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luasocket/doc/socket.html

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>LuaSocket: Network support for the Lua language</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reference.css" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<!-- header +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=header>
<hr>
<center>
<table summary="LuaSocket logo">
<tr><td align=center><a href="http://www.lua.org">
<img border=0 alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=center valign=top>Network support for the Lua language
</td></tr>
</table>
<p class=bar>
<a href="home.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="home.html#download">download</a> &middot;
<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> &middot;
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
</p>
</center>
<hr>
</div>
<!-- socket +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
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<h2 id=socket>The socket namespace</h2>
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<p>
The <tt>socket</tt> namespace contains the namespace tables for all
LuaSocket modules as well as function that didn't belong in any specific
module, functions that are so commonly used that deserve a shortcut and a
few constants.
</p>
<!-- debug ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=debug>
socket.<b>debug</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
This constant is set to <tt><b>true</b></tt> if the library was compiled
with debug support.
</p>
<!-- protect +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=protect>
socket.<b>protect(</b>function<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Converts a function that throws exceptions into a safe function.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>Function</tt> is a function that calls
<a href=#try><tt>try</tt></a> to throw exceptions.
</p>
<p class=return>
The function an equivalent function that instead of throwing exceptoins,
returns <tt><b>nil</b></tt> followed by an error message.
</p>
Working with in the manual.
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<!-- select +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=select>
socket.<b>select(</b>recvt, sendt [, timeout]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Waits for a number of sockets to change status.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>Recvt</tt> is an array with the sockets to test for characters
available for reading. Sockets in the <tt>sendt</tt> array are watched to
see if it is OK to immediately write on them. <tt>Timeout</tt> is the
maximum amount of time (in seconds) to wait for a change in status. A
<tt><b>nil</b></tt>, negative or omitted <tt>timeout</tt> value allows the
function to block indefinitely. <tt>Recvt</tt> and <tt>sendt</tt> can also
be empty tables or <tt><b>nil</b></tt>. Non-socket values in the arrays
will be silently ignored.
</p>
<p class=return> The function returns a table with the sockets ready for
reading, a table with the sockets ready for writing and an error message.
The error message is "<tt>timeout</tt>" if a timeout condition was met and
<tt><b>nil</b></tt> otherwise. The returned tables are associative, to
simplify the test if a specific socket has changed status.
</p>
<p class=note>
<b>Important Note</b>: a known bug in WinSock causes <tt>select</tt> to fail
on non-blocking TCP sockets. The function may return a socket as
writable even though the socket is <em>not</em> ready for sending.
</p>
<p class=note>
<b>Important note</b>: calling select with a server socket in the receive
parameter before a call to accept does <em>not</em> guarantee
<a href=tcp.html#accept><tt>accept</tt></a> will return immediately.
Use the <a href=tcp.html#timeout><tt>timeout</tt></a>
method or <tt>accept</tt> might block forever.
</p>
<p class=note>
Interesting note: as mentioned in some manuals, calling select with both
sets empty and a non-null timeout is a fairly portable way to sleep with
sub-second precision.
</p>
<!-- sink ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=sink>
socket.<b>sink(</b>mode, socket<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Creates an
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN012</a>
sink from a stream socket object.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>Mode</tt> defines the behaviour of the sink. The following
options are available:
</p>
<ul>
<li> <tt>"http-chunked"</tt>: sends data through socket after applying the
<em>chunked transfer coding</em>, closing the socket when done;
<li> <tt>"close-when-done"</tt>: sends all received data through the
socket, closing the socket when done;
<li> <tt>"keep-open"</tt>: sends all received data through the
socket, leaving it open when done.
</ul>
<p>
<tt>Socket</tt> is the stream socket object used to send the data.
</p>
<p class=return>
The function returns a sink with the appropriate behavior.
</p>
<!-- source +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=source>
socket.<b>source(</b>mode, socket [, length]<b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Creates an
<a href="http://lua-users.org/wiki/FiltersSourcesAndSinks">LTN012</a>
source from a stream socket object.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
<tt>Mode</tt> defines the behaviour of the source. The following
options are available:
</p>
<ul>
<li> <tt>"http-chunked"</tt>: receives data from socket and removes the
<em>chunked transfer coding</em> before returning the data;
<li> <tt>"by-length"</tt>: receives a fixed number of bytes from the
socket. This mode requires the extra argument <tt>length</tt>;
<li> <tt>"until-closed"</tt>: receives data from a socket until the other
side closes the connection.
</ul>
<p>
<tt>Socket</tt> is the stream socket object used to receive the data.
</p>
<p class=return>
The function returns a source with the appropriate behavior.
</p>
<!-- try ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
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<p class=name id=try>
socket.<b>try(</b>ret<sub>1</sub>, ret<sub>2</sub> ... ret<sub>N</sub><b>)</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
Throws an exception in case of error.
</p>
<p class=parameters>
</b>Ret<sub>1</sub>, ret<sub>2</sub> ... ret<sub>N</sub> can be arbitrary
arguments, but are usually the return values of a function call that
nested with the call to <tt>try</tt>.
</p>
<p class=return>
The function returns ret<sub>1</sub>, ret<sub>2</sub> ... ret<sub>N</sub> if
ret<sub>1</sub> is not <tt><b>nil</b></tt>. Otherwise, calls <tt>error</tt>
passing ret<sub>2</sub>.
</p>
<pre class=example>
-- connects or throws an exception with the appropriate error message
c = socket.try(socket.connect("localhost", 80))
</pre>
<!-- version ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<p class=name id=version>
socket.<b>version</b>
</p>
<p class=description>
This constant has a string describing the current LuaSocket version.
</p>
<!-- footer +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<div class=footer>
<hr>
<center>
<p class=bar>
<a href="home.html">home</a> &middot;
<a href="home.html#down">download</a> &middot;
<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> &middot;
<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
</p>
<p>
<small>
Last modified by Diego Nehab on <br>
Sat Aug 9 01:00:41 PDT 2003
</small>
</p>
</center>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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