return function(chunk)
|
|
||||||
local ret
|
|
||||||
ret, context = lowlevel(context, chunk, extra)
|
|
||||||
return ret
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
function normalize(marker)
|
|
||||||
return filter.cycle(eol, 0, marker)
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
\end{lua}
|
|
||||||
\end{quote}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The \texttt{normalize} factory simply calls a more generic
|
|
||||||
factory, the \texttt{cycle}~factory, passing the low-level
|
|
||||||
filter~\texttt{eol}. The \texttt{cycle}~factory receives a
|
|
||||||
low-level filter, an initial context, and an extra
|
|
||||||
parameter, and returns a new high-level filter. Each time
|
|
||||||
the high-level filer is passed a new chunk, it invokes the
|
|
||||||
low-level filter with the previous context, the new chunk,
|
|
||||||
and the extra argument. It is the low-level filter that
|
|
||||||
does all the work, producing the chunk of processed data and
|
|
||||||
a new context. The high-level filter then replaces its
|
|
||||||
internal context, and returns the processed chunk of data to
|
|
||||||
the user. Notice that we take advantage of Lua's lexical
|
|
||||||
scoping to store the context in a closure between function
|
|
||||||
calls.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{The C part of the filter}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
As for the low-level filter, we must first accept
|
|
||||||
that there is no perfect solution to the end-of-line marker
|
|
||||||
normalization problem. The difficulty comes from an
|
|
||||||
inherent ambiguity in the definition of empty lines within
|
|
||||||
mixed input. However, the following solution works well for
|
|
||||||
any consistent input, as well as for non-empty lines in
|
|
||||||
mixed input. It also does a reasonable job with empty lines
|
|
||||||
and serves as a good example of how to implement a low-level
|
|
||||||
filter.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The idea is to consider both \CR\ and~\LF\ as end-of-line
|
|
||||||
\emph{candidates}. We issue a single break if any candidate
|
|
||||||
is seen alone, or if it is followed by a different
|
|
||||||
candidate. In other words, \CR~\CR~and \LF~\LF\ each issue
|
|
||||||
two end-of-line markers, whereas \CR~\LF~and \LF~\CR\ issue
|
|
||||||
only one marker each. It is easy to see that this method
|
|
||||||
correctly handles the most common end-of-line conventions.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
With this in mind, we divide the low-level filter into two
|
|
||||||
simple functions. The inner function~\texttt{pushchar} performs the
|
|
||||||
normalization itself. It takes each input character in turn,
|
|
||||||
deciding what to output and how to modify the context. The
|
|
||||||
context tells if the last processed character was an
|
|
||||||
end-of-line candidate, and if so, which candidate it was.
|
|
||||||
For efficiency, we use Lua's auxiliary library's buffer
|
|
||||||
interface:
|
|
||||||
\begin{quote}
|
|
||||||
\begin{C}
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
@#define candidate(c) (c == CR || c == LF)
|
|
||||||
static int pushchar(int c, int last, const char *marker,
|
|
||||||
luaL_Buffer *buffer) {
|
|
||||||
if (candidate(c)) {
|
|
||||||
if (candidate(last)) {
|
|
||||||
if (c == last)
|
|
||||||
luaL_addstring(buffer, marker);
|
|
||||||
return 0;
|
|
||||||
} else {
|
|
||||||
luaL_addstring(buffer, marker);
|
|
||||||
return c;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
} else {
|
|
||||||
luaL_pushchar(buffer, c);
|
|
||||||
return 0;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
\end{C}
|
|
||||||
\end{quote}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The outer function~\texttt{eol} simply interfaces with Lua.
|
|
||||||
It receives the context and input chunk (as well as an
|
|
||||||
optional custom end-of-line marker), and returns the
|
|
||||||
transformed output chunk and the new context.
|
|
||||||
Notice that if the input chunk is \nil, the operation
|
|
||||||
is considered to be finished. In that case, the loop will
|
|
||||||
not execute a single time and the context is reset to the
|
|
||||||
initial state. This allows the filter to be reused many
|
|
||||||
times:
|
|
||||||
\begin{quote}
|
|
||||||
\begin{C}
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
static int eol(lua_State *L) {
|
|
||||||
int context = luaL_checkint(L, 1);
|
|
||||||
size_t isize = 0;
|
|
||||||
const char *input = luaL_optlstring(L, 2, NULL, &isize);
|
|
||||||
const char *last = input + isize;
|
|
||||||
const char *marker = luaL_optstring(L, 3, CRLF);
|
|
||||||
luaL_Buffer buffer;
|
|
||||||
luaL_buffinit(L, &buffer);
|
|
||||||
if (!input) {
|
|
||||||
lua_pushnil(L);
|
|
||||||
lua_pushnumber(L, 0);
|
|
||||||
return 2;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
while (input < last)
|
|
||||||
context = pushchar(*input++, context, marker, &buffer);
|
|
||||||
luaL_pushresult(&buffer);
|
|
||||||
lua_pushnumber(L, context);
|
|
||||||
return 2;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
\end{C}
|
|
||||||
\end{quote}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
When designing filters, the challenging part is usually
|
|
||||||
deciding what to store in the context. For line breaking, for
|
|
||||||
instance, it could be the number of bytes that still fit in the
|
|
||||||
current line. For Base64 encoding, it could be a string
|
|
||||||
with the bytes that remain after the division of the input
|
|
||||||
into 3-byte atoms. The MIME module in the \texttt{LuaSocket}
|
|
||||||
distribution has many other examples.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Filter chains}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Chains greatly increase the power of filters. For example,
|
|
||||||
according to the standard for Quoted-Printable encoding,
|
|
||||||
text should be normalized to a canonic end-of-line marker
|
|
||||||
prior to encoding. After encoding, the resulting text must
|
|
||||||
be broken into lines of no more than 76 characters, with the
|
|
||||||
use of soft line breaks (a line terminated by the \texttt{=}
|
|
||||||
sign). To help specifying complex transformations like
|
|
||||||
this, we define a chain factory that creates a composite
|
|
||||||
filter from one or more filters. A chained filter passes
|
|
||||||
data through all its components, and can be used wherever a
|
|
||||||
primitive filter is accepted.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The chaining factory is very simple. The auxiliary
|
|
||||||
function~\texttt{chainpair} chains two filters together,
|
|
||||||
taking special care if the chunk is the last. This is
|
|
||||||
because the final \nil\ chunk notification has to be
|
|
||||||
pushed through both filters in turn:
|
|
||||||
\begin{quote}
|
|
||||||
\begin{lua}
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
local function chainpair(f1, f2)
|
|
||||||
return function(chunk)
|
|
||||||
local ret = f2(f1(chunk))
|
|
||||||
if chunk then return ret
|
|
||||||
else return ret .. f2() end
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
function filter.chain(...)
|
|
||||||
local f = select(1, ...)
|
|
||||||
for i = 2, select('@#', ...) do
|
|
||||||
f = chainpair(f, select(i, ...))
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
return f
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
\end{lua}
|
|
||||||
\end{quote}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Thanks to the chain factory, we can
|
|
||||||
define the Quoted-Printable conversion as such:
|
|
||||||
\begin{quote}
|
|
||||||
\begin{lua}
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
local qp = filter.chain(normalize(CRLF), encode("quoted-printable"),
|
|
||||||
wrap("quoted-printable"))
|
|
||||||
local input = source.chain(source.file(io.stdin), qp)
|
|
||||||
local output = sink.file(io.stdout)
|
|
||||||
pump.all(input, output)
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
\end{lua}
|
|
||||||
\end{quote}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Sources, sinks, and pumps}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The filters we introduced so far act as the internal nodes
|
|
||||||
in a network of transformations. Information flows from node
|
|
||||||
to node (or rather from one filter to the next) and is
|
|
||||||
transformed along the way. Chaining filters together is our
|
|
||||||
way to connect nodes in this network. As the starting point
|
|
||||||
for the network, we need a source node that produces the
|
|
||||||
data. In the end of the network, we need a sink node that
|
|
||||||
gives a final destination to the data.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Sources}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A source returns the next chunk of data each time it is
|
|
||||||
invoked. When there is no more data, it simply returns~\nil.
|
|
||||||
In the event of an error, the source can inform the
|
|
||||||
caller by returning \nil\ followed by the error message.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Below are two simple source factories. The \texttt{empty} source
|
|
||||||
returns no data, possibly returning an associated error
|
|
||||||
message. The \texttt{file} source yields the contents of a file
|
|
||||||
in a chunk by chunk fashion:
|
|
||||||
\begin{quote}
|
|
||||||
\begin{lua}
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
function source.empty(err)
|
|
||||||
return function()
|
|
||||||
return nil, err
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
function source.file(handle, io_err)
|
|
||||||
if handle then
|
|
||||||
return function()
|
|
||||||
local chunk = handle:read(2048)
|
|
||||||
if not chunk then handle:close() end
|
|
||||||
return chunk
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
else return source.empty(io_err or "unable to open file") end
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
\end{lua}
|
|
||||||
\end{quote}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Filtered sources}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A filtered source passes its data through the
|
|
||||||
associated filter before returning it to the caller.
|
|
||||||
Filtered sources are useful when working with
|
|
||||||
functions that get their input data from a source (such as
|
|
||||||
the pumps in our examples). By chaining a source with one or
|
|
||||||
more filters, such functions can be transparently provided
|
|
||||||
with filtered data, with no need to change their interfaces.
|
|
||||||
Here is a factory that does the job:
|
|
||||||
\begin{quote}
|
|
||||||
\begin{lua}
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
function source.chain(src, f)
|
|
||||||
return function()
|
|
||||||
if not src then
|
|
||||||
return nil
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
local chunk, err = src()
|
|
||||||
if not chunk then
|
|
||||||
src = nil
|
|
||||||
return f(nil)
|
|
||||||
else
|
|
||||||
return f(chunk)
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
\end{lua}
|
|
||||||
\end{quote}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Sinks}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Just as we defined an interface for a source of data, we can
|
|
||||||
also define an interface for a data destination. We call
|
|
||||||
any function respecting this interface a sink. In our first
|
|
||||||
example, we used a file sink connected to the standard
|
|
||||||
output.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Sinks receive consecutive chunks of data, until the end of
|
|
||||||
data is signaled by a \nil\ input chunk. A sink can be
|
|
||||||
notified of an error with an optional extra argument that
|
|
||||||
contains the error message, following a \nil\ chunk.
|
|
||||||
If a sink detects an error itself, and
|
|
||||||
wishes not to be called again, it can return \nil,
|
|
||||||
followed by an error message. A return value that
|
|
||||||
is not \nil\ means the sink will accept more data.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Below are two useful sink factories.
|
|
||||||
The table factory creates a sink that stores
|
|
||||||
individual chunks into an array. The data can later be
|
|
||||||
efficiently concatenated into a single string with Lua's
|
|
||||||
\texttt{table.concat} library function. The \texttt{null} sink
|
|
||||||
simply discards the chunks it receives:
|
|
||||||
\begin{quote}
|
|
||||||
\begin{lua}
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
function sink.table(t)
|
|
||||||
t = t or {}
|
|
||||||
local f = function(chunk, err)
|
|
||||||
if chunk then table.insert(t, chunk) end
|
|
||||||
return 1
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
return f, t
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
local function null()
|
|
||||||
return 1
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
function sink.null()
|
|
||||||
return null
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
\end{lua}
|
|
||||||
\end{quote}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Naturally, filtered sinks are just as useful as filtered
|
|
||||||
sources. A filtered sink passes each chunk it receives
|
|
||||||
through the associated filter before handing it down to the
|
|
||||||
original sink. In the following example, we use a source
|
|
||||||
that reads from the standard input. The input chunks are
|
|
||||||
sent to a table sink, which has been coupled with a
|
|
||||||
normalization filter. The filtered chunks are then
|
|
||||||
concatenated from the output array, and finally sent to
|
|
||||||
standard out:
|
|
||||||
\begin{quote}
|
|
||||||
\begin{lua}
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
local input = source.file(io.stdin)
|
|
||||||
local output, t = sink.table()
|
|
||||||
output = sink.chain(normalize(CRLF), output)
|
|
||||||
pump.all(input, output)
|
|
||||||
io.write(table.concat(t))
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
\end{lua}
|
|
||||||
\end{quote}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Pumps}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Although not on purpose, our interface for sources is
|
|
||||||
compatible with Lua iterators. That is, a source can be
|
|
||||||
neatly used in conjunction with \texttt{for} loops. Using
|
|
||||||
our file source as an iterator, we can write the following
|
|
||||||
code:
|
|
||||||
\begin{quote}
|
|
||||||
\begin{lua}
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
for chunk in source.file(io.stdin) do
|
|
||||||
io.write(chunk)
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
\end{lua}
|
|
||||||
\end{quote}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Loops like this will always be present because everything
|
|
||||||
we designed so far is passive. Sources, sinks, filters: none
|
|
||||||
of them can do anything on their own. The operation of
|
|
||||||
pumping all data a source can provide into a sink is so
|
|
||||||
common that it deserves its own function:
|
|
||||||
\begin{quote}
|
|
||||||
\begin{lua}
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
function pump.step(src, snk)
|
|
||||||
local chunk, src_err = src()
|
|
||||||
local ret, snk_err = snk(chunk, src_err)
|
|
||||||
if chunk and ret then return 1
|
|
||||||
else return nil, src_err or snk_err end
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
function pump.all(src, snk, step)
|
|
||||||
step = step or pump.step
|
|
||||||
while true do
|
|
||||||
local ret, err = step(src, snk)
|
|
||||||
if not ret then
|
|
||||||
if err then return nil, err
|
|
||||||
else return 1 end
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
\end{lua}
|
|
||||||
\end{quote}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The \texttt{pump.step} function moves one chunk of data from
|
|
||||||
the source to the sink. The \texttt{pump.all} function takes
|
|
||||||
an optional \texttt{step} function and uses it to pump all the
|
|
||||||
data from the source to the sink.
|
|
||||||
Here is an example that uses the Base64 and the
|
|
||||||
line wrapping filters from the \texttt{LuaSocket}
|
|
||||||
distribution. The program reads a binary file from
|
|
||||||
disk and stores it in another file, after encoding it to the
|
|
||||||
Base64 transfer content encoding:
|
|
||||||
\begin{quote}
|
|
||||||
\begin{lua}
|
|
||||||
@stick#
|
|
||||||
local input = source.chain(
|
|
||||||
source.file(io.open("input.bin", "rb")),
|
|
||||||
encode("base64"))
|
|
||||||
local output = sink.chain(
|
|
||||||
wrap(76),
|
|
||||||
sink.file(io.open("output.b64", "w")))
|
|
||||||
pump.all(input, output)
|
|
||||||
%
|
|
||||||
\end{lua}
|
|
||||||
\end{quote}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The way we split the filters here is not intuitive, on
|
|
||||||
purpose. Alternatively, we could have chained the Base64
|
|
||||||
encode filter and the line-wrap filter together, and then
|
|
||||||
chain the resulting filter with either the file source or
|
|
||||||
the file sink. It doesn't really matter.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Exploding filters}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Our current filter interface has one serious shortcoming.
|
|
||||||
Consider for example a \texttt{gzip} decompression filter.
|
|
||||||
During decompression, a small input chunk can be exploded
|
|
||||||
into a huge amount of data. To address this problem, we
|
|
||||||
decided to change the filter interface and allow exploding
|
|
||||||
filters to return large quantities of output data in a chunk
|
|
||||||
by chunk manner.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
More specifically, after passing each chunk of input to
|
|
||||||
a filter, and collecting the first chunk of output, the
|
|
||||||
user must now loop to receive other chunks from the filter until no
|
|
||||||
filtered data is left. Within these secondary calls, the
|
|
||||||
caller passes an empty string to the filter. The filter
|
|
||||||
responds with an empty string when it is ready for the next
|
|
||||||
input chunk. In the end, after the user passes a
|
|
||||||
\nil\ chunk notifying the filter that there is no
|
|
||||||
more input data, the filter might still have to produce too
|
|
||||||
much output data to return in a single chunk. The user has
|
|
||||||
to loop again, now passing \nil\ to the filter each time,
|
|
||||||
until the filter itself returns \nil\ to notify the
|
|
||||||
user it is finally done.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Fortunately, it is very easy to modify a filter to respect
|
|
||||||
the new interface. In fact, the end-of-line translation
|
|
||||||
filter we presented earlier already conforms to it. The
|
|
||||||
complexity is encapsulated within the chaining functions,
|
|
||||||
which must now include a loop. Since these functions only
|
|
||||||
have to be written once, the user is rarely affected.
|
|
||||||
Interestingly, the modifications do not have a measurable
|
|
||||||
negative impact in the performance of filters that do
|
|
||||||
not need the added flexibility. On the other hand, for a
|
|
||||||
small price in complexity, the changes make exploding
|
|
||||||
filters practical.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{A complex example}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The LTN12 module in the \texttt{LuaSocket} distribution
|
|
||||||
implements all the ideas we have described. The MIME
|
|
||||||
and SMTP modules are tightly integrated with LTN12,
|
|
||||||
and can be used to showcase the expressive power of filters,
|
|
||||||
sources, sinks, and pumps. Below is an example
|
|
||||||
of how a user would proceed to define and send a
|
|
||||||
multipart message, with attachments, using \texttt{LuaSocket}:
|
|
||||||
\begin{quote}
|
|
||||||
\begin{mime}
|
|
||||||
local smtp = require"socket.smtp"
|
|
||||||
local mime = require"mime"
|
|
||||||
local ltn12 = require"ltn12"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
local message = smtp.message{
|
|
||||||
headers = {
|
|
||||||
from = "Sicrano <sicrano@example.com>",
|
|
||||||
to = "Fulano <fulano@example.com>",
|
|
||||||
subject = "A message with an attachment"},
|
|
||||||
body = {
|
|
||||||
preamble = "Hope you can see the attachment" .. CRLF,
|
|
||||||
[1] = {
|
|
||||||
body = "Here is our logo" .. CRLF},
|
|
||||||
[2] = {
|
|
||||||
headers = {
|
|
||||||
["content-type"] = 'image/png; name="luasocket.png"',
|
|
||||||
["content-disposition"] =
|
|
||||||
'attachment; filename="luasocket.png"',
|
|
||||||
["content-description"] = 'LuaSocket logo',
|
|
||||||
["content-transfer-encoding"] = "BASE64"},
|
|
||||||
body = ltn12.source.chain(
|
|
||||||
ltn12.source.file(io.open("luasocket.png", "rb")),
|
|
||||||
ltn12.filter.chain(
|
|
||||||
mime.encode("base64"),
|
|
||||||
mime.wrap()))}}}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
assert(smtp.send{
|
|
||||||
rcpt = "<fulano@example.com>",
|
|
||||||
from = "<sicrano@example.com>",
|
|
||||||
source = message})
|
|
||||||
\end{mime}
|
|
||||||
\end{quote}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The \texttt{smtp.message} function receives a table
|
|
||||||
describing the message, and returns a source. The
|
|
||||||
\texttt{smtp.send} function takes this source, chains it with the
|
|
||||||
SMTP dot-stuffing filter, connects a socket sink
|
|
||||||
with the server, and simply pumps the data. The message is never
|
|
||||||
assembled in memory. Everything is produced on demand,
|
|
||||||
transformed in small pieces, and sent to the server in chunks,
|
|
||||||
including the file attachment which is loaded from disk and
|
|
||||||
encoded on the fly. It just works.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Conclusions}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In this article, we introduced the concepts of filters,
|
|
||||||
sources, sinks, and pumps to the Lua language. These are
|
|
||||||
useful tools for stream processing in general. Sources provide
|
|
||||||
a simple abstraction for data acquisition. Sinks provide an
|
|
||||||
abstraction for final data destinations. Filters define an
|
|
||||||
interface for data transformations. The chaining of
|
|
||||||
filters, sources and sinks provides an elegant way to create
|
|
||||||
arbitrarily complex data transformations from simpler
|
|
||||||
components. Pumps simply push the data through.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Acknowledgements}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The concepts described in this text are the result of long
|
|
||||||
discussions with David Burgess. A version of this text has
|
|
||||||
been released on-line as the Lua Technical Note 012, hence
|
|
||||||
the name of the corresponding LuaSocket module, LTN12. Wim
|
|
||||||
Couwenberg contributed to the implementation of the module,
|
|
||||||
and Adrian Sietsma was the first to notice the
|
|
||||||
correspondence between sources and Lua iterators.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end{document}
|
|
||||||
Binary file not shown.
|
Before Width: | Height: | Size: 12 KiB |
14
gem/makefile
14
gem/makefile
@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
ltn012.pdf: ltn012.ps
|
|
||||||
./myps2pdf ltn012.ps
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ltn012.ps: ltn012.dvi
|
|
||||||
dvips -G0 -t letter -o ltn012.ps ltn012.dvi
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ltn012.dvi: ltn012.tex
|
|
||||||
latex ltn012
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
clean:
|
|
||||||
rm -f *~ *.log *.aux *.bbl *.blg ltn012.pdf ltn012.ps ltn012.dvi ltn012.lof ltn012.toc ltn012.lot
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
pdf: ltn012.pdf
|
|
||||||
open ltn012.pdf
|
|
||||||
113
gem/myps2pdf
113
gem/myps2pdf
@ -1,113 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
#!/bin/sh -
|
|
||||||
do_opt=1
|
|
||||||
best=0
|
|
||||||
rot=0
|
|
||||||
a4=0
|
|
||||||
eps=0
|
|
||||||
usage="Usage: $0 [-no_opt] [-best] [-rot] [-a4] [-eps] in.ps [out.pdf]"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
case "x$1" in
|
|
||||||
"x-no_opt") do_opt=0 ; shift ;;
|
|
||||||
esac
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
case "x$1" in
|
|
||||||
"x-best") best=1 ; shift ;;
|
|
||||||
esac
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
case "x$1" in
|
|
||||||
"x-rot") rot=1 ; shift ;;
|
|
||||||
esac
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
case "x$1" in
|
|
||||||
"x-a4") a4=1 ; shift ;;
|
|
||||||
esac
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
case "x$1" in
|
|
||||||
"x-eps") eps=1 ; shift ;;
|
|
||||||
esac
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
case $# in
|
|
||||||
2) ifilename=$1 ; ofilename=$2 ;;
|
|
||||||
1) ifilename=$1
|
|
||||||
if `echo $1 | grep -i '\.e*ps$' > /dev/null`
|
|
||||||
then
|
|
||||||
ofilename=`echo $1 | sed 's/\..*$/.pdf/'`
|
|
||||||
else
|
|
||||||
echo "$usage" 1>&2
|
|
||||||
exit 1
|
|
||||||
fi ;;
|
|
||||||
*) echo "$usage" 1>&2 ; exit 1 ;;
|
|
||||||
esac
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
if [ $best == 1 ]
|
|
||||||
then
|
|
||||||
options="-dPDFSETTINGS=/prepress \
|
|
||||||
-r1200 \
|
|
||||||
-dMonoImageResolution=1200 \
|
|
||||||
-dGrayImageResolution=1200 \
|
|
||||||
-dColorImageResolution=1200 \
|
|
||||||
-dDownsampleMonoImages=false \
|
|
||||||
-dDownsampleGrayImages=false \
|
|
||||||
-dDownsampleColorImages=false \
|
|
||||||
-dAutoFilterMonoImages=false \
|
|
||||||
-dAutoFilterGrayImages=false \
|
|
||||||
-dAutoFilterColorImages=false \
|
|
||||||
-dMonoImageFilter=/FlateEncode \
|
|
||||||
-dGrayImageFilter=/FlateEncode \
|
|
||||||
-dColorImageFilter=/FlateEncode"
|
|
||||||
else
|
|
||||||
options="-dPDFSETTINGS=/prepress \
|
|
||||||
-r600 \
|
|
||||||
-dDownsampleMonoImages=true \
|
|
||||||
-dDownsampleGrayImages=true \
|
|
||||||
-dDownsampleColorImages=true \
|
|
||||||
-dMonoImageDownsampleThreshold=2.0 \
|
|
||||||
-dGrayImageDownsampleThreshold=1.5 \
|
|
||||||
-dColorImageDownsampleThreshold=1.5 \
|
|
||||||
-dMonoImageResolution=600 \
|
|
||||||
-dGrayImageResolution=600 \
|
|
||||||
-dColorImageResolution=600 \
|
|
||||||
-dAutoFilterMonoImages=false \
|
|
||||||
-dMonoImageFilter=/FlateEncode \
|
|
||||||
-dAutoFilterGrayImages=true \
|
|
||||||
-dAutoFilterColorImages=true"
|
|
||||||
fi
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
if [ $rot == 1 ]
|
|
||||||
then
|
|
||||||
options="$options -dAutoRotatePages=/PageByPage"
|
|
||||||
fi
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
if [ $eps == 1 ]
|
|
||||||
then
|
|
||||||
options="$options -dEPSCrop"
|
|
||||||
fi
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
set -x
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
if [ $a4 == 1 ]
|
|
||||||
then
|
|
||||||
# Resize from A4 to letter size
|
|
||||||
psresize -Pa4 -pletter "$ifilename" myps2pdf.temp.ps
|
|
||||||
ifilename=myps2pdf.temp.ps
|
|
||||||
fi
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
gs -q -dSAFER -dNOPAUSE -dBATCH \
|
|
||||||
-sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sPAPERSIZE=letter -sOutputFile=myps2pdf.temp.pdf \
|
|
||||||
-dCompatibilityLevel=1.3 \
|
|
||||||
$options \
|
|
||||||
-dMaxSubsetPct=100 \
|
|
||||||
-dSubsetFonts=true \
|
|
||||||
-dEmbedAllFonts=true \
|
|
||||||
-dColorConversionStrategy=/LeaveColorUnchanged \
|
|
||||||
-dDoThumbnails=true \
|
|
||||||
-dPreserveEPSInfo=true \
|
|
||||||
-c .setpdfwrite -f "$ifilename"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
if [ $do_opt == 1 ]
|
|
||||||
then
|
|
||||||
pdfopt myps2pdf.temp.pdf $ofilename
|
|
||||||
else
|
|
||||||
mv myps2pdf.temp.pdf $ofilename
|
|
||||||
fi
|
|
||||||
rm -f myps2pdf.temp.pdf myps2pdf.temp.ps
|
|
||||||
25
gem/t1.lua
25
gem/t1.lua
@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
source = {}
|
|
||||||
sink = {}
|
|
||||||
pump = {}
|
|
||||||
filter = {}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- source.chain
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex6.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- source.file
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex5.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- normalize
|
|
||||||
require"gem"
|
|
||||||
eol = gem.eol
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex2.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- sink.file
|
|
||||||
require"ltn12"
|
|
||||||
sink.file = ltn12.sink.file
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- pump.all
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex10.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- run test
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex1.lua")
|
|
||||||
@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
this is a test file
|
|
||||||
it should have been saved as lf eol
|
|
||||||
but t1.lua will convert it to crlf eol
|
|
||||||
otherwise it is broken!
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
36
gem/t2.lua
36
gem/t2.lua
@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
source = {}
|
|
||||||
sink = {}
|
|
||||||
pump = {}
|
|
||||||
filter = {}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- filter.chain
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex3.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- normalize
|
|
||||||
require"gem"
|
|
||||||
eol = gem.eol
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex2.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- encode
|
|
||||||
require"mime"
|
|
||||||
encode = mime.encode
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- wrap
|
|
||||||
wrap = mime.wrap
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- source.chain
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex6.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- source.file
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex5.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- sink.file
|
|
||||||
require"ltn12"
|
|
||||||
sink.file = ltn12.sink.file
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- pump.all
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex10.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- run test
|
|
||||||
CRLF = "\013\010"
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex4.lua")
|
|
||||||
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
esse é um texto com acentos
|
|
||||||
quoted-printable tem que quebrar linhas longas, com mais que 76 linhas de texto
|
|
||||||
fora que as quebras de linhas têm que ser normalizadas
|
|
||||||
vamos ver o que dá isso aqui
|
|
||||||
@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
esse =E9 um texto com acentos
|
|
||||||
quoted-printable tem que quebrar linhas longas, com mais que 76 linhas de t=
|
|
||||||
exto
|
|
||||||
fora que as quebras de linhas t=EAm que ser normalizadas
|
|
||||||
vamos ver o que d=E1 isso aqui
|
|
||||||
25
gem/t3.lua
25
gem/t3.lua
@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
source = {}
|
|
||||||
sink = {}
|
|
||||||
pump = {}
|
|
||||||
filter = {}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- source.file
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex5.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- sink.table
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex7.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- sink.chain
|
|
||||||
require"ltn12"
|
|
||||||
sink.chain = ltn12.sink.chain
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- normalize
|
|
||||||
require"gem"
|
|
||||||
eol = gem.eol
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex2.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- pump.all
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex10.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- run test
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex8.lua")
|
|
||||||
10
gem/t4.lua
10
gem/t4.lua
@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
source = {}
|
|
||||||
sink = {}
|
|
||||||
pump = {}
|
|
||||||
filter = {}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- source.file
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex5.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- run test
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex9.lua")
|
|
||||||
30
gem/t5.lua
30
gem/t5.lua
@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
source = {}
|
|
||||||
sink = {}
|
|
||||||
pump = {}
|
|
||||||
filter = {}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- source.chain
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex6.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- source.file
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex5.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- encode
|
|
||||||
require"mime"
|
|
||||||
encode = mime.encode
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- sink.chain
|
|
||||||
require"ltn12"
|
|
||||||
sink.chain = ltn12.sink.chain
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- wrap
|
|
||||||
wrap = mime.wrap
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- sink.file
|
|
||||||
sink.file = ltn12.sink.file
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- pump.all
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex10.lua")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-- run test
|
|
||||||
dofile("ex11.lua")
|
|
||||||
46
gem/test.lua
46
gem/test.lua
@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
function readfile(n)
|
|
||||||
local f = io.open(n, "rb")
|
|
||||||
local s = f:read("*a")
|
|
||||||
f:close()
|
|
||||||
return s
|
|
||||||
end
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
lf = readfile("t1lf.txt")
|
|
||||||
os.remove("t1crlf.txt")
|
|
||||||
os.execute("lua t1.lua < t1lf.txt > t1crlf.txt")
|
|
||||||
crlf = readfile("t1crlf.txt")
|
|
||||||
assert(crlf == string.gsub(lf, "\010", "\013\010"), "broken")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
gt = readfile("t2gt.qp")
|
|
||||||
os.remove("t2.qp")
|
|
||||||
os.execute("lua t2.lua < t2.txt > t2.qp")
|
|
||||||
t2 = readfile("t2.qp")
|
|
||||||
assert(gt == t2, "broken")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
os.remove("t1crlf.txt")
|
|
||||||
os.execute("lua t3.lua < t1lf.txt > t1crlf.txt")
|
|
||||||
crlf = readfile("t1crlf.txt")
|
|
||||||
assert(crlf == string.gsub(lf, "\010", "\013\010"), "broken")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
t = readfile("test.lua")
|
|
||||||
os.execute("lua t4.lua < test.lua > t")
|
|
||||||
t2 = readfile("t")
|
|
||||||
assert(t == t2, "broken")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
os.remove("output.b64")
|
|
||||||
gt = readfile("gt.b64")
|
|
||||||
os.execute("lua t5.lua")
|
|
||||||
t5 = readfile("output.b64")
|
|
||||||
assert(gt == t5, "failed")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
print("1 2 5 6 10 passed")
|
|
||||||
print("2 3 4 5 6 10 passed")
|
|
||||||
print("2 5 6 7 8 10 passed")
|
|
||||||
print("5 9 passed")
|
|
||||||
print("5 6 10 11 passed")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
os.remove("t")
|
|
||||||
os.remove("t2.qp")
|
|
||||||
os.remove("t1crlf.txt")
|
|
||||||
os.remove("t11.b64")
|
|
||||||
os.remove("output.b64")
|
|
||||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user